如何从 Java 程序创建和运行 Apache JMeter 测试脚本？

Question

我想使用 Apache JMeter 提供的 API 从 Java 程序创建和运行测试脚本。我已经了解了 ThreadGroup 和 Samplers 的基础知识。我可以使用 JMeter API 在我的 Java 类中创建它们。

ThreadGroup threadGroup = new ThreadGroup();
    LoopController lc = new LoopController();
    lc.setLoops(5);
    lc.setContinueForever(true);
    threadGroup.setSamplerController(lc);
    threadGroup.setNumThreads(5);
    threadGroup.setRampUp(1);

HTTPSampler sampler = new HTTPSampler();
    sampler.setDomain("localhost");
    sampler.setPort(8080);
    sampler.setPath("/jpetstore/shop/viewCategory.shtml");
    sampler.setMethod("GET");

    Arguments arg = new Arguments();
    arg.addArgument("categoryId", "FISH");

    sampler.setArguments(arg);

但是，我不知道如何创建一个结合线程组和采样器的测试脚本，然后从同一个程序中执行它。有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

如果我理解正确，您希望在 Java 程序中以编程方式运行整个测试计划。就个人而言，我发现创建一个测试计划 .JMX 文件并在 JMeter 非 GUI 模式下运行它更容易:)

这是一个基于原始问题中使用的控制器和采样器的简单 Java 示例。

import org.apache.jmeter.control.LoopController;
import org.apache.jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine;
import org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSampler;
import org.apache.jmeter.testelement.TestElement;
import org.apache.jmeter.testelement.TestPlan;
import org.apache.jmeter.threads.SetupThreadGroup;
import org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils;
import org.apache.jorphan.collections.HashTree;

public class JMeterTestFromCode {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        // Engine
        StandardJMeterEngine jm = new StandardJMeterEngine();
        // jmeter.properties
        JMeterUtils.loadJMeterProperties("c:/tmp/jmeter.properties");

        HashTree hashTree = new HashTree();     

        // HTTP Sampler
        HTTPSampler httpSampler = new HTTPSampler();
        httpSampler.setDomain("www.google.com");
        httpSampler.setPort(80);
        httpSampler.setPath("/");
        httpSampler.setMethod("GET");

        // Loop Controller
        TestElement loopCtrl = new LoopController();
        ((LoopController)loopCtrl).setLoops(1);
        ((LoopController)loopCtrl).addTestElement(httpSampler);
        ((LoopController)loopCtrl).setFirst(true);

        // Thread Group
        SetupThreadGroup threadGroup = new SetupThreadGroup();
        threadGroup.setNumThreads(1);
        threadGroup.setRampUp(1);
        threadGroup.setSamplerController((LoopController)loopCtrl);

        // Test plan
        TestPlan testPlan = new TestPlan("MY TEST PLAN");

        hashTree.add("testPlan", testPlan);
        hashTree.add("loopCtrl", loopCtrl);
        hashTree.add("threadGroup", threadGroup);
        hashTree.add("httpSampler", httpSampler);       

        jm.configure(hashTree);

        jm.run();
    }
}

依赖关系

这些是基于 JMeter 2.9 和使用的 HTTPSampler 所需的最小 JAR。 其他采样器很可能具有不同的库 JAR 依赖项。

• ApacheJMeter_core.jar
• jorphan.jar
• avalon-framework-4.1.4.jar
• ApacheJMeter_http.jar
• commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
• logkit-2.0.jar
• oro-2.0.8.jar
• commons-io-2.2.jar
• commons-lang3-3.1.jar

注意

• 在首先从 JMeter 安装 /bin 目录复制它之后，我还在 Windows 上的 c:\tmp 中硬连线了 jmeter.properties 的路径。
• 我不确定如何为 HTTPSampler 设置转发代理。

