【发布时间】：2017-09-15 01:46:49
【问题描述】：
我一直试图让这本字典在 Python 中工作，但我失败了。我在 SO 上找到了一些类似的解决方案，但我无法让它们工作。我很确定这与我调用函数的方式有关。我尝试将每个部分放入一个单独的函数中，但失败了。我仍然收到以下错误消息：
employee_dictionary = pickle.load(file)
EOFError: 输入用完
这是我的代码：
import pickle
import os.path
def main():
employee_dictionary = {}
if os.path.exists("employee.dat"):
file = open("employee.dat","rb")
employee_dictionary = pickle.load(file)
file.close()
else:
emp1 = Employee("Susan Myers", 47899, "Accounting", "Vice President")
emp2 = Employee("Mark Jones", 39119, "IT", "Programmer")
emp3 = Employee("Joy Rogers", 81774, "Manufacturing", "Engineer")
employee_dictionary = {emp1.get_ID_number(): emp1.get_name()+ '' + emp1.get_dept()+ '' + emp1.get_job_title(),\
emp2.get_ID_number(): emp2.get_name()+ '' + emp2.get_dept()+ '' + emp2.get_job_title(),\
emp3.get_ID_number(): emp3.get_name()+ '' + emp3.get_dept()+ '' + emp3.get_job_title()}
return employee_dictionary
employee_dictionary = main()
choice = 'y'
while choice.upper()== 'Y':
print("Make a selection from the following actions:")
print("Lookup an employee in the dictionary: 1")
print("Add a new employee to the dictionary: 2")
print("Change an existing employee's name, department, and job title in the dictionary: 3")
print("Delete an employee from the dictionary: 4")
print("Quit the program: 5")
selection = input("Make your selection: ")
if int(selection) == 1:
id_number = input("What is the employee's ID number?")
if int(id_number) in employee_dictionary.keys():
print(employee_dictionary[int(id_number)])
else:
print("The employee does not exist.")
else:
if int(selection) == 2:
id_number = input("What is the employee's ID number?")
if int(id_number) in employee_dictionary.keys():
print('That employee already exists.')
else:
name = input("Enter the name of the employee:")
dept = input("Enter the department of the employee:")
title = input("Enter the job title of the employee:")
emp4 = Employee(name,int(id_number), dept, title)
employee_dictionary[emp4.get_ID_number()]= emp1.get_name()+ '' + emp4.get_dept()+ '' + emp4.get_job_title()
print("The employee was added.")
else:
if int(selection) == 3:
id_number = input("What is the employee's ID number?")
if int(id_number) in employee_dictionary.keys():
name = input("Enter the name of the employee:")
dept = input("Enter the department of the employee:")
title = input("Enter the job title of the employee:")
emp4 = Employee(name,int(id_number), dept, title)
employee_dictionary[emp4.get_ID_number()]= emp1.get_name()+ '' + emp4.get_dept()+ '' + emp4.get_job_title()
print("The employee record has been updated.")
else:
print("Record not found.")
else:
if int(selection) == 4:
id_number = input("What is the employee's ID number?")
print("Deleted: ", employee_dictionary.pop(int(id_number),"Record not found."))
else:
if int(selection)!=5:
print("")
choice = input("Do you want to make another selection (y or n)?")
file = open('employee.dat','wb')
pickle.dump(employee_dictionary,file)
file.close()
这是原来的 Employee 类：
class Employee:
def __init__(self, name, ID_number, dept, job_title):
self.__name = name
self.__ID_number = ID_number
self.__dept = dept
self.__job_title = job_title
#set methods
def set_name(self,name):
self.__name = name
def set_ID_number(self,ID_number):
self.__ID_number = ID_number
def set_dept(self,dept):
self.__dept = dept
def set_job_title(self,job_title):
self.__job_title = job_title
#get methods
def get_name(self):
return self.__name
def get_ID_number(self):
return self.__ID_number
def get_dept(self):
return self.__dept
def get_job_title(self):
return self.__job_title
def main():
emp1 = Employee("Susan Myers", 47899, "Accounting", "Vice President")
emp2 = Employee("Mark Jones", 39119, "IT", "Programmer")
emp3 = Employee("Joy Rogers", 81774, "Manufacturing", "Engineer")
#A bunch of print statements go here
main()
【问题讨论】：
-
目录中是否有空的
employee.dat？假设较早的运行崩溃并留下一个空文件。下次您会收到此错误。因此，部分问题在于您希望如何处理损坏的 .dat 文件。您可以捕获异常，删除文件，然后在 else 子句中执行操作。为此，您需要稍微重构您的代码。 -
file = open('employee.dat','wb')有点冒险。假设转储中出现问题并且您得到一个空的或损坏的文件？您可以将其保存为不同的名称，并在您知道它已关闭时覆盖旧的 .dat。 -
问题不在于您的代码本身，而在于文件中的数据。自最初腌制以来，文件是否已被修改或损坏？您使用的 Python 版本是否与最初腌制文件的版本相同？默认字符编码（您正在使用的）是否与最初腌制文件的编码相同？最初的泡菜操作是否在没有被识别的情况下中途失败（即文件一开始就损坏/不完整）？
-
@tdelaney 我将是第一个承认我的 python 编码能力不够令人钦佩的人，所以我不确定它在哪里被损坏或如何处理损坏的 .dat。我发布了我认为应该调用该函数的原始员工类。
-
当我尝试删除 employee.dat 文件并再次运行它时，我收到 NameError: name 'Employee' is not defined 消息。它甚至不会重新创建 .dat 文件。
标签： python function dictionary