未找到 Ruby gem，但已安装

Question

当我尝试加载 Rails 控制台（或加载运行 Apache/Passenger 的网站）时，我收到一个错误，提示它无法加载我已经安装的 gem：

> 脚本/控制台 加载开发环境（Rails 2.3.8） 没有要加载的文件——authlogic /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:164:in `进程' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `每个' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' /usr/bin/irb:13 没有要加载的文件——机械师 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:164:in `进程' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `每个' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' /usr/bin/irb:13 没有要加载的文件——authlogic /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:169:在“进程”中 /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `每个' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' /usr/bin/irb:13 没有要加载的文件——机械师 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:169:在“进程”中 /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `每个' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' /usr/bin/irb:13 缺少这些必需的宝石： 授权逻辑 机械师 你正在运行： /usr/bin/ruby1.8 上的 ruby​​ 1.8.7.249 /var/lib/gems/1.8 中的 ruby​​gems 1.3.5 运行 rake gems:install 来安装缺少的 gem。

所以，我按照以下说明安装 gems：

> sudo rake 宝石：安装 --trace （在 /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console 中） 弃用警告：vendor/plugins/delayed_job/tasks、vendor/plugins/easy-fckeditor/tasks、vendor/plugins/jrails/tasks 和 vendor/plugins/restful_authentication/tasks 中的 Rake 任务已弃用。请改用 lib/tasks。 （从 /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/tasks/rails.rb:10 调用） ** 调用 gems:install (first_time) ** 调用 gems:base (first_time) ** 执行 gems:base ** 调用环境（first_time） ** 执行环境 ** 执行 gems:install

它没有安装任何东西，所以我检查了我的 gem 环境以获得良好的测量：

> 宝石环境 RubyGems 环境： - 红宝石版本：1.3.5 - 红宝石版本：1.8.7（2010-01-10 补丁级别 249）[i486-linux] - 安装目录：/var/lib/gems/1.8 - 红宝石可执行文件：/usr/bin/ruby1.8 - 可执行目录：/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin - 红宝石平台： - 红宝石 - x86-linux - 宝石路径： - /var/lib/gems/1.8 - 宝石配置： - :update_sources => 真 - ：详细 => 真 - ：基准 => 假 - ：回溯 => 假 - :bulk_threshold => 1000 - “宝石” => “--no-ri --no-rdoc” - :sources => ["http://gemcutter.org", "http://gems.github.com"] - 远程资源： - http://gemcutter.org - http://gems.github.com > 哪颗宝石 /usr/bin/gem > ls -al /usr/bin/gem lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 2010-07-14 11:29 /usr/bin/gem -> /etc/alternatives/gem > ls -al /etc/alternatives/gem lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2010-07-14 11:29 /etc/alternatives/gem -> /usr/bin/gem1.8 > ls -al /usr/bin/gem1.8 -rwxr-xr-x 1 根 545 2009-10-09 17:51 /usr/bin/gem1.8 > 回声 $PATH /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games > 回声 $GEM_PATH /var/lib/gems/1.8： > 哪个红宝石 /usr/bin/红宝石 > ls -al /usr/bin/ruby lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2010-07-13 19:54 /usr/bin/ruby -> ruby​​1.8 > ls -al /usr/bin/ruby1.8 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5488 2010-03-19 10:53 /usr/bin/ruby1.8 > /usr/bin/ruby -v ruby 1.8.7 (2010-01-10 补丁级别 249) [i486-linux]

我还验证了宝石已安装：

> ls -al /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems | grep 授权逻辑 drwxr-xr-x 7 根根 4096 2010-08-03 12:14 authlogic-2.1.5 > ls -al /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems | grep 机械师 drwxr-xr-x 4 根根 4096 2010-08-03 12:14 机械师-1.0.6

所以，很明显我做错了什么，但我不确定还有什么要检查的。有什么建议吗？

谢谢。

Answer 1

“gem list | grep machinist”是否列出任何内容？您可以尝试运行“gem uninstall machinist”，然后运行“gem install machinist”

Answer 2

找到了。我忘记了我之前解压缩过 gem，所以我查看了我的 rails 项目的 vendor/gems，果然，authlogic 和机械师 gem 目录中都没有任何代码（尽管该目录确实存在并且包含 .规范文件）。所以，为了解决这个问题，我这样做了：

rake gems:unpack:dependencies
rake gems:build

验证我做了什么：

rake gems

现在script/console 和 Apache/Passenger 工作正常！