添加列时缺少 SQL 结果答案

【问题标题】：SQL Results Missing When Adding Columns添加列时缺少 SQL 结果
【发布时间】：2018-10-01 19:23:26
【问题描述】：

试图找出导致我的 SQL Server 查询不返回任何结果的问题。我有一个查询，它指出在单个 PO 的大小级别上存在多个唯一的“请求的交货日期”。我使用COUNT和DISTINCT来做到这一点。在我添加字段“PO_ITEM_NUMBER”和“REQ_DELIV_DATE”之前，它工作得很好——这是企业要求的。我不确定为什么这会导致问题 - 作为参考，我们的 PO 表层是 Header、Item、Size - 大小是最细粒度的，它是基于 SAP 的。

查询：

SELECT E.TEAM_MEMBER_NAME [EMPLOYEE],
       H.PO_TYPE,
       H.PO_ISSUE_DATE,
       S.PO_NUMBER,
       S.MATERIAL,
       M.DESCRIPTION,
       H.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY [PO_QUANTITY], -- if you sue SUM(S.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY - you get more results but wrong totals
       K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_DESC,
       S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE,
       S.PO_ITEM_NUMBER


FROM   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_SIZE S --- you can use .. insetead of .dbo.
JOIN   ADI_USER_MAINTAINED..SCM_PO_Employee_Name E --- join the po to employee assigment table
ON     S.PO_NUMBER = E.PO_NUMBER
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_HEADER H 
ON     E.PO_NUMBER = H.PO_NUMBER 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_ITEM I 
ON     E.PO_NUMBER = I.PO_NUMBER 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_MM_MATERIAL M 
ON     E.MATERIAL = M.MATERIAL 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..vw_kd_BUSINESS_SEGMENT K 
ON     M.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_CODE = K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_CODE

WHERE  I.PO_BALANCE_QUANTITY > 0 ---exclude any fully received PO's
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM VW_PO_ITEM I1 WHERE DEL_INDICATOR = 'L' AND I.PO_NUMBER = I1.PO_NUMBER)

GROUP BY S.PO_NUMBER, 
         E.TEAM_MEMBER_NAME, 
         H.PO_TYPE, 
         H.PO_ISSUE_DATE, 
         S.MATERIAL, 
         M.DESCRIPTION,
         K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_DESC,
         H.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY,
         S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE,
         S.PO_ITEM_NUMBER

HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE) > 1

ORDER BY S.PO_NUMBER

添加与结果一起使用的查询：

SELECT E.TEAM_MEMBER_NAME [EMPLOYEE],
       H.PO_TYPE,
       CONVERT(VARCHAR(12),H.PO_ISSUE_DATE,101) [PO_ISSUE_DATE],
       S.PO_NUMBER,
       S.MATERIAL,
       M.DESCRIPTION,
       H.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY [PO_QUANTITY], --- if you use SUM(S.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY) - you get more results but wrong totals
       K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_DESC


FROM   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_SIZE S --- you can use .. insetead of .dbo.
JOIN   ADI_USER_MAINTAINED..SCM_PO_Employee_Name E --- join the po to employee assigment table
ON     S.PO_NUMBER = E.PO_NUMBER
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_HEADER H 
ON     E.PO_NUMBER = H.PO_NUMBER 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_ITEM I 
ON     E.PO_NUMBER = I.PO_NUMBER 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_MM_MATERIAL M 
ON     E.MATERIAL = M.MATERIAL 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..vw_kd_BUSINESS_SEGMENT K 
ON     M.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_CODE = K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_CODE

WHERE  I.PO_BALANCE_QUANTITY > 0 ---exclude any fully received PO's
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM VW_PO_ITEM I1 WHERE DEL_INDICATOR = 'L' AND I.PO_NUMBER = I1.PO_NUMBER)

GROUP BY S.PO_NUMBER, 
         E.TEAM_MEMBER_NAME, 
         H.PO_TYPE, 
         H.PO_ISSUE_DATE, 
         S.MATERIAL, 
         M.DESCRIPTION,
         K.BUSINESS_SEGMENT_DESC,
         H.PO_ORDERED_QUANTITY

HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE) > 1

ORDER BY S.PO_NUMBER

结果：

EMPLOYEE                       PO_TYPE PO_ISSUE_DATE PO_NUMBER  MATERIAL           DESCRIPTION                              PO_QUANTITY                             BUSINESS_SEGMENT_DESC
------------------------------ ------- ------------- ---------- ------------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Olson              NB      01/19/2017    0282238419 CD7078             ESS 3S PANT WVN                          2054                                    CORE APP MEN SPORT ADIDAS
Juan Gomez                     NB      02/23/2017    0282524995 S98775             ESS LIN P/O FT                           103                                     CORE APP MEN SPORT ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              NB      03/09/2017    0282598957 BK7410             ESS LGO T P SJ                           619                                     ATHLETICS APP MEN ADIDAS
Juan Gomez                     NB      03/28/2017    0282706115 S97155             ESS LIN TIGHT                            961                                     CORE APP WOMEN SPORT ADIDAS
Juan Gomez                     NB      09/21/2017    0283752965 CF8152             BOS LABEL                                7900                                    ATHLETICS APP MEN ADIDAS
Julie Lange-May                12      10/02/2017    0283796594 DQ1421             WOVEN JACKET W                           1020                                    ATHLETICS APP WOMEN ADIDAS
Kekai Ariola                   NB      10/10/2017    0283837426 AC7366             PW HU HOLI Tennis Hu MC                  5655                                    STATEMENT FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      11/10/2017    0283944933 DB2061             PREDATOR TANGO 18.1 TR                   1756                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Andrew Zapata                  05      11/13/2017    0283961402 CG6440             NEMEZIZ 18.1 FG W                        543                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              NB      11/20/2017    0283981666 CV7748             ASSITA 17 GK Y                           1648                                    FOOTBALL APP GENERIC ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      11/21/2017    0283984539 DB2165             COPA 18.1 FG                             501                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Julie Lange-May                NB      11/26/2017    0284043157 CE4368             I GRPHC STSET                            1333                                    ORIGINALS APP KIDS ADIDAS
Trey Pflug                     NB      11/27/2017    0284048754 CQ3168             SOLAR BOOST M                            3500                                    RUNNING FTW MEN ADIDAS
Dave Laws                      NB      11/28/2017    0284059045 DB2966             YEEZY 500                                15334                                   YEEZY FTW ADIDAS
Dave Laws                      NB      11/28/2017    0284059047 DB2966             YEEZY 500                                12584                                   YEEZY FTW ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              NB      12/06/2017    0284094060 BJ9165             TASTIGO17 SHO W                          7522                                    FOOTBALL APP GENERIC ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              NB      12/06/2017    0284094212 BK0350             TIRO17 TRG PNTW                          7091                                    FOOTBALL APP GENERIC ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      12/08/2017    0284107301 DB2062             PREDATOR TANGO 18.1 TR                   2110                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Trey Pflug                     NB      12/11/2017    0284115640 BC0674             SOLAR BOOST W                            1752                                    RUNNING FTW WOMEN ADIDAS
Kim Moreland                   NB      12/12/2017    0284137355 DJ3033             D2M K SHT                                1730                                    CORE APP WOMEN SPORT ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      12/12/2017    0284141196 DB2126             PREDATOR TANGO 18.3 IN                   1988                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      12/12/2017    0284141253 AQ0612             NEMEZIZ MESSI TANGO 18.3 TF              526                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Dave Laws                      NB      12/15/2017    0284170426 DB2966             YEEZY 500                                2918                                    YEEZY FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      12/16/2017    0284174671 DB2248             X 18.1 FG                                668                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      12/16/2017    0284174673 DB2039             PREDATOR 18.1 FG                         489                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              ER      12/20/2017    0284207872 BS4250             TASTIGO17 SHO                            404                                     FOOTBALL APP GENERIC ADIDAS
Ben Paul                       NB      12/19/2017    0284208137 CG0584             REAL A JSY                               811                                     FOOTBALL APP LICENSED ADIDAS
Julie Lange-May                NB      01/07/2018    0284316616 DN4273             UAS BEANIE                               120                                     ORIGINALS APP MEN ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/08/2018    0284319552 DB2063             PREDATOR TANGO 18.1 TR                   2001                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464341 DB2214             X 18+ FG                                 582                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464343 DB2013             PREDATOR 18+ FG                          2201                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464344 DB2072             NEMEZIZ 18+ FG                           1467                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464346 DB2251             X 18.1 FG                                620                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464348 DB2167             COPA 18.1 FG                             1714                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464349 DB2089             NEMEZIZ MESSI 18.1 FG                    988                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284464350 DB2040             PREDATOR 18.1 FG                         2061                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/19/2018    0284465944 DB2001             PREDATOR 18.3 FG                         7008                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      01/23/2018    0284489924 772109             SAMBA CLASSIC                            419                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Andrew Zapata                  05      02/02/2018    0284539184 DH3869             CLIMA 3.0 TEE                            1853                                    ACTION SPORTS APP ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      02/06/2018    0284550445 BB0571             Goletto VI FG J                          5562                                    FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      02/24/2018    0284666220 DM2092             MLS ASG OMB                              424                                     FOOTBALL ACC HW ADIDAS
Christopher Olson              NB      01/19/2018    0284666914 BP9111             D2M 3S SHORT                             11811                                   CORE APP MEN SPORT ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      02/27/2018    0284684097 019228             MUNDIAL TEAM                             657                                     FOOTBALL FTW ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      03/06/2018    0284704098 CD4683             GENERICWCBOX                             80000                                   FOOTBALL ACC HW ADIDAS
Kekai Ariola                   NB      03/08/2018    0284728508 BB7619             Sobakov                                  1775                                    ORIGINALS FTW MEN ADIDAS
Kim Moreland                   NB      03/08/2018    0284730274 BP9733             ULT SS T                                 2557                                    TRAINING APP MEN ADIDAS
Kekai Ariola                   05      03/27/2018    0284865999 B37532             EQT SUPPORT SK PK W                      347                                     ORIGINALS FTW WOMEN ADIDAS
Kekai Ariola                   05      03/27/2018    0284866000 B37545             EQT SUPPORT SK PK W                      357                                     ORIGINALS FTW WOMEN ADIDAS
Kim Moreland                   NB      04/06/2018    0284914322 DH3591             Tech Tee                                 10042                                   TRAINING APP WOMEN ADIDAS
Cody Lofquist                  NB      04/10/2018    0284930265 CW5627             Pred FS JR MN                            1651                                    FOOTBALL ACC HW ADIDAS
Kekai Ariola                   NB      04/10/2018    0284930449 B41794             PW TENNIS HU                             315                                     ORIGINALS FTW MEN ADIDAS

