【发布时间】:2016-09-01 09:09:34
【问题描述】:
根据以下文章/SO 问题,我编写了一个单链表的小型实现,具有删除具有给定值的节点的功能:
http://grisha.org/blog/2013/04/02/linus-on-understanding-pointers/
How do pointer to pointers work in C?
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
typedef struct node
{
int val;
struct node* next;
} node;
node* newNode(int val)
{
node* n = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
n->val = val;
n->next = NULL;
return n;
}
void clean(node* head)
{
while (head)
{
node* curr = head;
head = head->next;
free(curr);
}
}
void append(node* head, int val)
{
if(head == NULL)
{
head = newNode(val);
return;
}
while (head->next)
head = head->next;
head->next = newNode(val);
}
void removeIf(node** head, int val)
{
//node **curr = head;
//while (*curr != NULL) {
// if ((*curr)->val == val) {
// node *next = (*curr)->next;
// free(*curr);
// *curr = next;
// } else {
// curr = &((*curr)->next);
// }
//}
node **pp = head; /* pointer to a pointer */
node *entry = *head;
while (entry) {
if (entry->val == val)
{
node* tmp = *pp;
*pp = entry->next;
free(tmp);
}
else
pp = &entry->next;
entry = entry->next;
}
}
int size(node* head)
{
int sz = 0;
while (head)
{
head = head->next;
++sz;
}
return sz;
}
void tests();
int main()
{
tests();
return 0;
}
/*
* Here are the tests for lists functionalities
*/
void tests()
{
{
node* root = newNode(1);
append(root, 1);
append(root, 1);
append(root, 1);
append(root, 2);
append(root, 3);
append(root, 5);
assert(size(root) == 7);
removeIf(&root, 1);
assert(size(root) == 3);
clean(root);
}
}
问题在于最后一行的removeIf() 函数(main.c:68):
entry = entry->next;
注释的代码有效,valgrind 没有抱怨,而未注释的代码有效,但 valgrind 抱怨如下:
==31665== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==31665== Copyright (C) 2002-2012, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==31665== Using Valgrind-3.8.1 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==31665== Command: ./a.out
==31665==
==31665== Invalid read of size 8
==31665== at 0x40067C: removeIf (main.c:68)
==31665== by 0x400785: tests (main.c:106)
==31665== by 0x4006C7: main (main.c:88)
==31665== Address 0x4c33048 is 8 bytes inside a block of size 16 free'd
==31665== at 0x4A06430: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:446)
==31665== by 0x400669: removeIf (main.c:63)
==31665== by 0x400785: tests (main.c:106)
==31665== by 0x4006C7: main (main.c:88)
==31665==
==31665==
==31665== HEAP SUMMARY:
==31665== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==31665== total heap usage: 7 allocs, 7 frees, 112 bytes allocated
==31665==
==31665== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==31665==
==31665== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==31665== ERROR SUMMARY: 4 errors from 1 contexts (suppressed: 6 from 6)
有人可以评论可能是什么问题吗?
【问题讨论】:
-
给
-的人可以评论吗? -
如果我不得不猜测,那是因为你的代码示例太多了。您还应该在代码中标记第 80、100、152 和 176 行。
-
对不起,我不是那个人,我正在审查你的代码。 @mch 此行用于回溯调用,只有第一行有真正的问题。
-
@mch 我已经把代码示例变小了。
-
只是路过的评论——
removeIf()中的 cmets 会很有礼貌。
标签: c pointers memory-management linked-list valgrind