从单个数据库中以 R 降价创建个人（逐行/每个参与者）pdf 报告

Question

我正在处理一项由 Qualtrics 主持的长期（280 个问题）调查。

作为我工作流程的一部分，我使用 qualtRics 包为 R 直接从 qualtrics 下载数据：

df<-fetch_survey("SV_xxxxxxxx", time_zone = "Europe/Berlin", force_request = T,
                 start_date = "2021-11-01", convert = F, label = T, include_display_order = F)

因此，我得到了一个类似于此的tbl_df：

df<-structure(list(StartDate = structure(c(1636487307, 1636487369
), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = "Europe/Berlin", label = c(StartDate = "Start Date")), 
    EndDate = structure(c(1636487364, 1636487424), class = c("POSIXct", 
    "POSIXt"), tzone = "Europe/Berlin", label = c(EndDate = "End Date")), 
    Status = structure(c("IP Address", "IP Address"), label = c(Status = "Response Type")), 
    IPAddress = structure(c("213.134.172.108", "213.134.172.108"
    ), label = c(IPAddress = "IP Address")), Progress = structure(c(100, 
    100), label = c(Progress = "Progress")), `Duration (in seconds)` = structure(c(57, 
    55), label = c(`Duration (in seconds)` = "Duration (in seconds)")), 
    Finished = structure(c(TRUE, TRUE), label = c(Finished = "Finished")), 
    RecordedDate = structure(c(1636487364, 1636487424), class = c("POSIXct", 
    "POSIXt"), tzone = "Europe/Berlin", label = c(RecordedDate = "Recorded Date")), 
    ResponseId = structure(c("R_29nRhq8tofKc2Us", "R_2uOJfVuxexKnO0J"
    ), label = c(ResponseId = "Response ID")), RecipientLastName = structure(c(NA, 
    NA), label = c(RecipientLastName = "Recipient Last Name")), 
    RecipientFirstName = structure(c(NA, NA), label = c(RecipientFirstName = "Recipient First Name")), 
    RecipientEmail = structure(c(NA, NA), label = c(RecipientEmail = "Recipient Email")), 
    ExternalReference = structure(c(NA, NA), label = c(ExternalReference = "External Data Reference")), 
    LocationLatitude = structure(c(52.2483978271484, 52.2483978271484
    ), label = c(LocationLatitude = "Location Latitude")), LocationLongitude = structure(c(21.0025939941406, 
    21.0025939941406), label = c(LocationLongitude = "Location Longitude")), 
    DistributionChannel = structure(c("anonymous", "anonymous"
    ), label = c(DistributionChannel = "Distribution Channel")), 
    UserLanguage = structure(c("EN", "EN"), label = c(UserLanguage = "User Language")), 
    name1 = structure(c("John", "Mary"), label = c(name1 = "First name")), 
    name2 = structure(c("Doe", "Jane"), label = c(name2 = "Birth Name")), 
    yob = structure(c(1982, 1964), label = c(yob = "Year of birth")), 
    mail = structure(c("mail@gmail.com", "mj@green.com"), label = c(mail = "e-mail:")), 
    Q5_1 = structure(c("Strongly disagree", "Strongly agree"), label = c(Q5_1 = "Some scales - question1")), 
    Q5_2 = structure(c("Somewhat disagree", "Strongly agree"), label = c(Q5_2 = "Some scales - question2")), 
    Q5_3 = structure(c("Neither agree nor disagree", "Somewhat agree"
    ), label = c(Q5_3 = "Some scales - question3")), q1 = structure(c("Yes", 
    "No"), label = c(q1 = "Example of a conditional item, where the YES answer leads to an other question;")), 
    q2 = structure(c("No", NA), label = c(q2 = "So... you clicked yes, right?")), 
    `pets#1_1_1` = structure(c("Dizzie", "no pet"), label = c(`pets#1_1_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 1 - name")), 
    `pets#1_2_1` = structure(c("Jumbo", NA), label = c(`pets#1_2_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 2 - name")), 
    `pets#1_3_1` = structure(c(NA, "no pet"), label = c(`pets#1_3_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 3 - name")), 
    `pets#2_1_1` = structure(c(3, 0), label = c(`pets#2_1_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 1 - age")), 
    `pets#2_2_1` = structure(c(NA, NA), label = c(`pets#2_2_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 2 - age")), 
    `pets#2_3_1` = structure(c(NA, "x"), label = c(`pets#2_3_1` = "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 3 - age")), 
    Q9 = structure(c("was super awesome, but im having problems with this report :/", 
    "i dont know what im doing here"), label = c(Q9 = "Decribe how you felt today:"))), row.names = c(NA, 
-2L), class = c("spec_tbl_df", 
"tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), column_map = structure(list(qname = c("StartDate", 
"EndDate", "Status", "IPAddress", "Progress", "Duration (in seconds)", 
"Finished", "RecordedDate", "ResponseId", "RecipientLastName", 
"RecipientFirstName", "RecipientEmail", "ExternalReference", 
"LocationLatitude", "LocationLongitude", "DistributionChannel", 
"UserLanguage", "name1", "name2", "yob", "mail", "Q5_1", "Q5_2", 
"Q5_3", "q1", "q2", "pets#1_1_1", "pets#1_2_1", "pets#1_3_1", 
"pets#2_1_1", "pets#2_2_1", "pets#2_3_1", "Q9"), description = c("Start Date", 
"End Date", "Response Type", "IP Address", "Progress", "Duration (in seconds)", 
"Finished", "Recorded Date", "Response ID", "Recipient Last Name", 
"Recipient First Name", "Recipient Email", "External Data Reference", 
"Location Latitude", "Location Longitude", "Distribution Channel", 
"User Language", "First name", "Birth Name", "Year of birth", 
"e-mail:", "Some scales - question1", "Some scales - question2", 
"Some scales - question3", "Example of a conditional item, where the YES answer leads to an other question;", 
"So... you clicked yes, right?", "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 1 - name", 
"Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 2 - name", "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 3 - name", 
"Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 1 - age", "Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 2 - age", 
"Click to write the question text - Pet - Pet 3 - age", "Decribe how you felt today:"
), main = c("Start Date", "End Date", "Response Type", "IP Address", 
"Progress", "Duration (in seconds)", "Finished", "Recorded Date", 
"Response ID", "Recipient Last Name", "Recipient First Name", 
"Recipient Email", "External Data Reference", "Location Latitude", 
"Location Longitude", "Distribution Channel", "User Language", 
"First name", "Birth Name", "Year of birth", "e-mail:", "Some scales", 
"Some scales", "Some scales", "Example of a conditional item, where the YES answer leads to an other question;", 
"So... you clicked yes, right?", "Click to write the question text", 
"Click to write the question text", "Click to write the question text", 
"Click to write the question text", "Click to write the question text", 
"Click to write the question text", "Decribe how you felt today:"
), sub = c("", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", 
"", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "question1", "question2", "question3", 
"", "", "Pet - Pet 1 - name", "Pet - Pet 2 - name", "Pet - Pet 3 - name", 
"Pet - Pet 1 - age", "Pet - Pet 2 - age", "Pet - Pet 3 - age", 
""), ImportId = c("startDate", "endDate", "status", "ipAddress", 
"progress", "duration", "finished", "recordedDate", "_recordId", 
"recipientLastName", "recipientFirstName", "recipientEmail", 
"externalDataReference", "locationLatitude", "locationLongitude", 
"distributionChannel", "userLanguage", "QID1_TEXT", "QID2_TEXT", 
"QID3_TEXT", "QID4_TEXT", "QID5_1", "QID5_2", "QID5_3", "QID6", 
"QID7", "QID8#1_1_1", "QID8#1_2_1", "QID8#1_3_1", "QID8#2_1_1", 
"QID8#2_2_1", "QID8#2_3_1", "QID9_TEXT"), timeZone = c("Europe/Berlin", 
"Europe/Berlin", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, "Europe/Berlin", NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), choiceId = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA)), row.names = c(NA, 
-33L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame")))

