首先，“CommonDialog 类”似乎无法在 32 位版本的 Office 上运行。它给出了相同的 OleDb 错误。正如其中一位评论者指出的那样，这不是您应该使用的控件。虽然您可能还可以使用另一个 ActiveX 控件，但实际上并不能保证它在您想要部署数据库的每台机器上都可用。我的开发箱上装有 Visual Studio 6、VS 2008 和 VS 2010，此外还有 Office 和其他程序，所有这些程序都提供了普通用户无法拥有的 ActiveX DLL。此外，这些库中有许多是不可再分发的，或者构成了可能根本不值得麻烦的独特安装障碍。
到目前为止，最简单、最通用的解决方案是从 Windows API 调用“打开”对话框。它位于 comdlg32.dll 中，该文件适用于您可能针对的每个 Windows 版本, 并且不对 comdlg32.ocx 施加任何依赖。它还提供比使用 ActiveX 控件更好的性能，因为它不需要将额外的模块加载到内存中。
所需的代码也不是很复杂。您需要为函数GetOpenFileName 提供声明，该函数会创建“打开”对话框。它采用单个参数，OPENFILENAME structure 的一个实例，其中包含用于初始化对话框的信息，以及接收用户选择的文件的路径。因此，您还需要提供此结构的声明。 VBA 中的代码如下所示：
Private Type OPENFILENAME
lStructSize As Long
hwndOwner As Long
hInstance As Long
lpstrFilter As String
lpstrCustomFilter As String
nMaxCustFilter As Long
nFilterIndex As Long
lpstrFile As String
nMaxFile As Long
lpstrFileTitle As String
nMaxFileTitle As Long
lpstrInitialDir As String
lpstrTitle As String
flags As Long
nFileOffset As Integer
nFileExtension As Integer
lpstrDefExt As String
lCustData As Long
lpfnHook As Long
lpTemplateName As String
End Type
Private Declare Function GetOpenFileName Lib "comdlg32.dll" _
Alias "GetOpenFileNameA" (ByRef lpofn As OPENFILENAME) As Long
还有几个常量可以作为标志传递来自定义对话框的行为。为了完整起见，以下是完整列表：
Private Const OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT As Long = &H200
Private Const OFN_CREATEPROMPT As Long = &H2000
Private Const OFN_ENABLEHOOK As Long = &H20
Private Const OFN_ENABLETEMPLATE As Long = &H40
Private Const OFN_ENABLETEMPLATEHANDLE As Long = &H80
Private Const OFN_EXPLORER As Long = &H80000
Private Const OFN_EXTENSIONDIFFERENT As Long = &H400
Private Const OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST As Long = &H1000
Private Const OFN_HIDEREADONLY As Long = &H4
Private Const OFN_LONGNAMES As Long = &H200000
Private Const OFN_NOCHANGEDIR As Long = &H8
Private Const OFN_NODEREFERENCELINKS As Long = &H100000
Private Const OFN_NOLONGNAMES As Long = &H40000
Private Const OFN_NONETWORKBUTTON As Long = &H20000
Private Const OFN_NOREADONLYRETURN As Long = &H8000&
Private Const OFN_NOTESTFILECREATE As Long = &H10000
Private Const OFN_NOVALIDATE As Long = &H100
Private Const OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT As Long = &H2
Private Const OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST As Long = &H800
Private Const OFN_READONLY As Long = &H1
Private Const OFN_SHAREAWARE As Long = &H4000
Private Const OFN_SHAREFALLTHROUGH As Long = 2
Private Const OFN_SHAREWARN As Long = 0
Private Const OFN_SHARENOWARN As Long = 1
Private Const OFN_SHOWHELP As Long = &H10
Private Const OFS_MAXPATHNAME As Long = 260
为了方便起见，我将整个混乱包裹在一个帮助函数中，您可以在 VBA 中调用该函数。它接受您最常需要为打开文件对话框设置的属性作为参数，处理调用 Windows API 本身，然后返回用户选择的文件的完整路径或空字符串 (vbNullString)如果用户单击取消按钮。您可以在调用代码中测试返回值以确定要采取的行动。
'This function shows the Windows Open File dialog with the specified
' parameters, and either returns the full path to the selected file,
' or an empty string if the user cancels.
Public Function OpenFile(ByVal Title As String, ByVal Filter As String, _
ByVal FilterIndex As Integer, ByVal StartPath As String, _
Optional OwnerForm As Form = Nothing) As String
'Create and populate an OPENFILENAME structure
'using the specified parameters
Dim ofn As OPENFILENAME
With ofn
.lStructSize = Len(ofn)
If OwnerForm Is Nothing Then
.hwndOwner = 0
Else
.hwndOwner = OwnerForm.Hwnd
End If
.lpstrFilter = Filter
.nFilterIndex = FilterIndex
.lpstrFile = Space$(1024) & vbNullChar & vbNullChar
.nMaxFile = Len(ofn.lpstrFile)
.lpstrFileTitle = vbNullChar & Space$(512) & vbNullChar & vbNullChar
.nMaxFileTitle = Len(.lpstrFileTitle)
.lpstrInitialDir = StartPath & vbNullChar & vbNullChar
.lpstrTitle = Title
.flags = OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST
End With
'Call the Windows API function to show the dialog
If GetOpenFileName(ofn) = 0 Then
'The user pressed cancel, so return an empty string
OpenFile = vbNullString
Else
'The user selected a file, so remove the null-terminators
' and return the full path
OpenFile = Trim$(Left$(ofn.lpstrFile, Len(ofn.lpstrFile) - 2))
End If
End Function
哇，结果很长。您需要将许多声明复制并粘贴到模块中，但您实际必须处理的界面非常简单。以下是您如何在代码中实际使用它来显示打开文件对话框并获取文件路径的示例：
Public Sub DoWork()
'Set the filter string (patterns) for the open file dialog
Dim strFilter As String
strFilter = "Text Files (*.txt)" & vbNullChar & "*.txt*" & vbNullChar & _
"All Files (*.*)" & vbNullChar & "*.*" & vbNullChar & vbNullChar
'Show the open file dialog with the custom title, the filters specified
' above, and starting in the root directory of the C: drive.
Dim strFileToOpen As String
strFileToOpen = OpenFile("Choose a file to open", strFilter, 0, "C:\")
'See if the user selected a file
If strFileToOpen = vbNullString Then
MsgBox "The user pressed the Cancel button."
Else
MsgBox "The user chose to open the following file: " & _
vbNewLine & strFileToOpen
End If
End Sub
编写和测试此解决方案最长的部分实际上是试图找到如何打开 VBA 编辑器并在 Access 中编写宏。对于使用主菜单进行“粘贴”和“保存”的人来说，功能区可能是一项伟大的发明，但真是太痛苦了。我整天都在使用软件，但我仍然找不到东西。 [/rant]