如何在 MacOS 上查看 Xcode 安装进度？

Question

最近我在我的 MacBook Pro（16 英寸 2019）上安装了最新的 Xcode，它在安装过程中挂起。我看了Latest version of Xcode stuck on installation (12.5)之类的问题，但不清楚我的安装过程是否真的卡住了。我如何知道安装过程是否真的在进行？

Answer 1

事实证明我的安装比我预期的要长得多，最终它成功完成了。

我发现安装守护进程安装在 /var/log/install.log 中记录其进度。这是完整过程的示例。

首先，它是这样开始的：

2023-01-23 10:35:31-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Bundle com.apple.USDLib.FormatLoader-Xcode is nested inside upgrade-bundle or atomic-update-bundle and will not be version-checked
2023-01-23 10:35:31-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Bundle com.apple.dt.Xcode.LicenseAgreementXPCService is nested inside upgrade-bundle or atomic-update-bundle and will not be version-checked
2023-01-23 10:35:31-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Bundle com.apple.dt.Xcode.PlaygroundLiveViewHost is nested inside upgrade-bundle or atomic-update-bundle and will not be version-checked
2023-01-23 10:35:31-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Bundle com.apple.dt.Xcode.PlaygroundStub-macosx is nested inside upgrade-bundle or atomic-update-bundle and will not be version-checked
2023-01-23 10:35:31-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Bundle com.apple.dt.Xcode.XcodeSelectXPCService is nested inside upgrade-bundle or atomic-update-bundle and will not be version-checked
2023-01-23 10:38:09-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Extracting file:///var/folders/5f/044xz5057bb6266jr42vbt6m0000gr/C/com.apple.appstoreagent/com.apple.appstore/140F09B0-B312-4CDD-92F0-CE847B4D62CF/encrypted7887227484858260315.pkg#Xcode.pkg (destination=/Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root, uid=0)

此“提取文件”可能需要一段时间。在我的系统上大约需要 11 分钟。

2023-01-23 10:38:09-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Extracting file:///var/folders/5f/044xz5057bb6266jr42vbt6m0000gr/C/com.apple.appstoreagent/com.apple.appstore/140F09B0-B312-4CDD-92F0-CE847B4D62CF/encrypted7887227484858260315.pkg#Xcode.pkg (destination=/Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root, uid=0)
2023-01-23 10:48:56-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app

然后它会忙于第一行“Applying atomic-update”，直到它开始在 bundle 树中喷出大量“Applying atomic-update”。

2023-01-23 10:48:56-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app
2023-01-23 11:04:38-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Accessibility Inspector.app
2023-01-23 11:04:38-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Accessibility Inspector.app/Contents/Frameworks/AccessibilityAuditDeviceManager.framework
2023-01-23 11:04:38-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Accessibility Inspector.app/Contents/Frameworks/AccessibilityAuditDeviceManager.framework/Versions/A/XPCServices/axAuditService.xpc
...
2023-01-23 11:05:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/XPCServices/com.apple.dt.Xcode.PlaygroundStub-macosx.xpc
2023-01-23 11:05:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Applying atomic-update from bundle at Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/XPCServices/com.apple.dt.Xcode.XcodeSelectXPCService.xpc
2023-01-23 11:05:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Verifying code signature on /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root/Applications/Xcode.app

在大量输出之后，我猜想对于捆绑包中的所有文件来说，短时间内 - 在我的系统上大约 30 秒，它会停止并显示消息“正在验证代码签名......”。同样，这个过程需要一段时间。在我的系统上大约需要 20 分钟。

2023-01-23 11:05:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Verifying code signature on /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root/Applications/Xcode.app
2023-01-23 11:26:06-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Writing receipt for com.apple.pkg.Xcode to /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root

签名验证后，就差不多完成了。它像下面这样喷出最后一批大输出，“推”它通过最后一段：

2023-01-23 11:26:06-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Writing receipt for com.apple.pkg.Xcode to /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: prevent user idle system sleep
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: suspending backupd
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Wrote MAS receipt into Applications/Xcode.app
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Wrote MAS Metadata into Applications/Xcode.app
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Using trashcan path /var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/PKInstallSandboxTrash/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.sandboxTrash for sandbox /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro install_monitor[16343]: Temporarily excluding: /Applications, /Library, /System, /bin, /private, /sbin, /usr
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Shoving /Library/InstallerSandboxes/.PKInstallSandboxManager/CC2B12E9-2987-4241-861A-0AC222E42FBA.activeSandbox/Root (2 items) to /
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Touched bundle /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/Library/GPUToolsPlatform/GPUToolsAgent.app
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Touched bundle /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app/Contents/Helpers/backgroundinstruments.app
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Touched bundle /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/Library/Interface Builder/Plug-ins/CocoaPlugin.ibplugin/Contents/Resources/IBCocoaSimulator.app
2023-01-23 11:26:07-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Touched bundle /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Accessibility Inspector.app
...
 file:///Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/share/xcs/CouchDB/lib/erlang/lib/ssl-5.3.3/ebin/ssl.app for uid 504
2023-01-23 11:26:27-05 MacBook-Pro appstoreagent[861]: PackageKit: Registered bundle file:///Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/share/xcs/CouchDB/lib/erlang/lib/stdlib-1.19.4/ebin/stdlib.app for uid 504
2023-01-23 11:26:27-05 MacBook-Pro appstoreagent[861]: PackageKit: Registered bundle file:///Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/share/xcs/CouchDB/lib/erlang/lib/syntax_tools-1.6.13/ebin/syntax_tools.app for uid 504
2023-01-23 11:26:27-05 MacBook-Pro appstoreagent[861]: PackageKit: Registered bundle file:///Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/share/xcs/CouchDB/lib/erlang/lib/xmerl-1.3.6/ebin/xmerl.app for uid 504
2023-01-23 11:26:27-05 MacBook-Pro installd[867]: PackageKit: Removing client PKInstallDaemonClient pid=861, uid=504 (/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/AppStoreDaemon.framework/Support/appstoreagent)

至此，Xcode安装完成，但installd羞于用“Xcode安装完成”之类的清晰日志来宣告安装完成。通过“删除客户端...”，它似乎在进行某种清理，并且 installd 继续以高 CPU 旋转，但是当它发生时，App Store 中的 Xcode 不再旋转，您可以在此成功打开它观点。