在 Ruby 中解析 XML 标记的内容

Question

我有一个 XML，据我所知，它已经被标签解析了。我的目标是解析<GetResidentsContactInfoResult> 标签中的所有信息。在下面示例 xml 的这个标记中，这里有两条记录，每条记录都以 Lease PropertyId 键开头。如何遍历<GetResidentsContactInfoResult> 标签并打印出每条记录的键/值对？我是 Ruby 新手并使用 XML 文件，这是我可以用 Nokogiri 做的事情吗？

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   <soap:Body>
      <GetResidentsContactInfoResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
         <GetResidentsContactInfoResult>&lt;PropertyResidents&gt;&lt;Lease PropertyId="21M" BldgID="00" UnitID="0903" ResiID="3" occustatuscode="P" occustatuscodedescription="Previous" MoveInDate="2016-01-07T00:00:00" MoveOutDate="2016-02-06T00:00:00" LeaseBeginDate="2016-01-07T00:00:00" LeaseEndDate="2017-01-31T00:00:00" MktgSource="DBY" PrimaryEmail="noemail1@fake.com"&gt;&lt;Occupant PropertyId="21M" BldgID="00" UnitID="0903" ResiID="3" OccuSeqNo="3444755" OccuFirstName="Efren" OccuLastName="Cerda" Phone2No="(832) 693-9448" ResponsibleFlag="Responsible" /&gt;&lt;/Lease&gt;&lt;Lease PropertyId="21M" BldgID="00" UnitID="0908" ResiID="2" occustatuscode="P" occustatuscodedescription="Previous" MoveInDate="2016-02-20T00:00:00" MoveOutDate="2016-04-25T00:00:00" LeaseBeginDate="2016-02-20T00:00:00" LeaseEndDate="2017-02-28T00:00:00" MktgSource="PW" PrimaryEmail="noemail1@fake.com"&gt;&lt;Occupant PropertyId="21M" BldgID="00" UnitID="0908" ResiID="2" OccuSeqNo="3451301" OccuFirstName="Donna" OccuLastName="Mclean" Phone2No="(713) 785-4240" ResponsibleFlag="Responsible" /&gt;&lt;/Lease&gt;&lt;/PropertyResidents&gt;</GetResidentsContactInfoResult>
      </GetResidentsContactInfoResponse>
   </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

Answer 1

这使用 Nokogiri 查找所有 GetResidentsContactInfoResponse 元素，然后使用 Active Support 将内部文本转换为键值对的哈希。

• 阅读“sparklemotion/nokogiri”和“Tutorials”，了解如何安装和使用 Nokogiri。
• 阅读“Active Support Core Extensions”了解更多主动支持功能（尽管该指南不包括Hash.from_xml）。要安装它，只需执行gem install activesupport。

我假设你对 Nokogiri 没意见，正如你在问题中提到的那样。

如果您不想使用 Active Support，请考虑使用“Convert a Nokogiri document to a Ruby Hash”作为Hash.from_xml(elm.text) 行的替代方案：

# Needed in order to use the `Hash.from_xml`
require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions'

def find_key_values(str)
  doc = Nokogiri::XML(str)

  # Ignore namespaces for easier traversal
  doc.remove_namespaces!
  doc.css('GetResidentsContactInfoResponse').map do |elm|
    Hash.from_xml(elm.text)
  end
end

用法：

# Option 1: if your XML above is stored in a variable called `string`
find_key_values string

# Option 2: if your XML above is stored in a file
find_key_values File.open('/path/to/file')

返回：

[{"PropertyResidents"=>
   {"Lease"=>
     [{"PropertyId"=>"21M",
       "BldgID"=>"00",
       "UnitID"=>"0903",
       "ResiID"=>"3",
       "occustatuscode"=>"P",
       "occustatuscodedescription"=>"Previous",
       "MoveInDate"=>"2016-01-07T00:00:00",
       "MoveOutDate"=>"2016-02-06T00:00:00",
       "LeaseBeginDate"=>"2016-01-07T00:00:00",
       "LeaseEndDate"=>"2017-01-31T00:00:00",
       "MktgSource"=>"DBY",
       "PrimaryEmail"=>"noemail1@fake.com",
       "Occupant"=>
        {"PropertyId"=>"21M",
         "BldgID"=>"00",
         "UnitID"=>"0903",
         "ResiID"=>"3",
         "OccuSeqNo"=>"3444755",
         "OccuFirstName"=>"Efren",
         "OccuLastName"=>"Cerda",
         "Phone2No"=>"(832) 693-9448",
         "ResponsibleFlag"=>"Responsible"}},
      {"PropertyId"=>"21M",
       "BldgID"=>"00",
       "UnitID"=>"0908",
       "ResiID"=>"2",
       "occustatuscode"=>"P",
       "occustatuscodedescription"=>"Previous",
       "MoveInDate"=>"2016-02-20T00:00:00",
       "MoveOutDate"=>"2016-04-25T00:00:00",
       "LeaseBeginDate"=>"2016-02-20T00:00:00",
       "LeaseEndDate"=>"2017-02-28T00:00:00",
       "MktgSource"=>"PW",
       "PrimaryEmail"=>"noemail1@fake.com",
       "Occupant"=>
        {"PropertyId"=>"21M",
         "BldgID"=>"00",
         "UnitID"=>"0908",
         "ResiID"=>"2",
         "OccuSeqNo"=>"3451301",
         "OccuFirstName"=>"Donna",
         "OccuLastName"=>"Mclean",
         "Phone2No"=>"(713) 785-4240",
         "ResponsibleFlag"=>"Responsible"}}]}}]