根据另一个表的工作时间计算持续时间

Question

我有一个表，它注册了商店执行的某些进程的所有步骤，如下所示：

Store	Step	Timestamp
1	1	2022-10-10 10:00:00.000
1	2	2022-10-10 10:30:00.000
1	3	2022-10-11 09:00:00.000
1	4	2022-10-13 10:00:00.000

还有一个有开店和关店时间的：2

Store	Open	Close	Dayofweek	Day
1	08:00:00.000	17:00:00.000	1	monday
1	08:00:00.000	17:00:00.000	2	tuesday
1	null	null	3	wednesday
1	09:00:00.000	18:00:00.000	4	thursday
2	09:00:00.000	18:00:00.000	1	monday
2	09:00:00.000	18:00:00.000	2	tuesday
2	09:00:00.000	12:00:00.000	3	wednesday
2	09:00:00.000	18:00:00.000	4	thursday

因此，我需要计算每家商店完成这些步骤所需的时间。结果应该是这样的：

Store	Duration(hours)
1	17

obs：7（星期一）+ 9（星期二）+ 0（星期三）+ 1（星期四）= 17

有人知道不使用函数的解决方案吗？

我尝试通过使用连接来做到这一点，但是持续时间（以天为单位）并不总是相同的，我遇到了一些问题。

Answer 1

这个答案使用 TSQL，而不是 postgres。需要对其进行调整以使用 postgres 来完全回答问题。 因为它确实解决了问题，所以我把它留在这里，以便更熟悉 postgres 的人可以将它用作参考。

这变得非常复杂，因为您基本上需要每天进行日期数学运算，并使用正确的开始/结束时间进行数学运算。

这是一个工作示例，您可以使用它进行测试以使您更接近目标，以及我测试它的数据> 请注意，我更改了您列出的 WeekDay 值以匹配我的 SQL Server 的配置方式。

DECLARE @Steps TABLE (StoreID INT, StepID INT, TimeStamp DATETIME);
INSERT INTO @Steps (StoreID, StepID, TimeStamp) VALUES
(1, 1, '2022-10-10 10:00:00.000'),
(1, 2, '2022-10-10 10:30:00.000'),
(1, 3, '2022-10-11 09:00:00.000'),
(1, 4, '2022-10-13 10:00:00.000'),
(2, 1, '2022-10-10 10:00:00.000'),
(2, 2, '2022-10-10 10:30:00.000'),
(2, 3, '2022-10-10 11:00:00.000'),
(2, 4, '2022-10-10 11:30:00.000');

DECLARE @Stores TABLE (StoreID INT, OpenTime TIME, CloseTime TIME, Dayofweek TINYINT, Day NVARCHAR(20));
INSERT INTO @Stores (StoreID, OpenTime, CloseTime, Dayofweek, Day) VALUES
(1, '08:00:00.000','17:00:00.000', 2, 'monday'),
(1, '08:00:00.000','17:00:00.000', 3, 'tuesday'),
(1,  NULL,           NULL        , 4, 'wednesday'),
(1, '09:00:00.000','18:00:00.000', 5, 'thursday'),
(2, '09:00:00.000','18:00:00.000', 2, 'monday'),
(2, '09:00:00.000','18:00:00.000', 3, 'tuesday'),
(2, '09:00:00.000','12:00:00.000', 4, 'wednesday'),
(2, '09:00:00.000','18:00:00.000', 5, 'thursday');

;WITH stepStartEnd AS (
SELECT StoreID, MIN(TimeStamp) AS StartDateTime, MAX(TimeStamp) AS FinishDateTime
  FROM @Steps s
 GROUP BY StoreID
), StepDays AS (
SELECT StoreID, StartDateTime, FinishDateTime, DATEPART(WEEKDAY,StartDateTime) AS Day, 1 AS iSStart
  FROM stepStartEnd
 UNION ALL
SELECT StoreID, DATEADD(DAY,1,StartDateTime), FinishDateTime, DATEPART(WEEKDAY,DATEADD(DAY,1,StartDateTime)) AS Day, 0
  FROM StepDays
 WHERE StepDays.FinishDateTime > StartDateTime
   AND CAST(StartDateTime AS DATE) <> CAST(StepDays.FinishDateTime AS DATE)
), WorkHours AS (
SELECT s.StoreID, sd.StartDateTime, sd.FinishDateTime,
CASE WHEN CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,OpenTime,108) AS DATETIME) < sd.FinishDateTime AND iSStart = 1 THEN 
CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,108) AS DATETIME)
ELSE CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,s.OpenTime,108) AS DATETIME) END AS TodaysStartTime,
CASE WHEN CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,s.CloseTime,108) AS DATETIME) > sd.FinishDateTime THEN 
CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.FinishDateTime,108) AS DATETIME)
ELSE CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,sd.StartDateTime,111)+' '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,s.CloseTime,108) AS DATETIME) END AS TodaysEndTime
  FROM StepDays sd
    INNER JOIN @stores s
      ON SD.StoreID = s.StoreID
      AND sd.Day = s.Dayofweek
)

SELECT StoreID, SUM(DATEDIFF(MINUTE,TodaysStartTime, TodaysEndTime)/60.0) AS WorkHours
  FROM WorkHours
 GROUP BY StoreID

StoreID WorkHours
-----------------
1       17.000000
2       1.500000