Capistrano 3 中的“不知道如何构建任务”错误

Question

我正在尝试通过遵循 DOCS 来学习使用 Capistrano 3，并且我编写了一个简单的任务来测试我的理解。

任务在lib/capistrano/tasks的默认task目录中创建：

  desc "Check status of web server"
    task :nginx_status do
      on roles(:web) do |host|
        execute 'service nginx status'
      end
    end

我的config/deploy/staging.rb 文件包含以下内容：

set :stage, :staging

role :web, "192.168.0.11"
role :app,  "192.168.0.11"
role :db, "192.168.0.11", primary:true

server '192.168.0.11', user: 'vagrant', roles: %w{web app}

Capfile

# Load DSL and Setup Up Stages
require 'capistrano/setup'

# Includes default deployment tasks
require 'capistrano/deploy'

# Loads custom tasks from `lib/capistrano/tasks' if you have any defined.
Dir.glob('lib/capistrano/tasks/*.rake').each { |r| import r }

我的deploy.rb 包含一个应用名称和一个指向 github 的 repo url。

当我运行cap staging nginx_status 时出现以下错误：

** Invoke staging (first_time)
** Execute staging
** Invoke load:defaults (first_time)
** Execute load:defaults
cap aborted!
Don't know how to build task 'nginx_status'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/task_manager.rb:62:in `[]'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:149:in `invoke_task'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.3.1/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/capistrano-3.2.1/lib/capistrano/application.rb:15:in `run'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/capistrano-3.2.1/bin/cap:3:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/cap:23:in `load'
/Users/H/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/cap:23:in `<main>'

我还注意到，如果我运行 cap -vT，则任务 nginx_status 不在列表中（？）

附带说明，SSH 密钥是否必须才能连接到远程服务器？

更新 1

我发现如果我将我的任务放在config/deploy.rb 中，它就可以工作。所以我现在的问题是你如何从任务目录运行任务？

更新 2

因此，根据 Capfile，tasks 目录由以下内容查看：

# Loads custom tasks from `lib/capistrano/tasks' if you have any defined.
Dir.glob('lib/capistrano/tasks/*.rake').each { |r| import r }

所以我将任务扩展名更改为.rake，它起作用了。但是文档说它应该是.cap

"We'll dive into those more later, but add those lines to a file in ./lib/capistrano/tasks, call it something like access_check.cap"

Answer 1

Take a look at this commit.

他们在 3 个月前从 .cap 切换到 .rake。

整个想法是使capistrano3 完全rake-compatible。只需为您的任务使用 .rake 扩展名。