条形图 x 轴标签重叠和间距问题

Question

我需要绘制 x 轴（日期）和 y 轴（销售量）的图表，并表示日历年中的每一天。

问题 - 首先是日期之间的空白。我尝试使用因子（日期），但是当我想要对图表进行其他更改时遇到了问题。另一个问题是 x 轴目前是按月计算的。这看起来不错。但是，当我尝试在白天这样做时，我得到...

简而言之，它看起来像一团糟。可能是因为我试图一次输入每个日期。以下是我的代码。

ggplot(MyDataCSV, aes(x = Date, y = Volume)) +
  geom_col(stat = "identity",
           width = 0.9, 
           fill = "coral",
           alpha = 0.5,
           colour = "black",
           position = "dodge") +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 day", labels = date_format("%m/%d")) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  ggtitle("Volume Sold by Date") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

我是 R 的初学者，所以我知道这是初学者级别，但我很困惑。我安装了 ggplot、tidyverse、dplyr、lubridate 和 scales。本质上，我希望我在 x 轴上的标签看起来像第一张图片，除了我的数据集中的每个日期（大约一年）

Answer 1

一种解决方案是指定保存图形的尺寸，例如

# Load libraries
library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)

# Generate a fake dataset (minimal reproducible example)
df <- data.frame(Date = seq.Date(from = ymd("2021-01-01"),
                                 to = ymd("2021-12-31"),
                                 by = "1 day"),
                 Volume = runif(365, 0, 4e+08))

# Plot the fake data
ggplot(df, aes(x = Date, y = Volume)) +
  geom_col(stat = "identity",
           width = 0.9, 
           fill = "coral",
           alpha = 0.5,
           colour = "black",
           position = "dodge") +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 day", labels = scales::date_format("%m/%d")) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  ggtitle("Volume Sold by Date") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

# Save the plot
ggsave(filename = "example_1.png", width = 60, height = 10, limitsize = FALSE)

然后，如果你放大，你可以看到日期不重叠：

否则，您可以将 date_breaks 更改为“1 个月”或“1 周”以停止日期重叠，同时保持“正常”数字大小：

# Plot the fake data
ggplot(df, aes(x = Date, y = Volume)) +
  geom_col(stat = "identity",
           width = 0.9, 
           fill = "coral",
           alpha = 0.5,
           colour = "black",
           position = "dodge") +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 week", labels = scales::date_format("%m/%d")) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  ggtitle("Volume Sold by Date") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

或者，我可能会推荐的选项，您可以通过例如创建构面。每 3 个月：

# Load libraries
library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)

# Generate a fake dataset (minimal reproducible example)
df <- data.frame(Date = seq.Date(from = ymd("2021-01-01"),
                                 to = ymd("2021-12-31"),
                                 by = "1 day"),
                 Volume = runif(365, 0, 4e+08))

plot_labels <- c(
  "1" = "First Quarter, 2021",
  "2" = "Second Quarter, 2021",
  "3" = "Third Quarter, 2021",
  "4" = "Fourth Quarter, 2021"
)
# Plot the fake data
df %>%
  mutate(quarter = cut.Date(Date, breaks = "quarter", labels = FALSE)) %>%
  ggplot(., aes(x = Date, y = Volume)) +
  geom_col(stat = "identity",
           width = 0.9, 
           fill = "coral",
           alpha = 0.5,
           colour = "black",
           position = "dodge") +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 day", labels = scales::date_format("%m/%d")) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  ggtitle("Volume Sold by Date") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) +
  facet_wrap(~ quarter, ncol = 1, scales = "free_x",
             labeller = labeller(quarter = plot_labels))