[Python 3.Docs]: ctypes - A foreign function library for Python 包含解决此问题所需的一切。
我认为缺少的主要部分是 ctypes 类型的 in_dll 方法(访问从 dll 导出的值部分)。
除此之外,为了使用 C 数据,您需要让 Python 知道数据格式。这适用于:
-
结构。通过子类化
ctypes.Structure 定义 Python 对应项
- 函数指针(适用于您的情况)。使用
ctypes.CFUNCTYPE 定义它们
我准备了一个简化的示例来说明上述内容。请注意,为了简单起见,我没有进行任何错误处理(检查 NULL(您应该这样做))。 p>
c.h:
struct Data {
int i;
};
typedef struct {
int (* const fn1) (struct Data*, const char*);
} DataFn;
extern DataFn const DATAFUNC;
c.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include "c.h"
static int func1(struct Data *pData, const char *source) {
printf("From C - Data.i: [%d], source: [%s]\n", pData->i, source);
return -255;
}
DataFn const DATAFUNC = {&func1};
code00.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
from ctypes import c_int, c_char_p, Structure, CDLL, CFUNCTYPE, POINTER, byref
class Data(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("i", c_int),
]
fn1_type = CFUNCTYPE(c_int, POINTER(Data), c_char_p)
class DataFn(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("fn1", fn1_type),
]
def main():
data = Data(127)
dll = CDLL("./c.so")
data_func = DataFn.in_dll(dll, "DATAFUNC")
ret = data_func.fn1(byref(data), "abcd".encode())
print("DATAFUNC.fn1 returned {:d}".format(ret))
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform))
main()
输出:
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q049962265]> ls
c.c c.h code00.py
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q049962265]> gcc -shared -fPIC -o c.so c.c
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q049962265]> ls
c.c c.h code.py c.so
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q049962265]> objdump -t c.so | grep DATAFUNC
0000000000200e10 g O .data.rel.ro 0000000000000008 DATAFUNC
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q049962265]> python3 code00.py
Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
From C - Data.i: [127], source: [abcd]
DATAFUNC.fn1 returned -255