我不明白您为什么会遇到问题,但我已经使用 NetBeans 8.2(File > New Project...> Java Web > Web Application)创建了 Web 项目,并且成功改变了上下文,所以如果我提供我的项目的详细信息,你可能会发现关键的不同之处。
1 cat_tiger\web\META-INF\context.xml
我的文件和你的一模一样:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context copyXML="true" docBase="cat_tiger" path="/cat/lion"/>
[2] 运行输出
选择项目节点,右键在弹出菜单中选择运行,在Tomcat 8.5上运行:
ant -f D:\\NB82\\cat_tiger -Dnb.internal.action.name=run -Ddirectory.deployment.supported=true -DforceRedeploy=false -Dnb.wait.for.caches=true -Dbrowser.context=D:\\NB82\\cat_tiger -Duser.properties.file=C:\\Users\\johndoe\\AppData\\Roaming\\NetBeans\\8.2\\build.properties run
init:
deps-module-jar:
deps-ear-jar:
deps-jar:
library-inclusion-in-archive:
library-inclusion-in-manifest:
compile:
compile-jsps:
In-place deployment at D:\NB82\cat_tiger\build\web
Deployment is in progress...
deploy?config=file%3A%2FC%3A%2FUsers%2Fjohndoe%2FAppData%2FLocal%2FTemp%2Fcontext7953615149857268018.xml&path=/cat/lion
OK - Deployed application at context path [/cat/lion]
Start is in progress...
start?path=/cat/lion
OK - Started application at context path [/cat/lion]
run-deploy:
Browsing: http://localhost:8080/cat/lion
run-display-browser:
run:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 0 seconds)
实际上,您可能不需要运行应用程序就能看到问题;只需从弹出菜单中选择 Deploy 而不是 Run。这是我从 Deploy 得到的输出:
ant -f D:\\NB82\\cat_tiger -Dnb.internal.action.name=redeploy -Ddirectory.deployment.supported=true -DforceRedeploy=true -Dnb.wait.for.caches=true -Dbrowser.context=D:\\NB82\\cat_tiger -Duser.properties.file=C:\\Users\\johndoe\\AppData\\Roaming\\NetBeans\\8.2\\build.properties run-deploy
init:
deps-module-jar:
deps-ear-jar:
deps-jar:
library-inclusion-in-archive:
library-inclusion-in-manifest:
compile:
compile-jsps:
Undeploying ...
undeploy?path=/cat_tiger
OK - Undeployed application at context path [/cat_tiger]
In-place deployment at D:\NB82\cat_tiger\build\web
Deployment is in progress...
deploy?config=file%3A%2FC%3A%2FUsers%2Fjohndoe%2FAppData%2FLocal%2FTemp%2Fcontext5063723197082921373.xml&path=/cat/lion
OK - Deployed application at context path [/cat/lion]
Start is in progress...
start?path=/cat/lion
OK - Started application at context path [/cat/lion]
run-deploy:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 0 seconds)
[3] Tomcat 日志
这是 Tomcat 日志中的部署详细信息,您可以在其中看到我的部署正确显示了上下文,而您的则没有:
05-Sep-2018 23:09:09.321 INFO [http-nio-8080-exec-6] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor Deploying configuration descriptor [C:\apache-tomcat-8.5.20\conf\Catalina\localhost\cat#lion.xml]
05-Sep-2018 23:09:09.334 INFO [http-nio-8080-exec-6] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor Deployment of configuration descriptor [C:\apache-tomcat-8.5.20\conf\Catalina\localhost\cat#lion.xml] has finished in [13] ms
05-Sep-2018 23:09:09.338 INFO [http-nio-8080-exec-5] org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start The start() method was called on component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/cat/lion]] after start() had already been called. The second call will be ignored.
[4] C:\apache-tomcat-8.5.20\conf\Catalina\localhost\cat#lion.xml
这是 Tomcat 在部署应用程序时创建的文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context copyXML="true" docBase="D:\NB82\cat_tiger\build\web" path="/cat/lion"/>
请注意,docBase 包含绝对路径。
[5] server.xml
这是全部内容。我正在使用Tomcat 8.5。请注意,<host> 元素与您的元素略有不同,但是当我将 copyXML="true" deployXML="true" 添加到 <host> 元素时(看起来像您的元素),一切都继续正常工作:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/>
<Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/>
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443" relaxedQueryChars="[]|{}^+\`"<>"/>
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/>
<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"/>
<Context docBase="C:\apache-tomcat-8.5.20\wtpwebapps\PlusServlet" path="/PlusServlet" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:PlusServlet"/>
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
2018 年 9 月 6 日更新:
忽略上面给出的答案!即使它碰巧适用于我的配置,但在 Tomcat 文档中明确禁止该方法。
具体来说,path 不应在应用程序 META-INF 目录中的 context.xml 文件的 <Context> 中指定.来自 Context Container 的 Common Attributes section of the Tomcat 8.5 documentation 中的 path 描述:
这个属性只能在静态定义上下文时使用
server.xml。在所有其他情况下,路径将从
用于 .xml 上下文文件或 docBase 的文件名。
即使在 server.xml 中静态定义一个 Context 时,这个属性
除非 docBase 不位于
主机的 appBase 或 deployOnStartup 和 autoDeploy 均为 false。如果
不遵守这条规则,很可能导致双重部署。