Mosquitto 2.0 配置仍然无法在 Raspberry Pi 上运行

Question

我在作为代理和客户端的同一 Raspberry Pi Bullseye (3 A+) 上运行 MQTT 服务器 mosquitto 版本 2.0.11。我有代码工作，但明白需要修改 .conf 文件才能让事情正常工作。我一定还是不明白，因为这是我的文件：

# I had pid_file /run/mosquitto/mosquitto.pid below, but changed this when docs suggested below should be included if running automatically when device boots, which it will be.
pid_file /var/run/mosquitto/mosquitto.pid

persistence true
persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/

log_dest file /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log

include_dir /etc/mosquitto/conf.d

listener 1883
allow_anonymous true

现在当我尝试像这样运行 mosquitto 时：

mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf

我收到此错误：

1637370455: Loading config file /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf
1637370455: Error: Duplicate pid_file value in configuration.
1637370455: Error found at /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf:7.
1637370455: Error found at /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf:14.

第 7 行是pid_file /var/run/mosquitto/mosquitto.pid 第 14 行是include_dir /etc/mosquitto/conf.d

我可以使用 localhost 进行基本的 pub 和 sub 测试，但主机名仍然没有运气。是的，我知道您应该使用安全性，但我有一个通过本地 WiFi 控制机器人的应用程序，并且希望在不更改该组件的情况下保留应用程序的使用。

任何帮助我回到正轨，让 Mosquitto 经纪人和客户在同一个 pi 上工作，允许匿名访问和运行，非常感谢。我已经浏览了文档、示例文件，并参考了史蒂夫的其他教程，但正确的配置仍然不清楚。谢谢！

Answer 1

首先，无法打开 pid 或日志文件的错误是因为您以普通用户（可能是 pi）运行 mosquitto。此用户无权读取/写入 /var/run 或 /var/log 中的文件，因此当您尝试“手动”运行它时会失败。

你没有说你是如何安装 2.0.11 的，因为 Bullseys 捆绑的默认版本仍然是 1.5.x 版本。假设您使用了 mosquitto.org 存储库，那么 mosquitto 服务将已安装和配置。它会自动选择/etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf 处的默认配置文件，如下所示：

$ sudo service mosquitto status
● mosquitto.service - Mosquitto MQTT Broker
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mosquitto.service; enabled; vendor preset
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2021-10-31 17:28:52 GMT; 2 weeks 5 days ag
     Docs: man:mosquitto.conf(5)
           man:mosquitto(8)
  Process: 499 ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -m 740 -p /var/log/mosquitto (code=exited
  Process: 505 ExecStartPre=/bin/chown mosquitto /var/log/mosquitto (code=exited
  Process: 507 ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -m 740 -p /run/mosquitto (code=exited, st
  Process: 510 ExecStartPre=/bin/chown mosquitto /run/mosquitto (code=exited, st
  Process: 25679 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCE
 Main PID: 511 (mosquitto)
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 2181)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mosquitto.service
           └─511 /usr/sbin/mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

Nov 19 00:00:10 www systemd[1]: Reloading Mosquitto MQTT Broker.
Nov 19 00:00:10 www systemd[1]: Reloaded Mosquitto MQTT Broker.
Warning: Journal has been rotated since unit was started. Log output is incomple

启用从其他计算机访问的最简单方法是执行以下操作：

• 将默认配置文件重置为安装时的状态

   # Place your local configuration in /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/
   #
   # A full description of the configuration file is at
   # /usr/share/doc/mosquitto/examples/mosquitto.conf.example
  
   pid_file /var/run/mosquitto/mosquitto.pid
  
   persistence true
   persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/
  
   log_dest file /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log
  
   port 1883
  
   include_dir /etc/mosquitto/conf.d
  

• 在/etc/mosquitto/conf.d 中创建一个新文件，例如叫connect.conf

   listener 1883
  
   allow_anonymous true
  

• 用sudo service mosquitto restart重启服务