dplyr left_join 小于，大于条件

Question

这个问题与Efficiently merging two data frames on a non-trivial criteria 和Checking if date is between two dates in r 问题有些相关。我在此处发布的请求是否存在该功能： GitHub issue

我希望使用dplyr::left_join() 加入两个数据框。我用来加入的条件是小于、大于，即<= 和>。 dplyr::left_join() 支持这个功能吗？或者键只在它们之间使用= 运算符。这很容易从 SQL 运行（假设我在数据库中有数据框）

这是一个 MWE：我有两个数据集，一年一次 (fdata)，而第二个是每五年发生一次的调查数据。因此，对于两个调查年份之间的fdata 中的所有年份，我都会​​加入相应的调查年份数据。

id <- c(1,1,1,1,
        2,2,2,2,2,2,
        3,3,3,3,3,3,
        5,5,5,5,
        8,8,8,8,
        13,13,13)

fyear <- c(1998,1999,2000,2001,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,
       1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,1998,1999,2000,2001,
       1998,1999,2000,2001,1998,1999,2000)

byear <- c(1990,1995,2000,2005)
eyear <- c(1995,2000,2005,2010)
val <- c(3,1,5,6)

sdata <- tbl_df(data.frame(byear, eyear, val))

fdata <- tbl_df(data.frame(id, fyear))

test1 <- left_join(fdata, sdata, by = c("fyear" >= "byear","fyear" < "eyear"))

我明白了

Error: cannot join on columns 'TRUE' x 'TRUE': index out of bounds 

除非left_join 可以处理该条件，但我的语法缺少什么？

Answer 1

一种选择是按行加入列表列，然后取消嵌套该列：

# evaluate each row individually
fdata %>% rowwise() %>% 
    # insert list column of single row of sdata based on conditions
    mutate(s = list(sdata %>% filter(fyear >= byear, fyear < eyear))) %>% 
    # unnest list column
    tidyr::unnest()

# Source: local data frame [27 x 5]
# 
#       id fyear byear eyear   val
#    (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl)
# 1      1  1998  1995  2000     1
# 2      1  1999  1995  2000     1
# 3      1  2000  2000  2005     5
# 4      1  2001  2000  2005     5
# 5      2  1998  1995  2000     1
# 6      2  1999  1995  2000     1
# 7      2  2000  2000  2005     5
# 8      2  2001  2000  2005     5
# 9      2  2002  2000  2005     5
# 10     2  2003  2000  2005     5
# ..   ...   ...   ...   ...   ...

Answer 2

data.table 从 v 1.9.8 开始添加非等连接

library(data.table) #v>=1.9.8
setDT(sdata); setDT(fdata) # converting to data.table in place

fdata[sdata, on = .(fyear >= byear, fyear < eyear), nomatch = 0,
      .(id, x.fyear, byear, eyear, val)]
#    id x.fyear byear eyear val
# 1:  1    1998  1995  2000   1
# 2:  2    1998  1995  2000   1
# 3:  3    1998  1995  2000   1
# 4:  5    1998  1995  2000   1
# 5:  8    1998  1995  2000   1
# 6: 13    1998  1995  2000   1
# 7:  1    1999  1995  2000   1
# 8:  2    1999  1995  2000   1
# 9:  3    1999  1995  2000   1
#10:  5    1999  1995  2000   1
#11:  8    1999  1995  2000   1
#12: 13    1999  1995  2000   1
#13:  1    2000  2000  2005   5
#14:  2    2000  2000  2005   5
#15:  3    2000  2000  2005   5
#16:  5    2000  2000  2005   5
#17:  8    2000  2000  2005   5
#18: 13    2000  2000  2005   5
#19:  1    2001  2000  2005   5
#20:  2    2001  2000  2005   5
#21:  3    2001  2000  2005   5
#22:  5    2001  2000  2005   5
#23:  8    2001  2000  2005   5
#24:  2    2002  2000  2005   5
#25:  3    2002  2000  2005   5
#26:  2    2003  2000  2005   5
#27:  3    2003  2000  2005   5
#    id x.fyear byear eyear val

