如何测试是否已创建 GTK+ 对话框？

Question

我已经使用 Wnck 来检查是否已经创建了这样的窗口：

    screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
    screen.force_update()  # recommended per Wnck documentation
    window_list = screen.get_windows()

    for window in window_list:
        print(window.get_name())
        if window.has_name():
            if window.get_name() == self.xld_main_window.get_title():
                window_found = True
                break
    assert window_found, 'The Gtk.Window named {window_name} has not been found.'\
        .format(window_name=self.xld_main_window.get_title())

    # clean up Wnck (saves resources, check documentation)
    window = None
    screen = None

但是，由于对话框没有显示在任务列表中，因此我无法以这种方式找到它们。检查它们是否显示（和模态/非模态）的适当方法是什么？

Answer 1

从Eye of Hell 的this answer 获取部分内容，其中说明了如何获取打开的窗口，您可以这样做：

from gtk import gdk

name = "MyDialog"

root = gdk.get_default_root_window()
matches = []
for id in root.property_get("_NET_CLIENT_LIST"):
    window = gdk.window_foreign_new(id)
    if window and window.property_get("WM_NAME")[2] == name:
        matches.append(window)

for match in matches:
    print(match, match.get_modal_hint())

Answer 2

Wnck.Screen.get_windows 方法返回所有窗口，包括对话框。没有区别，因为该函数返回当前映射的任何 Wnck.Window。来源是这样的：

* The #WnckScreen represents a physical screen. A screen may consist of
* multiple monitors which are merged to form a large screen area. The
* #WnckScreen is at the bottom of the libwnck stack of objects: #WnckWorkspace
* objects exist a #WnckScreen and #WnckWindow objects are displayed on a
* #WnckWorkspace.
*
* The #WnckScreen corresponds to the notion of
* <classname>GdkScreen</classname> in GDK.

GList*
wnck_screen_get_windows (WnckScreen *screen)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (WNCK_IS_SCREEN (screen), NULL);

  return screen->priv->mapped_windows;
}

其中screen->priv 指向struct，其中包含一些窗口列表（映射的、堆叠的）、指向活动窗口的指针等。一些WnckWindow 可以设置WNCK_WINDOW_DIALOG 并成为一个对话框。

WnckWindow 类还提供了一个函数transient_is_most_recently_activated()，用于了解在WnckTaskList 中选择时焦点是否应该转到瞬态子窗口，或者将瞬态窗口及其父窗口最小化。例如，要知道My Application 窗口是否有最近激活的瞬态：

screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
screen.force_update()  # recommended per Wnck documentation
window_list = screen.get_windows()

for window in window_list:
    if window.get_name() == 'My Application':
        print(window.transient_is_most_recently_activated())

下面的脚本将对话框捕获为其他映射窗口（无论它们是模态/非模态还是它们来自的应用程序）。

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('Wnck', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk, Wnck

class DialogExample(Gtk.Dialog):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        Gtk.Dialog.__init__(self, "My Dialog", parent, 0, #or Gtk.DialogFlags.MODAL
            (Gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL,
             Gtk.STOCK_OK, Gtk.ResponseType.OK))

        self.set_default_size(100, 100)

        label = Gtk.Label("This is a dialog to display additional information")

        box = self.get_content_area()
        box.add(label)
        self.show_all()

class DialogWindow(Gtk.Window):

    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Dialog Example")
        self.set_border_width(6)
        button = Gtk.Button("Open dialog")
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_clicked)
        self.add(button)

    def on_button_clicked(self, widget):
        dialog = DialogExample(self)
        response = dialog.run()

        if response == Gtk.ResponseType.OK:
            print("The OK button was clicked")
        elif response == Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL:
            print("The Cancel button was clicked")

        screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
        screen.force_update()  # recommended per Wnck documentation
        window_list = screen.get_windows()

        for window in window_list:
            print(window.get_name())

        window, window_list = (None,)*2
        screen = None

        dialog.destroy()

win = DialogWindow()
win.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
win.show_all()

window = None
screen = None
Gtk.main()

使用 Gdk 而不是 Wnck，您可以在稍低的级别上做同样的事情。