MS Access 在数据表中显示 vba 选择查询

Question

在ms access vba里面学习使用SQL。我已经了解了选择查询的工作原理，但它们不会像通过访问表单构建的那样立即输出到数据表。我需要复杂的 if else 链来获得我想要的东西，所以我不得不使用 vba 路由。 我已经尝试了其他问题中建议的几种方法，但它们并没有像我想要的那样工作。

我正在为一个按钮创建代码，该按钮根据复选框显示具有特定元素的数据表。下面的代码只是关于显示 Select 查询的元素。

我尝试了 .QueryDef 方法

Dim qd As QueryDef
Set qd = CurrentDb.CreateQueryDef("")

With qd
    .ReturnsRecords = True
    .sql = "SELECT * FROM EXPORT_CERTIFICATION WHERE EXPORT_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified'"
End With

当我输入查询名称而不是为空时，这有效但只有一次。它创建了一个新查询，它可以满足我的需求，但之后该按钮就不再执行任何操作了。

我应该创建一个表来接受输出并尝试将该表设置为由 sql 语句创建的记录集吗？我想避免使用另一个表，因为这只是用于查看。

这是我目前尝试的更简单解决方案的完整代码

Private Sub NDC_CERT_VIEW_Click()
Dim StrSQLclause As String
Dim db1 As DAO.Database, qry1 As DAO.QueryDef

Set db1 = CurrentDb()

Set qry1 = db1.QueryDefs("NDC_EXPORT_VIEW")

MsgBox ("Here")
If (Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' "
ElseIf (Not Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Not Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Not Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Not Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' "
ElseIf (Certified_Check And Revised_Check And Doc_Exceptions_Check And Pending_Check) Then
    StrSQLclause = "Select * From EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION Where EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Revised' Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.DocumentException Not Is Null Or EXPORT_NDC_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = '' "
Else
    MsgBox ("No Status Selected")
    Exit Sub
End If
MsgBox (StrSQLclause)
MsgBox ("Here3")

qry1.sql = StrSQLclause
MsgBox ("Here4")
DoCmd.OpenQuery "NDC_EXPORT_VIEW"

MsgBox ("Here6")

Answer 1

就个人而言，我使用以下代码来显示记录集。

像 Darren 的回答一样，我创建了一个名为 frmDynDS 的表单，默认视图设置为数据表视图，并且我使用以下代码向其中添加了 255 个控件（在设计表单时运行查看）：

Dim i As Long
Dim myCtl As Control
For i = 0 To 254
    Set myCtl = Application.CreateControl("frmDynDS", acTextBox, acDetail)
    myCtl.Name = "Text" & i
Next i

然后，我将以下代码添加到表单的模块中：

Public Myself As Object

Public Sub LoadRS(myRS As Object)
    'Supports both ADODB and DAO recordsets
    Dim i As Long
    Dim myTextbox As textbox
    Dim fld As Object
    i = 0
    With myRS
        For Each fld In myRS.Fields
            Set myTextbox = Me.Controls("Text" & i)
            myTextbox.Properties("DatasheetCaption").Value = fld.Name
            myTextbox.ControlSource = fld.Name
            myTextbox.ColumnHidden = False
            myTextbox.columnWidth = -2
            i = i + 1
        Next fld
    End With
    For i = i To 254
        Set myTextbox = Me.Controls("Text" & i)
        myTextbox.ColumnHidden = True
    Next i
    Set Me.Recordset = myRS
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer)
    Set Myself = Nothing 'Prevent memory leak
End Sub

然后，我在公共模块中获得了以下代码："

Public Sub DisplayRS(rs As Object)
    Dim f As New Form_frmDynDS
    f.LoadRS rs
    f.Visible = True
    Set f.Myself = f
End Sub

完成所有这些设置后，显示记录集就非常简单了。只需执行以下操作：

DisplayRS CurrentDb.OpenRecordset("SELECT * FROM EXPORT_CERTIFICATION WHERE EXPORT_CERTIFICATION.CertificationStatus = 'Certified'")

这将打开表单，使适当数量的控件可见，设置标题，调整单元格宽度以适应标题，然后将控件绑定到记录集。表单将一直持续到关闭，您可以使用此代码同时打开多个记录集。

请注意，运行此代码时不能在记录集中使用参数，因为它会在过滤/排序时崩溃。

Answer 2

我建议使用预构建的表单和查询来实现您在此处尝试实现的目的。

但是，话虽如此，您正在学习在 VBA 中使用 SQL，所以这里是如何使用代码来做到这一点（其他方式很可能）：

• 创建一个基本表单并为每个表单添加正确数量的控件 记录。
• 为表单设置Has Module 属性（在Other 选项卡）到是。
• 将Default View 设置为DataSheet。
• 将表单另存为MyForm。

添加一个 VBA 代码模块并添加此代码：

Sub Test()

    Dim qd As DAO.QueryDef
    Dim rs As DAO.Recordset
    Dim frm As Form_MyForm

    Set qd = CurrentDb.CreateQueryDef("", "PARAMETERS Stats Text(255); " & _
                                          "SELECT * FROM EXPORT_CERTIFICATION " & _
                                          "WHERE CertificationStatus = Stats")

    qd.Parameters("Stats") = "Certified"

    Set rs = qd.OpenRecordset

    Set frm = New Form_MyForm

    'The record source for the form
    Set frm.Recordset = rs

    'The record source fields attached to each control.
    frm.Text0 = "FieldA"
    frm.Text2 = "Field"
    frm.Text3 = "CertificationStatus"

    frm.Visible = True

    Debug.Assert False 'Form will disappear when code ends, so pause here.

End Sub

将出现一个包含您的记录集的表单。