我知道如何使用 GlobalMemoryStatusEx 获取系统内存使用情况，但这告诉我整个操作系统正在使用什么。
我真的希望我的程序报告它单独分配和使用了多少内存。
在我的 Delphi 2009 程序中是否有任何方法可以调用 Windows 函数或某些 FastMM 函数来找出仅由我的程序分配的内存？
重新审视我的问题，我现在已将我接受的答案更改为 @apenwarr 的 GetMemoryManagerState 答案。它产生的结果与我过去使用的 GetHeapStatus 函数（现已弃用）相同，而 GetProcessMemoryInfo.WorkingSetSize 给出了非常不同的结果。
【问题讨论】：
标签： delphi memory-management fastmm
您可以从 Delphi 运行时中获取有用的内存使用信息，而无需使用任何直接的 Win32 调用：
unit X;
uses FastMM4; //include this or method will return 0.
....
function GetMemoryUsed: UInt64;
var
st: TMemoryManagerState;
sb: TSmallBlockTypeState;
begin
GetMemoryManagerState(st);
result := st.TotalAllocatedMediumBlockSize
+ st.TotalAllocatedLargeBlockSize;
for sb in st.SmallBlockTypeStates do begin
result := result + sb.UseableBlockSize * sb.AllocatedBlockCount;
end;
end;
这种方法的最佳之处在于它被严格跟踪：当您分配内存时，它会上升，而当您释放内存时，它会立即下降相同的数量。我在运行每个单元测试之前和之后都使用它，所以我可以判断哪个测试正在泄漏内存（例如）。
【讨论】：
From an old blog post of mine.
想知道您的程序使用了多少内存？这个 Delphi 函数可以解决问题。
uses psAPI;
{...}
function CurrentProcessMemory: Cardinal;
var
MemCounters: TProcessMemoryCounters;
begin
MemCounters.cb := SizeOf(MemCounters);
if GetProcessMemoryInfo(GetCurrentProcess,
@MemCounters,
SizeOf(MemCounters)) then
Result := MemCounters.WorkingSetSize
else
RaiseLastOSError;
end;
不知道我从哪里得到了这个基础知识，但我添加了一些更好的错误处理并使它成为一个函数。 WorkingSetSize 是当前使用的内存量。您可以使用类似的代码来获取当前进程（或任何进程）的其他值。您需要在您的使用声明中包含 psAPI。
PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS 记录包括：
您可以在任务管理器或进程资源管理器中找到所有这些值。
【讨论】：
当您从 SourceForge 下载完整的 FastMM4 包时，您可以查看一个示例，了解如何将 FastMM 与演示随附的 UsageTrackerDemo 项目一起使用。
【讨论】：
我写了这个小函数来返回当前进程（app）的内存使用情况：
function ProcessMemory: longint;
var
pmc: PPROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS;
cb: Integer;
begin
// Get the used memory for the current process
cb := SizeOf(TProcessMemoryCounters);
GetMem(pmc, cb);
pmc^.cb := cb;
if GetProcessMemoryInfo(GetCurrentProcess(), pmc, cb) then
Result:= Longint(pmc^.WorkingSetSize);
FreeMem(pmc);
end;
【讨论】：
GantC++ 代码转换为 Delphi 中的控制台应用程序：
program MemoryProcessCMD;
{* Based in Gant(https://stackoverflow.com/users/12460/gant) code*}
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
{$R *.res}
uses
System.SysUtils,
psapi,
Windows;
procedure PrintMemoryInfo(processID: DWORD);
var
hProcess: THandle;
pmc: PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS;
total: DWORD;
begin
// Print the process identifier.
Writeln(format('Process ID: %d', [processID]));
// Print information about the memory usage of the process.
hProcess := OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION or PROCESS_VM_READ, FALSE,
processID);
if (hProcess = 0) then
begin
exit;
end;
if (GetProcessMemoryInfo(hProcess, @pmc, SizeOf(pmc))) then
begin
Writeln(format(#09'PageFaultCount: 0x%.8X', [pmc.PageFaultCount]));
Writeln(format(#09'PeakWorkingSetSize: 0x%.8X', [pmc.PeakWorkingSetSize]));
Writeln(format(#09'WorkingSetSize: 0x%.8X', [pmc.WorkingSetSize]));
Writeln(format(#09'QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage: 0x%.8X',
[pmc.QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'QuotaPagedPoolUsage: 0x%.8X',
[pmc.QuotaPagedPoolUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%.8X',
[pmc.QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%.8X',
[pmc.QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'PagefileUsage: 0x%.8X', [pmc.PagefileUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'PeakPagefileUsage: 0x%.8X', [pmc.PeakPagefileUsage]));
Writeln(format(#09'PagefileUsage: 0x%.8X', [pmc.PagefileUsage]));
end;
CloseHandle(hProcess);
end;
var
aProcesses: array [0 .. 1024] of DWORD;
cbNeeded, cProcesses: DWORD;
i: Integer;
begin
try
// Get the list of process identifiers.
if (not EnumProcesses(@aProcesses, SizeOf(aProcesses), &cbNeeded)) then
halt(1);
// Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.
cProcesses := cbNeeded div SizeOf(DWORD);
// Print the memory usage for each process
for i := 0 to cProcesses - 1 do
begin
PrintMemoryInfo(aProcesses[i]);
end;
except
on E: Exception do
Writeln(E.ClassName, ': ', E.Message);
end;
end.
【讨论】：
对于 Win32 API 方式，您需要 GetProcessMemoryInfo 函数。这是来自MSDN page 的示例，但代码使用 C++。我认为您也可以将其转换为 Delphi。您正在查找的内容可能称为“工作集大小”。
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <psapi.h>
void PrintMemoryInfo( DWORD processID )
{
HANDLE hProcess;
PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc;
// Print the process identifier.
printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID );
// Print information about the memory usage of the process.
hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
PROCESS_VM_READ,
FALSE, processID );
if (NULL == hProcess)
return;
if ( GetProcessMemoryInfo( hProcess, &pmc, sizeof(pmc)) )
{
printf( "\tPageFaultCount: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PageFaultCount );
printf( "\tPeakWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.PeakWorkingSetSize );
printf( "\tWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", pmc.WorkingSetSize );
printf( "\tQuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage );
printf( "\tQuotaPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.QuotaPagedPoolUsage );
printf( "\tQuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage );
printf( "\tQuotaNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage );
printf( "\tPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PagefileUsage );
printf( "\tPeakPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n",
pmc.PeakPagefileUsage );
}
CloseHandle( hProcess );
}
int main( )
{
// Get the list of process identifiers.
DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses;
unsigned int i;
if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) )
return 1;
// Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.
cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD);
// Print the memory usage for each process
for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ )
PrintMemoryInfo( aProcesses[i] );
return 0;
}
【讨论】：