我想做的是创建一个 PDF 报告，其中包含每个用户的所有问题标签和相应的响应（按行） - 格式精美，便于阅读。

我遇到了这个问题：How to add text to each individual-exported PDF report in R or RMarkdown? 但想进一步修改生成的文件名，最终出错了。

文件名如我所愿，但是

1.打印的表格是水平而不是垂直的。 2.列名是打印出来的，不是列标签。

这是我生成 pdf 的代码

for(i in 1:nrow(df)){
  data <- slice(df, i)
  rmarkdown::render('test.Rmd',
                    output_file = paste(data$name2, "_", data$name2, "_", data$yob, "_", data$StartDate, 
                                        '.pdf', sep=''))
  i <- i + 1
}

还有test.Rmd

---
header-includes:
- \usepackage{booktabs}
- \usepackage{longtable}
- \usepackage{array}
- \usepackage{multirow}
- \usepackage{wrapfig}
- \usepackage{float}
- \usepackage{colortbl}
- \usepackage{pdflscape}
- \usepackage{tabu}
- \usepackage{threeparttable}
- \usepackage{threeparttablex}
- \usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
- \usepackage{makecell}
- \usepackage{xcolor}
title:  "Pacjent: `r data$name1` `r data$name2`" 
author: "YOB: `r data$yob`; e-mail: `r data$mail`" 
date: "date: `r data$StartDate`"
output:
  pdf_document:
  toc: false
editor_options: 
  chunk_output_type: console
---

```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo =FALSE)
```

```{r}
library(kableExtra)
library(strengejacke)
library(tidyverse)
```

```{r}
kbl(data, longtable = T, booktabs = T) %>% kable_styling(latex_options = c("repeat_header", "striped"), full_width = F) %>%
  column_spec(1, width = "10em") %>%
  column_spec(2, width = "30em")
```

Answer 1

Rmarkdown 文档有参数（params 在 yaml 标头中）。 在这里，它是一个列表，它是 df 的一行，因此是一个人。 此列表在框架准备好由 kable 打印后采用垂直对齐的长格式。 名称可以通过属性标签使用names(x) <- x %>% attr("label") 设置。

文件test.Rmd：

---
title:  "Pacjent: `r data$name1` `r data$name2`" 
author: "YOB: `r data$yob`; e-mail: `r data$mail`" 
date: "date: `r data$StartDate`"
params:
  data: NULL
output: pdf_document
---


```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE)

library(kableExtra)
library(tidyverse)

names(data) <- data %>% map(~ .x %>% attr("label"))
data %>%
  # list to long format table (vartically aligned)
  enframe() %>%
  mutate(value = value %>% as.character()) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "scale_down")

R - 代码：

for (i in 1:nrow(df)) {
  data <- slice(df, i) %>% as.list()
  rmarkdown::render("test.Rmd",
    params = list(data = data),
    output_file = paste(data$name2, "_", data$name2, "_", data$yob, "_", data$StartDate,
      ".pdf",
      sep = ""
    )
  )
}

示例结果：