您还可以在 1.9.6 中将其与 foverlaps 一起工作，但需要付出更多努力。

Answer 3

使用filter。 （但请注意，此答案不会产生正确的 LEFT JOIN；但 MWE 会使用 INNER JOIN 给出正确的结果。）

dplyr 包如果被要求合并两个表而没有要合并的东西会不高兴，所以在下面，我为此在两个表中创建一个虚拟变量，然后过滤，然后删除 dummy:

fdata %>% 
    mutate(dummy=TRUE) %>%
    left_join(sdata %>% mutate(dummy=TRUE)) %>%
    filter(fyear >= byear, fyear < eyear) %>%
    select(-dummy)

请注意，如果您在 PostgreSQL 中执行此操作（例如），查询优化器会看穿 dummy 变量，如以下两个查询说明所示：

> fdata %>% 
+     mutate(dummy=TRUE) %>%
+     left_join(sdata %>% mutate(dummy=TRUE)) %>%
+     filter(fyear >= byear, fyear < eyear) %>%
+     select(-dummy) %>%
+     explain()
Joining by: "dummy"
<SQL>
SELECT "id" AS "id", "fyear" AS "fyear", "byear" AS "byear", "eyear" AS "eyear", "val" AS "val"
FROM (SELECT * FROM (SELECT "id", "fyear", TRUE AS "dummy"
FROM "fdata") AS "zzz136"

LEFT JOIN 

(SELECT "byear", "eyear", "val", TRUE AS "dummy"
FROM "sdata") AS "zzz137"

USING ("dummy")) AS "zzz138"
WHERE "fyear" >= "byear" AND "fyear" < "eyear"


<PLAN>
Nested Loop  (cost=0.00..50886.88 rows=322722 width=40)
  Join Filter: ((fdata.fyear >= sdata.byear) AND (fdata.fyear < sdata.eyear))
  ->  Seq Scan on fdata  (cost=0.00..28.50 rows=1850 width=16)
  ->  Materialize  (cost=0.00..33.55 rows=1570 width=24)
        ->  Seq Scan on sdata  (cost=0.00..25.70 rows=1570 width=24)

使用 SQL 更简洁地执行此操作会得到完全相同相同的结果：

> tbl(pg, sql("
+     SELECT *
+     FROM fdata 
+     LEFT JOIN sdata 
+     ON fyear >= byear AND fyear < eyear")) %>%
+     explain()
<SQL>
SELECT "id", "fyear", "byear", "eyear", "val"
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM fdata 
    LEFT JOIN sdata 
    ON fyear >= byear AND fyear < eyear) AS "zzz140"


<PLAN>
Nested Loop Left Join  (cost=0.00..50886.88 rows=322722 width=40)
  Join Filter: ((fdata.fyear >= sdata.byear) AND (fdata.fyear < sdata.eyear))
  ->  Seq Scan on fdata  (cost=0.00..28.50 rows=1850 width=16)
  ->  Materialize  (cost=0.00..33.55 rows=1570 width=24)
        ->  Seq Scan on sdata  (cost=0.00..25.70 rows=1570 width=24)

Answer 4

这看起来像是 fuzzyjoin 包解决的任务。该包的各种功能的外观和工作方式类似于 dplyr 连接功能。

在这种情况下，fuzzy_*_join 函数之一将为您工作。 dplyr::left_join 和 fuzzyjoin::fuzzy_left_join 之间的主要区别在于，您使用 match.fun 参数提供了在匹配过程中使用的函数列表。请注意，by 参数的写法仍然与left_join 中的写法相同。

下面是一个例子。我用来匹配的函数分别是 >= 和 < 用于 fyear 到 byear 和 fyear 到 eyear 比较。

library(fuzzyjoin)

fuzzy_left_join(fdata, sdata, 
             by = c("fyear" = "byear", "fyear" = "eyear"), 
             match_fun = list(`>=`, `<`))

Source: local data frame [27 x 5]

      id fyear byear eyear   val
   (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl)
1      1  1998  1995  2000     1
2      1  1999  1995  2000     1
3      1  2000  2000  2005     5
4      1  2001  2000  2005     5
5      2  1998  1995  2000     1
6      2  1999  1995  2000     1
7      2  2000  2000  2005     5
8      2  2001  2000  2005     5
9      2  2002  2000  2005     5
10     2  2003  2000  2005     5
..   ...   ...   ...   ...   ...