Laravel：自定义或扩展通知 - 数据库模型

Question

恕我直言，当前在 Laravel 中保存通知的数据库通道设计非常糟糕：

• 例如，您不能在项目上使用外键级联来清理已删除项目的通知
• 在data 列（强制转换为数组）中搜索自定义属性不是最佳选择

您将如何扩展供应商包中的 DatabaseNotification 模型？

我想将列 event_id、question_id、user_id（创建通知的用户）等添加到默认 laravel notifications 表中

如何覆盖send 函数以包含更多列？

在：

vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Notifications/Channels/DatabaseChannel.php

代码：

class DatabaseChannel
{
 /**
  * Send the given notification.
  *
  * @param  mixed  $notifiable
  * @param  \Illuminate\Notifications\Notification  $notification
  * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model
  */
 public function send($notifiable, Notification $notification)
 {
    return $notifiable->routeNotificationFor('database')->create([
        'id' => $notification->id,
        'type' => get_class($notification),

      \\I want to add these
        'user_id' => \Auth::user()->id,
        'event_id' => $notification->type =='event' ? $notification->id : null, 
        'question_id' => $notification->type =='question' ? $notification->id : null,
      \\End adding new columns

        'data' => $this->getData($notifiable, $notification),
        'read_at' => null,
    ]);
 }
}

Answer 1

创建自定义通知渠道：

首先，在 App\Notifications 中创建一个 Class 例如：

<?php

namespace App\Notifications;

use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;

class CustomDbChannel 
{

  public function send($notifiable, Notification $notification)
  {
    $data = $notification->toDatabase($notifiable);

    return $notifiable->routeNotificationFor('database')->create([
        'id' => $notification->id,

        //customize here
        'answer_id' => $data['answer_id'], //<-- comes from toDatabase() Method below
        'user_id'=> \Auth::user()->id,

        'type' => get_class($notification),
        'data' => $data,
        'read_at' => null,
    ]);
  }

}

其次，在Notification类的via方法中使用这个通道：

<?php

namespace App\Notifications;

use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;

use App\Notifications\CustomDbChannel;

class NewAnswerPosted extends Notification
{
  private $answer;

  public function __construct($answer)
  {
    $this->answer = $answer;
  }

  public function via($notifiable)
  {
    return [CustomDbChannel::class]; //<-- important custom Channel defined here
  }

  public function toDatabase($notifiable)
  {
    return [
      'type' => 'some data',
      'title' => 'other data',
      'url' => 'other data',
      'answer_id' => $this->answer->id //<-- send the id here
    ];
  }
}

Answer 2

创建并使用您自己的 Notification 模型和 Notifiable 特征，然后在您的（用户）模型中使用您自己的 Notifiable 特征。

App\Notifiable.php：

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable as BaseNotifiable;

trait Notifiable
{
    use BaseNotifiable;

    /**
     * Get the entity's notifications.
     */
    public function notifications()
    {
        return $this->morphMany(Notification::class, 'notifiable')
                            ->orderBy('created_at', 'desc');
    }
}

App\Notification.php:

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Notifications\DatabaseNotification;

class Notification extends DatabaseNotification
{
    // ...
}

应用\用户.php：

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use Notifiable;

    // ...
}

Answer 3

@cweiske response 的示例。

如果您确实需要扩展 Illuminate\Notifications\Channels\DatabaseChannel 而不是创建新频道，您可以：

扩展频道：

<?php

namespace App\Notifications;

use Illuminate\Notifications\Channels\DatabaseChannel as BaseDatabaseChannel;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;

class MyDatabaseChannel extends BaseDatabaseChannel
{
    /**
     * Send the given notification.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $notifiable
     * @param  \Illuminate\Notifications\Notification  $notification
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model
     */
    public function send($notifiable, Notification $notification)
    {
        $adminNotificationId = null;
        if (method_exists($notification, 'getAdminNotificationId')) {
            $adminNotificationId = $notification->getAdminNotificationId();
        }

        return $notifiable->routeNotificationFor('database')->create([
            'id' => $notification->id,
            'type' => get_class($notification),
            'data' => $this->getData($notifiable, $notification),

            // ** New custom field **
            'admin_notification_id' => $adminNotificationId,

            'read_at' => null,
        ]);
    }
}

并在应用容器上再次注册Illuminate\Notifications\Channels\DatabaseChannel：

app\Providers\AppServiceProvider.php

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Register any application services.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function register()
    {
        $this->app->bind(
            Illuminate\Notifications\Channels\DatabaseChannel::class,
            App\Notifications\MyDatabaseChannel::class
        );
    }
}

现在当Illuminate\Notifications\ChannelManager 尝试createDatabaseDriver 将返回您注册的数据库驱动程序。

更多一个选项来解决这个问题！

Answer 4

与“Bassem El Hachem”不同，我想在 via() 方法中保留 database 关键字。

因此，除了自定义DatabaseChannel，我还编写了自己的ChannelManager，它在createDatabaseDriver() 方法中返回我自己的DatabaseChannel。

在我的应用程序的 ServiceProvider::register() 方法中，我重写了原始 ChannelManager 类的单例以返回我的自定义管理器。

Answer 5

我通过自定义通知类解决了类似的问题：

为此操作创建类：

artisan make:notification NewQuestion

里面：

public function __construct($user,$question)
    {
        $this->user=$user;
        $this->question=$question;
    }


...

    public function toDatabase($notifiable){
        $data=[
            'question'=>$this->(array)$this->question->getAttributes(),
            'user'=>$this->(array)$this->user->getAttributes()
        ];

        return $data;
    }

然后您可以像这样访问视图或控制器中的适当数据：

@if($notification->type=='App\Notifications\UserRegistered')
<a href="{!!route('question.show',$notification->data['question']['id'])!!}">New question from {{$notification->data['user']['name']}}</a>
@endif