【发布时间】：2019-05-20 16:56:04
【问题描述】：
操作系统：Windows Server 2016 R2
我有一个 RAMDisk 驱动程序可以使用“添加旧硬件向导”（hdwwiz.exe）成功安装。从devcon hwids *的输出可以看出设备如下。
ROOT\UNKNOWN\0000
Name: RAMDrive [ QSoft ] Enterprise (x64)
Hardware IDs:
ramdriv
但是，我需要通过 Ansible 完成安装，因此无法使用 hdwwiz.exe。它必须通过命令行完成，无需交互。
我尝试了几种方法，但都没有奏效。
方法一：DevCon.exe（Windows 设备控制台）
C:\Ramdisk64_inst>devcon.exe install RAMDriv.inf ramdriv
Device node created. Install is complete when drivers are installed...
Updating drivers for ramdriv from C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf.
devcon.exe failed.
C:\Ramdisk64_inst>devcon.exe install RAMDriv.inf ROOT\UNKNOWN\0000
Device node created. Install is complete when drivers are installed...
Updating drivers for ROOT\UNKNOWN\0000 from C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf.
devcon.exe failed.
这是来自C:\Windows\INF\setupapi.dev.log的日志
>>> [Device Install (UpdateDriverForPlugAndPlayDevices) - ramdriv]
>>> Section start 2018/12/20 07:10:35.670
cmd: C:\Ramdisk64_inst\devcon.exe install C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf ramdriv
ndv: INF path: C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf
ndv: Install flags: 0x00000001
! ndv: Unable to find any matching devices.
<<< Section end 2018/12/20 07:10:35.717
<<< [Exit status: FAILURE(0xe000020b)]
>>> [Device Install (UpdateDriverForPlugAndPlayDevices) - ROOT\UNKNOWN\0000]
>>> Section start 2018/12/20 07:11:50.687
cmd: devcon.exe install RAMDriv.inf ROOT\UNKNOWN\0000
ndv: INF path: C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf
ndv: Install flags: 0x00000001
! ndv: Unable to find any matching devices.
<<< Section end 2018/12/20 07:11:50.734
<<< [Exit status: FAILURE(0xe000020b)]
方法2：DPInst.exe（驱动程序包安装程序）
C:\Ramdisk64_inst>dpinst.exe /PATH C:\Ramdisk64_inst /Q /C /LM
INFO: Option set: dumping log info to console.
INFO: Current working directory: 'C:\Ramdisk64_inst'
INFO: Running on path 'C:\Ramdisk64_inst'
INFO: No valid 'dpinst.xml' file provided.
INFO: Install option set: Running in quiet mode. Suppressing Wizard and OS popups.
INFO: Install option set: legacy mode on.
INFO: Found driver package: 'C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf'.
INFO: Preinstalling 'c:\ramdisk64_inst\ramdriv.inf' ...
INFO: ENTER: DriverPackagePreinstallW
INFO: Driver package is already preinstalled 'c:\ramdisk64_inst\ramdriv.inf'.
SUCCESS:c:\ramdisk64_inst\ramdriv.inf is preinstalled.
INFO: RETURN: DriverPackagePreinstallW (0xB7)
INFO: ENTER: DriverPackageGetPathW
INFO: RETURN: DriverPackageGetPathW (0x0)
INFO: ENTER: DriverPackageInstallW
WARNING:DRIVER_PACKAGE_LEGACY_MODE flag set but not supported on Plug and Play driver on VISTA. Flag will be ignored.
INFO: Installing INF file 'c:\ramdisk64_inst\ramdriv.inf' (Plug and Play).
INFO: Looking for Model Section [DiskDevice.NTamd64]...
INFO: No matching devices found in INF "C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\ramdriv.inf_amd64_fcc99ac0622d865b\ramdriv.inf" on the Machine.
INFO: No drivers installed. No devices found that match driver(s) contained in 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\ramdriv.inf_amd64_fcc99ac0622d865b\ramdriv.inf'.
INFO: RETURN: DriverPackageInstallW (0xE000020B)
INFO: No matching device was found for 'c:\ramdisk64_inst\ramdriv.inf'. Driver will be installed when plugged in.
INFO: Returning with code 0x100
方法 3：rundll32 调用 SetupAPI
C:\Ramdisk64_inst>rundll32.exe setupapi.dll,InstallHinfSection DiskInstall 128 C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf
结束没有任何错误，但是驱动没有安装。
方法 4：PnPUtil
C:\Ramdisk64_inst>pnputil.exe /add-driver C:\Ramdisk64_inst\RAMDriv.inf /install /subdirs /restart
Microsoft PnP Utility
Adding driver package: RAMDriv.inf
Driver package added successfully.
Published Name: oem7.inf
Driver package installed on matching devices.
Total driver packages: 1
Added driver packages: 1
成功了，但实际上驱动没有安装。
它们都不起作用。 DpInst.exe 说No matching devices found in INF，DevCon.exe 说Unable to find any matching devices。似乎是同一个原因。
但是驱动可以用hdwwiz.exe手动安装，有谁知道hdwwiz.exe里面的秘密是什么？
【问题讨论】：