为 XML 指定命名空间的本地相对路径

Question

我在引用加载的 XML 文件中使用的架构文件时遇到问题。架构文件位于folder="C:\Users\zander\Desktop\20211112094529\Recipe\RECIPEs\Data\Sequences\"，因为 XML 文件位于多个子文件夹中，我不想将架构文件复制到每个子文件夹中。

我找到的所有示例都与http... 位置有关，谁能帮我参考本地文件夹？

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SEQUENCE Format="2.0" Name="hardware\bbx" xmlns="x-schema:sequence_schema.xml">
  <PASSPORT Frozen="No" Type="Production" AccessModifyGroups="All" AccessDisplayGroups="All" 
   Version="1.0" ReviseTime="28/11/2018 11:36:13.384" Revisor="Wesley" CreateTime="11/01/2012 
   17:38:14.765" Creator="Wes" Description="">
    <CUSTOM>
      <CUSTOM_PARAM Name="SendLotEndSignal" Value="0"/>
    </CUSTOM>
  </PASSPORT>
  <STEPS>
    <STEP SeqEndCleanRecipe="NO_RECIPE" Recipe="STANDARD\205C" Chambers="B2B35" SectionName="Steps">
      <CUSTOM>
        <CUSTOM_PARAM Name="Type" Value="PAAP"/>
        <CUSTOM_PARAM Name="Block" Value="B2"/>
      </CUSTOM>
    </STEP>
    <STEP SeqEndCleanRecipe="NO_RECIPE" Recipe="STANDARD\110C" Chambers="B2B14" SectionName="Steps">
      <CUSTOM>
        <CUSTOM_PARAM Name="Type" Value="PAHP"/>
        <CUSTOM_PARAM Name="Block" Value="B2"/>
      </CUSTOM>
    </STEP>
  </STEPS>
</SEQUENCE>

这是我正在使用的代码（已更新为全新代码）。当我将架构文件复制到与 XML 相同的文件夹时，代码可以完美运行，它可以正常工作，但我不想这样做，因为我有很多子文件夹：

Option Explicit

'Sub ReadAllXML(Ffolder As String)
Sub ReadAllXML()
Dim Ffolder As String

    Dim FilePath, XMLFileName, RecipeID As String
    Dim main_folder As String
    Dim oXMLFile, Recipe As Object
    Dim Col, NumberOfElements, LastRow As Long
    Dim n As Object
    Dim RecipeName, ChamberName, UnitKind, BlockName As String
    Dim strtxt, Fromtxt, FromPos, PathWithoutSequences, FirstFolder As String
    Dim wks As Worksheet
    
    'main folder is the folder where the schema file is stored
    main_folder = "C:\Users\zander\Desktop\20211112094529\Recipe\RECIPEs\Data\Sequences\"
    'Ffolder are different folders where all the XML files are stored
    Ffolder = "C:\Users\zander\Desktop\20211112094529\Recipe\RECIPEs\Data\Sequences\Subfolder1\subfolder2\"
    
    Set oXMLFile = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")
    Set wks = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
    
    XMLFileName = Dir(Ffolder & "*.xml")
    
        If XMLFileName <> "" Then
            
            FilePath = Ffolder & XMLFileName
           ' Namespace = "xmlns=x-schema:sequence_schema.xml" "xsi:schemaLocation=""file:///C:\Users\zander\Desktop\20211112094529\Recipe\RECIPEs\Data\Sequences\sequence_schema.xml""
           
            oXMLFile.Load FilePath
            'oXMLFile.SetProperty "SelectionLanguage", "XPath"
            'oXMLFile.SetProperty "SelectionNamespaces", "xmlns=x-schema:sequence_schema.xml"
            
            'oXMLFile.resolveExternals = False
            'oXMLFile.validateOnParse = False
            
            Debug.Print oXMLFile.parseError.ErrorCode & "   " & oXMLFile.parseError.reason & "    " & oXMLFile.parseError.Line
                          
            'Set elements = oXMLFile.getElementsByTagName("STEP")
            'RecipeName = oXMLFile.SelectSingleNode("//STEP").Attributes.getNamedItem("Recipe").Text
            'BlockName = oXMLFile.SelectSingleNode("//STEP/CUSTOM").Attributes.getNamedItem("CUSTOM_PARAM").Text

            Col = 10
            NumberOfElements = oXMLFile.getElementsByTagName("STEP").Length
        
            With wks
                LastRow = wks.Cells(wks.Rows.Count, "C").End(xlUp).Row + 1
                    strtxt = FilePath
                    Fromtxt = "Sequences"
                    'Totxt = "test"
                    FromPos = InStr(strtxt, Fromtxt)
                    'ToPos = InStr(strtxt, Totxt)
                    'extract the text string between the two words
                    'ExtractStr = Mid(strtxt, FromPos + Len(Fromtxt), ToPos - FromPos - Len(Fromtxt))
         
                    PathWithoutSequences = Right(strtxt, Len(strtxt) - FromPos - 9)
                    FirstFolder = Left(PathWithoutSequences, Len(PathWithoutSequences) - Len(XMLFileName) - 1)
                    
                        .Cells(LastRow, 3) = FirstFolder
                        .Cells(LastRow, 8) = XMLFileName
                
                
                For Each n In oXMLFile.SelectNodes("//STEP")
                        RecipeName = n.Attributes.getNamedItem("Recipe").Text
                        ChamberName = n.Attributes.getNamedItem("Chambers").Text
                        UnitKind = n.ChildNodes(0).ChildNodes(0).Attributes.getNamedItem("Value").Text
                        BlockName = n.ChildNodes(0).ChildNodes(1).Attributes.getNamedItem("Value").Text
                           
                        .Cells(LastRow, Col) = RecipeName
                        .Cells(LastRow, Col + 1) = ChamberName
                        .Cells(LastRow, Col + 2) = UnitKind
                        .Cells(LastRow, Col + 3) = BlockName
                        Col = Col + 4
                 Next
             End With
                            
        End If

End Sub

Answer 1

这里有几个关键概念：

1. xmlns="x-schema:sequence_schema.xml" 不是提示 XSD 位置的方法。了解如何使用schemaLocation 以及以下 Q/A 中描述的支持材料：

   • How to link XML to XSD using schemaLocation or noNamespaceSchemaLocation?
   • Must an XML namespace name URI be retrievable?
   • How to reference a local XML Schema file correctly?
   • xmlns, xmlns:xsi, xsi:schemaLocation, and targetNamespace?

2. 您的 XPath 必须考虑默认命名空间（当前为 xmlns="x-schema:sequence_schema.xml"）：请参阅此 Q/A 中的 VBA 条目，其中解释了如何在 XPath 表达式及其托管评估库/工具中指定 XML 命名空间：

   • How does XPath deal with XML namespaces?