【发布时间】：2019-06-30 17:01:34
【问题描述】：
我在 Windows 10 上运行 Msys2。我在 mingw-w64 和 mingw-i686 下安装了 Python 3.6。我有 Msys、mingw-w64 和 mingw-i686 的 gcc 工具链。
我尝试使用 pip3 安装 PyMc3。安装失败并显示以下消息。
$ pip3 安装 pymc3 收集pymc3
使用缓存 files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/ab/27936b914d4c1bc488c6f67abb94a851946ec3eae85b92f9039b35009a18/pymc3-3.6.tar.gz
收集 theano>=1.0.0（来自 pymc3） 使用缓存文件.pythonhosted.org/packages/7d/c4/6341148ad458b6cd8361b774d7ee6895c38eab88f05331f22304c484ed5d/Theano-1.0.4.tar.gz
收集 numpy>=1.13.0（来自 pymc3） 使用缓存文件.pythonhosted.org/packages/2b/26/07472b0de91851b6656cbc86e2f0d5d3a3128e7580f23295ef58b6862d6c/numpy-1.16.1.zip
收集 scipy>=0.18.1（来自 pymc3） 使用缓存文件.pythonhosted.org/packages/ea/c8/c296904f2c852c5c129962e6ca4ba467116b08cd5b54b7180b2e77fe06b2/scipy-1.2.0.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
non-existing path in 'numpy/distutils': 'site.cfg'
Could not locate executable g77
Could not locate executable f77
_configtest.c:1:5: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘exp’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
int exp (void);
^~~
In file included from _configtest.c:1:0:
/usr/include/python3.7m/Python.h:39:10: fatal error: crypt.h: No such file or directory
#include <crypt.h>
^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Running from numpy source directory.
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/setup.py:390: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command, proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
run_build = parse_setuppy_commands()
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:636: UserWarning:
Atlas libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
the ATLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:636: UserWarning:
Blas libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
the BLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:636: UserWarning:
Blas sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:636: UserWarning:
Lapack libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
the LAPACK environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:636: UserWarning:
Lapack sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
warnings.warn(msg)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/setup.py", line 415, in <module>
cmdclass = {'sdist': sdist_checked}
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/setup.py", line 407, in setup_package
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 171, in setup
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 140, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 163, in run
self.run_command("egg_info")
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/egg_info.py", line 26, in run
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 148, in run
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 165, in build_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 322, in build_extension_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 375, in generate_sources
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 423, in generate_config_h
try:
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 47, in check_types
Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 281, in check_types
# below and not standalone. Hence they're not added to good_commands.
SystemError: Cannot compile 'Python.h'. Perhaps you need to install python-dev|python-devel.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-pwea54zu/scipy/setup.py", line 492, in <module>
setup_package()
File "/tmp/pip-install-pwea54zu/scipy/setup.py", line 488, in setup_package
setup(**metadata)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 139, in setup
_install_setup_requires(attrs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 134, in _install_setup_requires
dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 514, in fetch_build_eggs
replace_conflicting=True,
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 777, in resolve
replace_conflicting=replace_conflicting
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1060, in best_match
return self.obtain(req, installer)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1072, in obtain
return installer(requirement)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 581, in fetch_build_egg
return cmd.easy_install(req)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 676, in easy_install
return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 702, in install_item
dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 887, in install_eggs
return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1155, in build_and_install
self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1141, in run_setup
run_setup(setup_script, args)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 253, in run_setup
raise
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 166, in save_modules
saved_exc.resume()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 141, in resume
six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/setup.py", line 415, in <module>
cmdclass = {'sdist': sdist_checked}
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/setup.py", line 407, in setup_package
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 171, in setup
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 140, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 163, in run
self.run_command("egg_info")
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/egg_info.py", line 26, in run
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 148, in run
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 165, in build_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 322, in build_extension_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-cj5c3ysb/numpy-1.16.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 375, in generate_sources
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 423, in generate_config_h
try:
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 47, in check_types
Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 281, in check_types
# below and not standalone. Hence they're not added to good_commands.
SystemError: Cannot compile 'Python.h'. Perhaps you need to install python-dev|python-devel.
虽然消息说“...你需要安装 python-dev | python-devel”，但这个 stackoverflow 响应（请参阅最后一条注释）表示 Msys2 没有单独的开发或开发库。
上面消息中说找不到的 Atlas、Blas 和 Lapack 库都在我的 Msys2 中。
我是使用 Msys2 的新手，所以我有点迷茫。提前致谢
【问题讨论】：
-
不幸的是，您似乎没有在这里得到答案。如果您暂时忍受我的意见：MSYS2 听起来麻烦多于它的价值。我不再运行 Windows，但曾经运行 Cygwin。如果我回到那个生态系统，我什至不会打扰这样的 POSIX 层，直接去Miniconda。这是一个干净、易于管理的解决方案，涵盖了大多数数据科学相关软件（及其依赖项）的安装。