加载数据时出现完整性约束错误

Question

CREATE TABLE main_quest(
    e_id NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_main_quest PRIMARY KEY ( e_id ));
    
insert into main_quest values(11);   
insert into main_quest values(12);
insert into main_quest values(13);
insert into main_quest values(14);
insert into main_quest values(15);
insert into main_quest values(16);
insert into main_quest values(17);
insert into main_quest values(18);

CREATE TABLE quest_staging (
    e_id            NUMBER(10),
    data_separator  VARCHAR2(100),
    CONSTRAINT pk_quest_staging PRIMARY KEY ( e_id )
);

insert into quest_staging values(11,'P');
insert into quest_staging values(12,'R');
insert into quest_staging values(13,'R P');
insert into quest_staging values(14,'C');
insert into quest_staging values(15,'C P');
insert into quest_staging values(20,'C P');

CREATE TABLE quest_ref (
    ref_id     NUMBER(10),
    ref_cat    VARCHAR2(50),
    ref_value  VARCHAR2(100),
    CONSTRAINT pk_quest_ref PRIMARY KEY ( ref_id )
);

insert into quest_ref values(1,'cat_1','PP');
insert into quest_ref values(2,'cat_1','R');
insert into quest_ref values(3,'cat_1','R P');
insert into quest_ref values(4,'cat_1','C');
insert into quest_ref values(5,'cat_1','C P');
insert into quest_ref values(6,'cat_1','I');
insert into quest_ref values(7,'cat_1','I P');
insert into quest_ref values(8,'cat_1','P');

CREATE SEQUENCE quest_main_sq;

CREATE TABLE quest_main (
    main_id number(10) DEFAULT quest_main_sq.NEXTVAL NOT NULL,
    e_id          NUMBER(10),
    ref_quest_id  NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT pk_quest_main PRIMARY KEY ( main_id ),
    CONSTRAINT fk_quest_main FOREIGN KEY ( e_id )
        REFERENCES main_quest ( e_id )
);

我的尝试：

MERGE INTO quest_main m
           USING (SELECT n.e_id,
                         n.data_separator,
                         qr.ref_id separator
                    FROM quest_staging n
                         JOIN quest_ref qr
                            ON     qr.ref_value = n.data_separator
                               AND qr.ref_cat = 'cat_1'
                                    ) x
              ON (m.e_id = x.e_id)
      WHEN MATCHED
      THEN
         UPDATE SET  m.ref_quest_id = x.separator
      WHEN NOT MATCHED
      THEN
         INSERT     (main_id,
                     e_id,
                     ref_quest_id
                     )
             VALUES (quest_main_sq.nextval,
                     x.e_id,
                     x.separator
                     );

面临的问题：我想根据暂存表（即 quest_staging）和查找表（即 quest_ref）将记录插入到表主表（即 quest_main）中。如果暂存表中的 data_separator 列与查找表中的 ref_value 列匹配，则插入将发生在主表中。暂存表中的数据是 main_quest 表的子集。因此，如果在插入临时表中的记录时 main_quest 表中不存在 e_id，那么它应该跳过该记录并插入剩余的记录。但是在这里我遇到了类似的错误 错误报告 - ORA-02291: 违反完整性约束 (TAM.FK_QUEST_MAIN) - 未找到父键，因为 main_quest 表中不存在 e_id 20。但我需要处理它，它会跳过 e_id 20 并插入剩余的。

使用的工具：SQL Developer 版本：20.4.1.407.0006

预期输出：

Answer 1

如果我对您的理解正确，它只是修复它的 USING 中的 WHERE 子句（参见第 7 - 10 行）：

SQL> MERGE INTO quest_main m
  2       USING (SELECT n.e_id, n.data_separator, qr.ref_id separator
  3                FROM quest_staging n
  4                     JOIN quest_ref qr
  5                        ON     qr.ref_value = n.data_separator
  6                           AND qr.ref_cat = 'cat_1'
  7               WHERE EXISTS
  8                        (SELECT NULL
  9                           FROM main_quest m
 10                          WHERE m.e_id = n.e_id)) x
 11          ON (m.e_id = x.e_id)
 12  WHEN MATCHED
 13  THEN
 14     UPDATE SET m.ref_quest_id = x.separator
 15  WHEN NOT MATCHED
 16  THEN
 17     INSERT     (main_id, e_id, ref_quest_id)
 18         VALUES (quest_main_sq.NEXTVAL, x.e_id, x.separator);

5 rows merged.

结果：

SQL> select * from quest_main;

   MAIN_ID       E_ID REF_QUEST_ID
---------- ---------- ------------
        24         12            2
        26         13            3
        28         14            4
        30         15            5
        32         11            8

SQL>

附：谢谢你的测试用例！