Answer 2

package jMeter;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.jmeter.config.Arguments;
import org.apache.jmeter.config.gui.ArgumentsPanel;
import org.apache.jmeter.control.LoopController;
import org.apache.jmeter.control.gui.LoopControlPanel;
import org.apache.jmeter.control.gui.TestPlanGui;
import org.apache.jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine;
import org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.control.gui.HttpTestSampleGui;
import org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerProxy;
import org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector;
import org.apache.jmeter.reporters.Summariser;
import org.apache.jmeter.save.SaveService;
import org.apache.jmeter.testelement.TestElement;
import org.apache.jmeter.testelement.TestPlan;
import org.apache.jmeter.threads.ThreadGroup;
import org.apache.jmeter.threads.gui.ThreadGroupGui;
import org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils;
import org.apache.jorphan.collections.HashTree;

public class JMeterFromScratch {

        public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {

            String jmeterHome1 = "/home/ksahu/apache-jmeter-2.13";
            File jmeterHome=new File(jmeterHome1);
//          JMeterUtils.setJMeterHome(jmeterHome);
            String slash = System.getProperty("file.separator");

            if (jmeterHome.exists()) {
                File jmeterProperties = new File(jmeterHome.getPath() + slash + "bin" + slash + "jmeter.properties");
                if (jmeterProperties.exists()) {
                    //JMeter Engine
                    StandardJMeterEngine jmeter = new StandardJMeterEngine();

                    //JMeter initialization (properties, log levels, locale, etc)
                    JMeterUtils.setJMeterHome(jmeterHome.getPath());
                    JMeterUtils.loadJMeterProperties(jmeterProperties.getPath());
                    JMeterUtils.initLogging();// you can comment this line out to see extra log messages of i.e. DEBUG level
                    JMeterUtils.initLocale();

                    // JMeter Test Plan, basically JOrphan HashTree
                    HashTree testPlanTree = new HashTree();

                    // First HTTP Sampler - open example.com
                    HTTPSamplerProxy examplecomSampler = new HTTPSamplerProxy();
                    examplecomSampler.setDomain("www.google.com");
                    examplecomSampler.setPort(80);
                    examplecomSampler.setPath("/");
                    examplecomSampler.setMethod("GET");
                    examplecomSampler.setName("Open example.com");
                    examplecomSampler.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, HTTPSamplerProxy.class.getName());
                    examplecomSampler.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, HttpTestSampleGui.class.getName());


                    // Second HTTP Sampler - open blazemeter.com
                    HTTPSamplerProxy blazemetercomSampler = new HTTPSamplerProxy();
                    blazemetercomSampler.setDomain("www.tripodtech.net");
                    blazemetercomSampler.setPort(80);
                    blazemetercomSampler.setPath("/");
                    blazemetercomSampler.setMethod("GET");
                    blazemetercomSampler.setName("Open blazemeter.com");
                    blazemetercomSampler.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, HTTPSamplerProxy.class.getName());
                    blazemetercomSampler.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, HttpTestSampleGui.class.getName());


                    // Loop Controller
                    LoopController loopController = new LoopController();
                    loopController.setLoops(1);
                    loopController.setFirst(true);
                    loopController.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, LoopController.class.getName());
                    loopController.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, LoopControlPanel.class.getName());
                    loopController.initialize();

                    // Thread Group
                    ThreadGroup threadGroup = new ThreadGroup();
                    threadGroup.setName("Example Thread Group");
                    threadGroup.setNumThreads(1);
                    threadGroup.setRampUp(1);
                    threadGroup.setSamplerController(loopController);
                    threadGroup.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, ThreadGroup.class.getName());
                    threadGroup.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, ThreadGroupGui.class.getName());

                    // Test Plan
                    TestPlan testPlan = new TestPlan("Create JMeter Script From Java Code");
                    testPlan.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, TestPlan.class.getName());
                    testPlan.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, TestPlanGui.class.getName());
                    testPlan.setUserDefinedVariables((Arguments) new ArgumentsPanel().createTestElement());

