Powershell Hex、Int 和 Bit 标志检查

Question

我正在尝试处理来自 MECM 命令的标志获取 CMTaskSequenceDeployment称为“广告标志”。

来自 Microsoft 的与此值相关的信息是 HERE

返回的值指定为：数据类型：UInt32

在标志表中，我需要检查的标志如下：

Hexadecimal (Bit)	Description
0x00000020 (5)	IMMEDIATE. Announce the advertisement to the user immediately.

作为我的 Powershell 脚本的一部分，我试图确定是否设置了此标志。

我可以通过将其转换为二进制来看到某个特定位被设置。

启用设置时：

DRIVE:\> [convert]::ToString((Get-CMTaskSequenceDeployment -AdvertisementID ABC20723).AdvertFlags, 2) 
100110010000000000100000

当设置被禁用时：

DRIVE:\> [convert]::ToString((Get-CMTaskSequenceDeployment -AdvertisementID ABC20723).AdvertFlags, 2) 
100110010000000000000000

第 6 位已更改。伟大的！不过到目前为止，我一直无法找到一种方法来检查该位是否已设置。我怀疑按位运算符（-band -bor 等）中的某些东西会在这里帮助我，但我一直无法让它工作。

我尝试的任何按位运算都会返回错误：

"System.UInt64". Error: "Value was either too large or too small for a UInt64."

我的意思是，我可以逐字比较字符串，但其他选项可能随时更改。

非常感谢任何帮助。

编辑：作为我看到的错误的一个例子，我可以看到设置的位是'32'，根据我有限的理解，我应该能够：

PS:\> '100110010000000000100000' -band '32'
Cannot convert value "100110010000000000100000" to type "System.UInt64". Error: "Value was either too large or too small for a UInt64."
At line:1 char:1
+ '100110010000000000100000' -band '32'
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvalidCastIConvertible

但我总是返回一个错误

Answer 1

测试bit6 in

$AdvertFlags = (Get-CMTaskSequenceDeployment -AdvertisementID ABC20723).AdvertFlags

应该只是：

if ($AdvertFlags -band 32) { 'bit6 is set' } else { 'bit6 is not set' }

我无法使用Get-CMTaskSequenceDeployment cmdlet 访问部署环境，但要确认我在说什么：

$AdvertFlags = [Convert]::ToUInt32("100110010000000000100000", 2)
$AdvertFlags
10027040
if ($AdvertFlags -band 32) { 'bit6 is set' } else { 'bit6 is not set' }
bit6 is set

$AdvertFlags = [Convert]::ToUInt32("100110010000000000000000", 2)
$AdvertFlags
10027008
if ($AdvertFlags -band 32) { 'bit6 is set' } else { 'bit6 is not set' }
bit6 is not set

您使用[bigint]'100110010000000000100000' -band "32" 测试bit6 的自我回答仅仅是它返回预期值的巧合：

10027035..10027045 |ForEach-Object {
    $Binary = [convert]::ToString($_, 2)
    [pscustomobject]@{
        Binary = $Binary
        bAnd   = $_ -bAnd 32
        Bigint = [bigint]$Binary -band "32"
    }
}

产量：

Binary                   bAnd Bigint
------                   ---- ------
100110010000000000011011    0      0
100110010000000000011100    0      0
100110010000000000011101    0      0
100110010000000000011110    0     32 # ← incorrect
100110010000000000011111    0     32 # ← incorrect
100110010000000000100000   32     32
100110010000000000100001   32     32
100110010000000000100010   32     32
100110010000000000100011   32     32
100110010000000000100100   32      0 # ← incorrect
100110010000000000100101   32      0 # ← incorrect

enumerations as flags

但是 PowerShell 有一个更好的方法来按名称测试它们：

[Flags()] enum AdvertFlags {
    IMMEDIATE                         = 0x00000020 # Announce the advertisement to the user immediately.
    ONSYSTEMSTARTUP                   = 0x00000100 # Announce the advertisement to the user on system startup.
    ONUSERLOGON                       = 0x00000200 # Announce the advertisement to the user on logon.
    ONUSERLOGOFF                      = 0x00000400 # Announce the advertisement to the user on logoff.
    OPTIONALPREDOWNLOAD               = 0x00001000 # If the selected architecture and language matches that of the client, the package content will be downloaded in advance
    WINDOWS_CE                        = 0x00008000 # The advertisement is for a device client.
    ENABLE_PEER_CACHING               = 0x00010000 # This information applies to System Center 2012 Configuration Manager SP1 or later, and System Center 2012 R2 Configuration Manager or later.
    DONOT_FALLBACK                    = 0x00020000 # Do not fall back to unprotected distribution points.
    ENABLE_TS_FROM_CD_AND_PXE         = 0x00040000 # The task sequence is available to removable media and the pre-boot execution environment (PXE) service point.
    APTSINTRANETONLY                  = 0x00080000 #
    OVERRIDE_SERVICE_WINDOWS          = 0x00100000 # Override maintenance windows in announcing the advertisement to the user.
    REBOOT_OUTSIDE_OF_SERVICE_WINDOWS = 0x00200000 # Reboot outside of maintenance windows.
    WAKE_ON_LAN_ENABLED               = 0x00400000 # Announce the advertisement to the user with Wake On LAN enabled.
    SHOW_PROGRESS                     = 0x00800000 # Announce the advertisement to the user showing task sequence progress.
    NO_DISPLAY                        = 0x02000000 # The user should not run programs independently of the assignment.
    ONSLOWNET                         = 0x04000000 # Assignments are mandatory over a slow network connection.
    TARGETTOWINPE                     = 0x10000000 # Target this deployment to WinPE only.
    HIDDENINWINPE                     = 0x20000000 # Target this deployment to WinPE only but hide in WinPE. It can only be used by TS variable SMSTSPreferredAdvertID.
}

# $AdvertFlags = [AdvertFlags](Get-CMTaskSequenceDeployment -AdvertisementID ABC20723).AdvertFlags
$AdvertFlags = [AdvertFlags][Convert]::ToUInt32("100110010000000000100000", 2)
# or: $AdvertFlags = [AdvertFlags]('IMMEDIATE', 'ENABLE_PEER_CACHING', 'APTSINTRANETONLY', 'OVERRIDE_SERVICE_WINDOWS', 'SHOW_PROGRESS')
$AdvertFlags
IMMEDIATE, ENABLE_PEER_CACHING, APTSINTRANETONLY, OVERRIDE_SERVICE_WINDOWS, SHOW_PROGRESS
$AdvertFlags -bAnd [AdvertFlags]'IMMEDIATE'
IMMEDIATE

Answer 2

编辑：如上所述，我的回答不正确。离开这里是为了繁荣！

与往常一样，我相信我在发布后几分钟就找到了答案（花了几个小时之后！）。

通过将类型调整为 [bigint]，比较能够完成并返回预期的答案：

DRIVE:> [bigint]'100110010000000000100000' -band "32"
32

所以一个简单的：

If (([bigint]'100110010000000000100000' -band "32") -gt 0){$true}else{$false}
True

和：

If (([bigint]'100110010000000000000000' -band "32") -gt 0){$true}else{$false}
False

解决了我的问题。如果这不是理想的继续方式，请随时提供任何额外的建议。

我虽然在自动定义类型等时 PS 会很聪明。但这是针对 Server 2012 R2 上的 PS5。