【问题标题】：E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?E: 无法获取 debconf 版本。是否安装了 debconf？
【发布时间】：2015-09-08 21:53:04
【问题描述】：

我在 ARMv8 架构的 QEMU 上运行 Debian。

root@debian:/home/kennedy# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libgcc1
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libgcc1
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/31.3 kB of archives.
After this operation, 114 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?
debconf: apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6:arm64:
 libc6:arm64 depends on libgcc1; however:
  Package libgcc1 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package libc6:arm64 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of multiarch-support:
 multiarch-support depends on libc6 (>= 2.3.6-2); however:
  Package libc6:arm64 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package multiarch-support (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 libc6:arm64
 multiarch-support
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我试过apt-get update 没问题。

root@debian:/home/kennedy# apt-get update
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie InRelease
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease 
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie/main Sources                               
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie/main arm64 Packages                        
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie/main Translation-en                        
Hit http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie-updates/main Sources                       
Get:1 http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie-updates/main arm64 Packages/DiffIndex [505 B]
Get:2 http://ftp.cn.debian.org jessie-updates/main Translation-en/DiffIndex [229 B]
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease                        
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Sources
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main arm64 Packages
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Translation-en
Fetched 734 B in 9s (80 B/s)                                                   
Reading package lists... Done

而/var/backups 为空。

root@debian:/home/kennedy# uname -a
Linux debian 3.16.0-4-arm64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt11-1 (2015-05-24) aarch64 GNU/Linux

当我运行 apt-get install debconf 时，它会显示：

root@debian:/home/kennedy# apt-get install debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 debconf : PreDepends: perl-base (>= 5.6.1-4) but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: apt-utils (>= 0.5.1) but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: debconf-i18n but it is not going to be installed
 libc6 : Depends: libgcc1 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

【问题讨论】：

重复错误信息：debconf 安装了吗？
它提示我尝试apt-get -f install

标签： ubuntu debian qemu apt-get

【解决方案1】：

@kennedy 我也遇到了同样的问题；

这是什么意思？

意味着你 / Ubuntu 搞砸了 debian 配置；它更像是一个地方/数据库，其中包含系统中安装了哪些软件包/系统工具或软件的所有信息

需要做什么？

只要按照以下步骤就可以了

第 1 步：检查是否检查了相关 PPA，如下面的链接所述 https://askubuntu.com/questions/140246/how-do-i-resolve-unmet-dependencies-after-adding-a-ppa

第 2 步：使用以下链接修复损坏的软件包系统： https://askubuntu.com/questions/322084/package-system-is-broken

第 3 步：尝试以 root 身份运行这些命令

apt-get 更新

轻松搞定

apt-get install -fy

dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb

dpkg --configure -a

apt-get install -fy

如果没有任何效果，您可能需要执行备份并重新安装 Ubuntu

或

如以下链接所述破解它

第 4 步：修复安装包时出现的问题 https://askubuntu.com/questions/220649/problem-installing-packages/485293#485293

第 5 步：清理、更新和 Dist 升级 apt-get 更新

轻松搞定

apt-get install -fy

dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb

dpkg --configure -a

apt-get install -fy

apt-get dist-upgrade

如果终端提示 Y / N 等问题...始终选择以大写字母突出显示的默认选项；很可能是 N。直到并且除非你真的确定你在做什么

apt-get dist-upgrade 会将您的操作系统升级到下一个发行版

【讨论】：

删除所有 PPA，sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/locksudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/locksudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock 然后注销并登录，sudo apt-get update 解决我的问题。

【解决方案2】：

@kennedy 更新旧帖子，如果您是一个完整的新手并且只想完成它，请继续执行以下命令

dpkg-reconfigure debconf

最好的选择是，选择非交互式，然后在下一个屏幕上选择关键

完成后，

for pkg in $(dpkg-query --show | awk '{print $1}'); do echo ; echo "--> $pkg" ; echo ; dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive --priority=critical $pkg < /dev/null ; done

【讨论】：