使用来自java的自动增量字段在mongodb中插入文档

Question

我正在尝试在一个事务中从 java 中插入一个具有序列号的文档。

类似的东西：

function getNextSequence(name) {
    var ret = db.counters.findAndModify(
        {
            query: { _id: name },
            update: { $inc: { seq: 1 } },
            new: true
        }
    );

    return ret.seq;
}
collection.insert({
    number: getNextSequence("userid"),
    name: "Some Name"
});

是否可以从 java 中执行此操作？最好用官方的java驱动。

Answer 1

根据creating an Auto-Incrementing Sequence Field 的文档，我们将其调整为在Java 中与Java MongoDB driver 一起使用。

示例实现：

import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.DB;
import com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import com.mongodb.DBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

public class TestAutoIncrement {

private final static String DB_NAME = "MyTestDB";
private final static String TEST_COLLECTION = "testCollection";
private final static String COUNTERS_COLLECTION = "countersCollection";

public static DBCollection testCollection;
public static DBCollection countersCollection;

public static void main(String[] args) {

    try {
        MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient();
        DB database = mongoClient.getDB(DB_NAME);
        testCollection = database.getCollection(TEST_COLLECTION);
        countersCollection = database.getCollection(COUNTERS_COLLECTION);
    } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    if (countersCollection.count() == 0) {
        createCountersCollection();
    }

    createTestCollection();
}

public static void createCountersCollection() {

    BasicDBObject document = new BasicDBObject();
    document.append("_id", "userid");
    document.append("seq", 0);
    countersCollection.insert(document);
}

public static Object getNextSequence(String name) {

    BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject("_id", name);
    BasicDBObject increase = new BasicDBObject("seq", 1);
    BasicDBObject updateQuery = new BasicDBObject("$inc", increase);
    DBObject result = countersCollection.findAndModify(searchQuery, null, null,
            false, updateQuery, true, false);

    return result.get("seq");
}

public static void createTestCollection() {

    BasicDBObject document = new BasicDBObject();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Sarah");
    testCollection.insert(document);

    document = new BasicDBObject();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Bob");
    testCollection.insert(document);

    document = new BasicDBObject();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Alex");
    testCollection.insert(document);
  }

}

必须特别注意findAndModify 方法。在 Java MongoDB 驱动程序 (2.12.4) 中，该方法具有 4 种不同的签名。
您必须使用一个可以让您传递query 对象、update 对象和returnNew 布尔值（必须设置为true）的方法。

这是因为，根据documentation:
默认情况下，返回的文档不包括对更新所做的修改。要返回对更新所做的修改的文档，请使用新选项。

我们需要返回对更新所做的修改的文档。

Answer 2

您不能在一个事务中执行此操作，甚至您的 javascript 示例在执行插入之前也会执行 findAndModify。

如果您希望将文档插入到集合中，并且该集合中的文档数量不断增加，您可以使用 count 方法并添加 1。

    final DBCollection col = db.getCollection("myCollection");
    col.insert(new BasicDBObject("number", col.count() + 1));

或者通过使用带有 findAndModify() 的单独“计数器”集合代替 count()

Answer 3

试试这个：

DBCollection collection = database.getCollection("testCollection");
// create an increment query
DBObject modifier = new BasicDBObject("counter", 1);
DBObject incQuery = new BasicDBObject("$inc", modifier);
// create a search query
DBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject("name", "someName");
// increment a counter value atomically
DBObject res = collection.findAndModify(searchQuery, incQuery);

Answer 4

正如 Alex 所写，但此代码适用于 3.x 版本

import com.mongodb.*;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;

public class TestAutoIncrement {

     private final static String DB_NAME = "MyTestDB";
     private final static String TEST_COLLECTION = "testCollection";
     private final static String COUNTERS_COLLECTION = "countersCollection";

     private static MongoCollection<Document> testCollection;
     private static MongoCollection<Document> countersCollection;

public static void main(String[] args) {

    MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient();
    MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase(DB_NAME);
    testCollection = database.getCollection(TEST_COLLECTION);
    countersCollection = database.getCollection(COUNTERS_COLLECTION);

    if (countersCollection.count() == 0) {
        createCountersCollection();
    }

    createTestCollection();
    mongoClient.close();
}

public static void createCountersCollection() {

    Document document = new Document();
    document.append("_id", "userid");
    document.append("seq", 1);
    countersCollection.insertOne(document);
}

public static Object getNextSequence(String name) {

    Document searchQuery = new Document("_id", name);
    Document increase = new Document("seq", 1);
    Document updateQuery = new Document("$inc", increase);
    Document result = countersCollection.findOneAndUpdate(searchQuery, updateQuery);

    return result.get("seq");
}

public static void createTestCollection() {

    Document document = new Document();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Dinah");
    testCollection.insertOne(document);

    document = new Document();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Jonny");
    testCollection.insertOne(document);

    document = new Document();
    document.append("_id", getNextSequence("userid"));
    document.append("name", "Brody");
    testCollection.insertOne(document);
}

}