错误：找不到 Python 模块“cleannlp”。安装：pip install cleannlp in R

Question

我在 ubuntu 18.4 上使用 R studio，特别是 cleannlp 包来根据 this tutorial found here https://statsmaths.github.io/cleanNLP/state-of-union.html 分析文本。

根据here - https://statsmaths.github.io/cleanNLP/ 的安装说明，到目前为止，我已经在 Rstudio 的控制台中安装了 cleannlp，就像 install.packages("cleanNLP") 一样。此外，我已经在终端中安装了它的模块pip install cleannlp。据我所知，这两种安装都没有遇到任何问题。

如安装说明所示，cleannlp 有 4 个后端：

cnlp_init_stringi(locale="en_GB")
cnlp_init_udpipe(model_name="english")
cnlp_init_spacy(model_name="en")
cnlp_init_corenlp(lang="en")

我使用 stringi 或 udpipe 似乎没有任何问题。但是，使用 spacy 和 corenlp 后端似乎会抛出这个错误

Error: Python module 'cleannlp' not found. Install with: pip install cleannlp
4. stop(msg, call. = (msg == ""))
3. assert(!is.null(disc$required_module_path), "Python module 'cleannlp' not found. Install with:\n pip install cleannlp")
2. check_python()
1. cnlp_init_spacy("/usr/local/lib/python3.6/")

我相当肯定 python 包安装成功，从以下推断：

(base) redapemusic35@mythinker:~$ pip install cleannlp
Processing ./.cache/pip/wheels/1e/23/e6/a201f9e10a6664d0639453ee4f19bba7baf8544e9e82b18d1b/cleannlp-1.0.3-py3-  none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: spacy in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from cleannlp) (2.2.3)
Requirement already satisfied: plac<1.2.0,>=0.9.6 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (1.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (45.2.0.post20200210)
Requirement already satisfied: srsly<1.1.0,>=0.1.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (1.0.2)
Requirement already satisfied: blis<0.5.0,>=0.4.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (0.4.1)
Requirement already satisfied: murmurhash<1.1.0,>=0.28.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (1.0.2)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.15.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (1.18.1)
Requirement already satisfied: thinc<7.4.0,>=7.3.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (7.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: wasabi<1.1.0,>=0.4.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (0.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: requests<3.0.0,>=2.13.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (2.22.0)
Requirement already satisfied: preshed<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (3.0.2)
Requirement already satisfied: catalogue<1.1.0,>=0.0.7 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (1.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cymem<2.1.0,>=2.0.2 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from spacy->cleannlp) (2.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: tqdm<5.0.0,>=4.10.0 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from thinc<7.4.0,>=7.3.0->spacy->cleannlp) (4.42.1)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.9,>=2.5 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.13.0->spacy->cleannlp) (2.8)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3!=1.25.0,!=1.25.1,<1.26,>=1.21.1 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.13.0->spacy->cleannlp) (1.25.8)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.13.0->spacy->cleannlp) (2019.11.28)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.13.0->spacy->cleannlp)(3.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata>=0.20; python_version< "3.8" in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from catalogue<1.1.0,>=0.0.7->spacy->cleannlp) (1.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in ./anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata>=0.20; python_version < "3.8"->catalogue<1.1.0,>=0.0.7->spacy->cleannlp) (2.2.0)
Installing collected packages: cleannlp
Successfully installed cleannlp-1.0.3

我尝试过的一些事情包括

1. 没有路径 cnlp_init_spacy()

这给了我：

Error: Python module 'cleannlp' not found. Install with: pip install cleannlp
4. stop(msg, call. = (msg == ""))
3.
assert(!is.null(disc$required_module_path), "Python module 'cleannlp' not found. Install with:\n pip install cleannlp")
2. check_python()
1. cnlp_init_spacy()

无论我使用哪个后端（spacy 和 corenlp）都给我带来麻烦没有区别。

1. sudo pip install sudo -H pip install sudo -H pip3 install 和 sudo pip3 install 所有这些似乎都工作正常。但是，我想知道 R 选择哪个安装是否有问题。所以我卸载并再次尝试。此外，我似乎对 R 之外的 python 有任何问题。

Answer 1

这可能是 R 使用的 python 环境没有安装“cleannlp”。您可以通过以下方式检查：

install.packages("reticulate")
library(reticulate)
py_discover_config(required_module="cleannlp")

这应该指向您的 anaconda3 路径。如果它指向另一个环境，例如r-miniconda，你可以改变它：

Sys.setenv(RETICULATE_PYTHON = path)

where path 是您到 anaconda 的路径，在 Mac 中通常采用以下形式：“/Users/YOUR_NAME/anaconda3/bin/python”

现在运行：

py_discover_config(required_module="cleannlp")

再次检查它是否在您的 anaconda3 python 环境中找到“cleannlp”。 如果这有效，那么您现在可以运行：

cnlp_download_corenlp()
cnlp_init_corenlp(lang="en")