在 MSSQL 2008 R2 中没有聚合函数的 Pivot

Question

这是我的 MSSQL 2008 [ERROR CODE] 表的一部分，我想将其转换为以下结构。我尝试搜索解决方法，但找不到完成任务的解决方案。我认为使用 Pivot 是不可行的，因为我不能使用聚合函数。有人可以帮助我如何使这成为可能吗？

+----------+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
| SKILL ID | SKILL |                     PARAMETER                     |
+----------+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
|        1 | 121   | STANDARD VERBIAGE & PROCEDURES                    |
|        1 | 121   | ISSUE IDENTIFICATION                              |
|        1 | 121   | CALL COURTESY                                     |
|        1 | 121   | ISSUE RESOLUTION                                  |
|        2 | BO    | COLLECTION PROCESS ADHERENCE                      |
|        2 | BO    | INTELLIGENCE PARAMETER                            |
|        3 | EM    | SOFT SKILLS                                       |
|        3 | EM    | PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE                                 |
|        3 | EM    | CALL CLOSING                                      |
|        3 | EM    | CALL  OPENING                                     |
|        4 | FLC   | RESOLUTION                                        |
|        4 | FLC   | NONE                                              |
|        5 | FTA   | OTHERS                                            |
|        5 | FTA   | HYGIENE FACTORS                                   |
|        5 | FTA   | ACCOUNT SCREEN                                    |
|        5 | FTA   |   ORDER , DOCUMENTATION AND CONFIGURATION         |
|        5 | FTA   | VALIDATION SCREEN                                 |
|        5 | FTA   | PARTY SCREEN                                      |
|        5 | FTA   | ORDER , DOCUMENTATION AND CONFIGURATION           |
|        6 | NCE   | COMPLIANCE                                        |
|        6 | NCE   | CRM                                               |
|        6 | NCE   | ACCOUNT LEVEL /INSTALLATION DETAILS CONFIRTMATION |
|        6 | NCE   | CONTENTS/BILL DETAILS                             |
|        6 | NCE   | SELFCARE                                          |
|        6 | NCE   | FEEDBACK/SATISFACTION                             |
|        6 | NCE   | OBJECTION RESOLUTION                              |
|        6 | NCE   | CUSTOMER HANDLING                                 |
|        6 | NCE   | RED ALERT                                         |
|        7 | RTO   | ZERO TOLERANCE                                    |
|        7 | RTO   | OVERALL IMPRESSION                                |
|        7 | RTO   | SUMMARY AND CLOSING                               |
|        7 | RTO   | PROCESS KNOWLEDGE                                 |
|        7 | RTO   | OPENING                                           |
|        8 | SHMNP | SKILL AREA                                        |
|        8 | SHMNP | CONVINCING SKILLS                                 |
+----------+-------+---------------------------------------------------+

这是预期的输出

+-------+--------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| SKILL |           PARAMETER1           |       PARAMETER2       |  PARAMETER3                                       |
+-------+--------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| 121   | STANDARD VERBIAGE & PROCEDURES | ISSUE IDENTIFICATION   | CALL COURTESY                                     |
| BO    | COLLECTION PROCESS ADHERENCE   | INTELLIGENCE PARAMETER | NULL                                              |
| EM    | SOFT SKILLS                    | PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE      | CALL CLOSING                                      |
| FLC   | RESOLUTION                     | NONE                   | NULL                                              |
| FTA   | OTHERS                         | HYGIENE FACTORS        | ACCOUNT SCREEN                                    |
| NCE   | COMPLIANCE                     | CRM                    | ACCOUNT LEVEL /INSTALLATION DETAILS CONFIRTMATION |
| RTO   | ZERO TOLERANCE                 | OVERALL IMPRESSION     | SUMMARY AND CLOSING                               |
| SHMNP | SKILL AREA                     | CONVINCING SKILLS      | NULL                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+

Answer 1

您可以使用 PIVOT 函数来获取结果，您只需要使用row_number() 来提供帮助。

对此的基本查询将是：

select skill_id, skill, parameter,
  row_number() over(partition by skill, skill_id order by skill_id) rn
from yt;

见SQL Fiddle with Demo。我使用row_number() 将不同的值应用于skill 和skill_id 中的每一行，然后您将使用此行号值作为PIVOT 的列。

应用了 PIVOT 的完整代码将是：

select skill_id, skill,[Parameter_1], [Parameter_2], [Parameter_3]
from 
(
  select skill_id, skill, parameter,
    'Parameter_'+cast(row_number() over(partition by skill, skill_id 
                                     order by skill_id) as varchar(10)) rn
  from yt
) d
pivot
(
  max(parameter)
  for rn in ([Parameter_1], [Parameter_2], [Parameter_3])
) piv;

见SQL Fiddle with Demo。

在您的情况下，似乎每个技能都有未知数量的参数。如果是这样，那么您将需要使用动态 SQL 来获取结果：

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME('Parameter_'
                          +cast(row_number() over(partition by skill, skill_id 
                               order by skill_id) as varchar(10))) 
                    from yt
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = 'SELECT skill_id, skill,' + @cols + ' from 
             (
                select skill_id, skill, parameter,
                  ''Parameter_''+cast(row_number() over(partition by skill, skill_id 
                                   order by skill_id) as varchar(10)) rn
                from yt
            ) x
            pivot 
            (
                max(parameter)
                for rn in (' + @cols + ')
            ) p '

execute(@query);

见SQL Fiddle with Demo