有多少种 SQL 子查询？

Question

为了了解可以关联哪些类型的子查询，我编写了如下所示的 SQL 查询。它显示了我能想到的 SQL select 语句可以包含的所有类型的子查询。

虽然下面显示的示例在 Oracle 12c 中运行，但我更愿意让这个问题与数据库无关。在下面的示例中，我包含了我能想到的所有 7 种类型的子查询：

with 
  daily_login as ( -- 1. Independent CTE [XN]
    select user_id, trunc(login_time) as day, count(*) from shopper_login
      group by user_id, trunc(login_time)
  ),
  frequent_user as ( -- 2. Dependent CTE [XN]
    select user_id, count(*) as days from daily_login group by user_id
    having count(*) >= 2
  ),
  referrer (frequent_id, id, rid, ref_level) as ( -- 3. Recursive CTE [XN]
    select fu.user_id, s.id, s.ref_id, 1 from frequent_user fu 
      join shopper s on fu.user_id = s.id
    union all
    select r.frequent_id, s.id, s.ref_id, r.ref_level + 1 from referrer r
      join shopper s on s.id = r.rid
  )
select s.id, s.name, r.id as original_referrer,
    ( -- 4. Scalar Subquery [CN]
    select max(login_time) from shopper_login l 
      where l.user_id = s.id and l.success = 1
    ) as last_login,
    m.first_login
  from shopper s
  join referrer r on r.frequent_id = s.id
  join ( -- 5. Table Expression / Inline View / Derived Table [XN]
    select user_id, min(login_time) first_login from shopper_login
      where success = 1 group by user_id
  ) m on m.user_id = s.id
  where r.rid is null
    and s.id not in ( -- 6. Traditional Subquery [CN]
      select user_id from persona
        where description = 'Fashionista'
          and id in ( -- 7. Nested subquery [CN]
            select user_id from users where region = 'NORTH')
    );

传说：

[C]: Can be correlated
[X]: Cannot be corretaled
[N]: Can include nested subqueries

我的问题是：

• 我得到了所有可能的类型吗？这些类型的子查询是否有替代名称？
• 我是否认为只有标量 (#4)、传统 (#6) 和嵌套 (#7) 子查询可以关联？
• 我认为表表达式和 CTE（#1、#2 和 #3）不能相关是否正确？ （但是，它们可以包含可以关联的嵌套子查询）

Answer 1

相关子查询：

FROM shopper s
...
AND EXISTS (SELECT *
            FROM otherTable t
            WHERE t.id = s.id)