【发布时间】:2017-05-09 04:10:06
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试编写使用 Jackson 序列化/反序列化对象的代码。
对象本质上是多态的:
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name")
@JsonSubTypes({
@Type(value = ComparableQuery.class),
@Type(value = CompositeQuery.class)
})
public abstract class BaseQuery {
private final Long characteristicId;
...
}
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name")
public class CompositeQuery extends BaseQuery {
private final String operator;
private final BaseQuery[] queries;
public CompositeQuery(Long characteristicId, Operator operator, BaseQuery... queries) {
super(characteristicId);
this.operator = operator.value;
this.queries = queries;
}
...
}
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name")
@JsonSubTypes({
@Type(value = EqualQuery.class),
@Type(value = GreaterOrEqualQuery.class),
@Type(value = GreaterQuery.class),
@Type(value = LessOrEqualQuery.class),
@Type(value = LessQuery.class)
})
public abstract class ComparableQuery extends BaseQuery {
private final Object value;
private final String comparisonOperator;
...
}
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name")
public class EqualQuery extends ComparableQuery {
public EqualQuery(Long characteristicId, Object value) {
super(characteristicId, value, "=");
}
}
我创建了一个Set<BaseQuery>,代码如下:
Set<BaseQuery> queries = new HashSet<>();
BaseQuery megapixelCharacteristicQuery = new CompositeQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), CompositeQuery.Operator.AND, new GreaterOrEqualQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), 10), new LessOrEqualQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), 50));
queries.add(megapixelCharacteristicQuery);
现在,当我尝试序列化对象时,我收到以下 JSON:
[
{
"characteristicId":391,
"operator":"AND",
"queries":[
{
"name":"GreaterOrEqualQuery",
"characteristicId":391,
"value":10,
"comparisonOperator":">="
},
{
"name":"LessOrEqualQuery",
"characteristicId":391,
"value":50,
"comparisonOperator":"<="
}
]
}
]
但是当我尝试反序列化 JSON 文档时,我收到以下异常:
com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: Unexpected token (END_OBJECT), expected FIELD_NAME: missing property 'name' that is to contain type id (for class com.example.decision.query.characteristic.BaseQuery)
at [Source: [{"characteristicId":391,"operator":"AND","queries":[{"name":"GreaterOrEqualQuery","characteristicId":391,"value":10,"comparisonOperator":">="},{"name":"LessOrEqualQuery","characteristicId":391,"value":50,"comparisonOperator":"<="}]}]; line: 1, column: 233] (through reference chain: java.util.HashSet[0])
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException.from(JsonMappingException.java:261)
由于某种原因,name 字段在 JSON 根对象中不存在。
如何解决?
更新
当我尝试仅序列化 megapixelCharacteristicQuery 对象时,它工作正常:
BaseQuery megapixelCharacteristicQuery = new CompositeQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), CompositeQuery.Operator.AND, new GreaterOrEqualQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), 10), new LessOrEqualQuery(megapixelCharacteristic.getCharacteristicId(), 50));
在这种情况下,Jackson 形成以下 JSON(带有正确的 "name":"CompositeQuery"):
{
"name":"CompositeQuery",
"characteristicId":391,
"operator":"AND",
"queries":[
{
"name":"GreaterOrEqualQuery",
"characteristicId":391,
"value":10,
"operator":">="
},
{
"name":"LessOrEqualQuery",
"characteristicId":391,
"value":50,
"operator":"<="
}
]
}
但是当megapixelCharacteristicQuery 放在HashSet<BaseQuery> 中时,序列化/反序列化仍然不起作用。
如何使它与 HashSet 一起工作?
此外,当我将defaultImpl = CompositeQuery.class 添加到JsonTypeInfo 注释时,即使使用HashSet,它也开始正常工作,例如:
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name", defaultImpl = CompositeQuery.class)
@JsonSubTypes({
@Type(value = ComparableQuery.class),
@Type(value = CompositeQuery.class)
})
public abstract class BaseQuery {
...
}
但这不是我的选择,因为我不知道在不同情况下应该使用哪种类型,所以我仍在寻找如何在我的 JSON 中正确提供 name 参数的解决方案。
【问题讨论】:
-
您是否检查过您尝试序列化的对象上是否设置了名称?
-
从我的问题可以看出,name字段只设置在嵌套对象上
-
但是由于某种原因,没有为
CompositeQuery对象设置名称字段,现在我不明白为什么.. -
如果没有在 Java 对象上设置,Jackson 不会在 JSON 中序列化该字段。 Jackson 将尝试通过将所有属性默认为强制反序列化,除非使用 @JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY) 注释标记,其中不会通过此异常。
-
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "name")注释应该自动向序列化对象添加一个额外的字段name,例如嵌套GreaterOrEqualQuery对象(请参阅我的问题中的JSON)。但是由于他的所有者的一些未知原因,此属性不存在 -CompositeQuery
标签: java json serialization jackson