【发布时间】:2011-12-06 14:24:22
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试生成所有可能的长度为 N 且总和为 S 的列表。我已经编写了一些代码来执行此操作,但是对于任何大的(特别是,我想要 N=5,S=100),我遇到内存溢出错误。
我正在寻找更好的解决方案,或者改进我的代码的方法,以便我可以在 N=5、S=100 上运行它。下面这两个程序协同工作,在嵌套列表中创建所有可能的数字组合,然后将它们重新加工成正确的格式。下面复制了一些示例输出。
我知道我的代码不是最好的。我是一名工程师(我知道,我知道),所以编码并不是我的专长。感谢您提供的任何帮助。
编辑:我只是想澄清一些事情。首先,列表中可以有零,列表可以包含相同数字的倍数,并且列表中数字的顺序很重要。
def nToSum(N,S):
''' Creates a nested list of all possible lists of length N that sum to S'''
if N <= 1: #base case
return [S]
else:
L = []
for x in range(S+1): #create a sub-list for each possible entry of 0 to S
L += [[x,nToSum(N-1,S-x)]] #create a sub-list for this value recursively
return L
def compress(n=[],L): #designed to take in a list generated by nToSum
'''takes the input from nToSum as list L, and then flattens it so that each list is a
top level list. Leading set n is the "prefix" list, and grows as you climb down the
sublists'''
if type(L[0]) == int: #base case: you have exposed a pure integer
return [n+L] #take that integer, and prepend the leading set n
else:
Q = []
for x in L: # look at every sublist
Q += compress(n+[x[0]],x[1]) # for each sublist, create top level lists recursively
return Q # note: append x[0] to leading set n
>>> nToSum(3,3)
[[0, [[0, [3]], [1, [2]], [2, [1]], [3, [0]]]], [1, [[0, [2]], [1, [1]], [2, [0]]]], [2, [[0, [1]], [1, [0]]]], [3, [[0, [0]]]]]
>>> compress([],nToSum(3,3))
[[0, 0, 3], [0, 1, 2], [0, 2, 1], [0, 3, 0], [1, 0, 2], [1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [2, 1, 0], [3, 0, 0]]
【问题讨论】:
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知道这与Partitioning a set有关可能对您有用。