                    // Construct Test Plan from previously initialized elements
                    testPlanTree.add(testPlan);
                    HashTree threadGroupHashTree = testPlanTree.add(testPlan, threadGroup);
                    threadGroupHashTree.add(blazemetercomSampler);
                    threadGroupHashTree.add(examplecomSampler);

                    // save generated test plan to JMeter's .jmx file format
                    SaveService.saveTree(testPlanTree, new FileOutputStream(jmeterHome + slash + "example.jmx"));

                    //add Summarizer output to get test progress in stdout like:
                    // summary =      2 in   1.3s =    1.5/s Avg:   631 Min:   290 Max:   973 Err:     0 (0.00%)
                    Summariser summer = null;
                    String summariserName = JMeterUtils.getPropDefault("summariser.name", "summary");
                    if (summariserName.length() > 0) {
                        summer = new Summariser(summariserName);
                    }


                    // Store execution results into a .jtl file
                    String logFile = jmeterHome + slash + "example.jtl";
                    ResultCollector logger = new ResultCollector(summer);
                    logger.setFilename(logFile);
                    testPlanTree.add(testPlanTree.getArray()[0], logger);

                    // Run Test Plan
                    jmeter.configure(testPlanTree);
                    jmeter.run();

                    System.out.println("Test completed. See " + jmeterHome + slash + "example.jtl file for results");
                    System.out.println("JMeter .jmx script is available at " + jmeterHome + slash + "example.jmx");
                    System.exit(0);

                }
            }

            System.err.println("jmeter.home property is not set or pointing to incorrect location");
            System.exit(1);


        }
    }

Answer 3

截至 2020 年 8 月，您可以尝试使用此库：

• https://github.com/abstracta/jmeter-java-dsl

使用 Maven，添加到 pom.xml：

<dependency>
   <groupId>us.abstracta.jmeter</groupId>
   <projectId>jmeter-java-dsl</projectId>
   <version>0.1</version>
 </dependency>

示例代码：

 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static us.abstracta.jmeter.javadsl.JmeterDsl.*;

 import java.time.Duration;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.MimeTypes.Type;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import us.abstracta.jmeter.javadsl.TestPlanStats;

 public class PerformanceTest {

   @Test
   public void testPerformance() throws IOException {
     TestPlanStats stats = testPlan(
        threadGroup(2, 10,
        httpSampler("http://my.service")
           .post("{\"name\": \"test\"}", Type.APPLICATION_JSON)
     ),
      //this is just to log details of each request stats
     jtlWriter("test.jtl")
     ).run();
              assertThat(stats.overall().elapsedTimePercentile99()).isLessThan(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
  }

 }

Answer 4

我使用 JMeter Java Api 创建了一个简单的概念验证项目 具有 Maven 依赖项： https://github.com/piotrbo/jmeterpoc

您可以生成 JMeter 项目 jmx 文件并从命令行执行它 或者直接从java代码执行。

这有点棘手，因为 jmx 文件需要存在 'guiclass' 属性 对于每个 TestElement。 要执行 jmx，添加 guiclass 就足够了（即使值不正确）。 要在 JMeter GUI 中打开，需要为每个 guiclass 输入正确的值。

更烦人的问题是基于条件的流控制器。 JMeter API 并没有为您提供比 GUI 更多的功能。你还需要通过 condition 例如在IfController 中作为常规String。字符串应包含 javascript。所以你有基于 Java 的项目和 javascript，例如语法错误，在执行性能测试之前您不会知道：-(

可能更好的选择是保留代码和支持 IDE 而不是 JMeter GUI 学习 Scala 并使用 http://gatling.io/

Answer 5

在非 GUI 模式下运行要快得多。做了一个项目，在后端模式下使用 Jmeter，然后解析 XML 文件以显示测试结果。看看这个 repo-https://github.com/rohitjaryal/RESTApiAutomation.git