(51 row(s) affected)

【问题讨论】：

你能提供一些示例数据吗？查询在更改之前看起来如何？
您将它们添加到group by，这显然会改变行为。
我将它们添加到分组依据是因为我使用了having子句-我的印象是它是强制性的。
您可以通过拆分组来缩小组的大小，从而减少匹配的组。
除此之外，当你对它进行分组时，你不能在一个列中拥有一个具有多个不同值的组。这就是组的定义。

标签： sql sql-server count distinct

【解决方案1】：

WITH POsToReturn AS (
SELECT S.PO_NUMBER   
FROM   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_SIZE S 
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_ITEM I 
ON     I.PO_NUMBER = S.PO_NUMBER 
WHERE  I.PO_BALANCE_QUANTITY > 0
GROUP BY S.PO_NUMBER
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE) > 1
AND COUNT(CASE WHEN I.DEL_INDICATOR = 'L' THEN 1 END) = 0
)
SELECT <your columns>
FROM   POsToReturn P
JOIN   PDX_SAP_USER..VW_PO_SIZE S
ON     S.PO_NUMBER = P.PO_NUMBER
...    <join the rest of the tables for the detail columns>
--     leave out the entire group by!

或者你可以采用这样的方法：

with data as (
    select
        count(distinct S.PO_REQ_DELIV_DATE)
            over (partition by S.PO_NUMBER) as rdd_count
        <insert rest of main query>
)
select ... from data
where rdd_count > 1
order by S.PO_NUMBER;

至于理解原因，我认为您已经看到其他查询，其中人们将列添加到 group by 子句，以便他们可以绕过关于非聚合的神秘错误消息。如果不是这样，那么您已经看到那些令人困惑地允许非标准行为的系统，这些行为完全没有错误地给出结果。

通常人们想要完成的事情是这样的：我已经根据客户 ID 进行分组，但我也希望结果中包含客户名称。因此，他们将额外的列添加到“分组依据”列表中，一切正常。但是，如果您考虑一下，原因是新列根本没有更改组，因为每个客户 ID 始终具有相同的客户名称，并且最终只是摆脱错误的简单方法。但是，在您的查询中，这不是真的：您确实在所有您关心的组中有多个日期。

在我看来，最好使用像min(Customer Name) as CustomerName 这样的虚拟聚合。请记住，聚合函数的目的是将多个值合并为一个值。必要时，某些系统会随机选择一个值，而不会警告您这样做。许多 MySQL 和 Sybase 开发人员在依赖这种古怪的行为和/或从未真正了解它应该如何工作时，为此感到很痛苦。

还请记住，一般来说，组是一组多行折叠成一行。要让count(distinct) 工作，它需要查看多个日期单个组中。但这与您将输出保持为单独的行的需要相冲突。

基本上，该行本身并不能为您提供足够的信息来决定是否保留它。我通过使用第二个查询来确定满足条件的PO_Numbers 列表，然后将其用作过滤器（通过内部连接），从而解决了这个问题。

在第二个示例中，我使用了一个窗口函数，它可以让您查看每一行之外，而不会出现group by 的行折叠行为。两者基本上都可以让你做having 打算完成的事情。

【讨论】：

两个答案都很棒——我很好奇你是否知道它为什么不起作用——这是我的主要问题之一。感谢帮助，我需要开始更多地使用 CTE！
@user3496218 已添加说明

【解决方案2】：

If you added HAVING clause recently then comment and check.  
If not then change the INNER JOIN TO LEFT join from bottom to top one at a time and execute the query and check.
This way you can troubleshoot the issue easily.
Unless we have the sample data for all the tables you are used the query it will be difficult to answer.

【讨论】：

不走运更改连接我可以在与数据一起使用时提供示例查询。谢谢。