使用 teradata 系统表获取列类型

Question

我想从 dbc.columns 等 teradata 系统表中获取实际的列类型。

此表具有列 columntype 但未给出实际数据类型。

我可以用

得到输出

select type(columnname) from table
output: varchar2(20) 

但是有 1000 个表和 50000 个列。请提出一些查询，这些查询可以为我提供元数​​据本身的实际列类型

Answer 1

对于视图，columntype 将为 NULL，因为它是在运行时解析的。

对于单个表，您可以执行 HELP COLUMN viewname.*; 来获取实际的数据类型。

顺便说一句，Teradata 中没有 Varchar2 这样的类型，那就是 Oracle :-)

编辑： 似乎您想要列的完整定义。这是一个 SQL UDF，返回的信息与您在 SHOW TABLE 中找到的信息相同（我不确定是否也涵盖了 TD14.10，我还没有检查）：

REPLACE FUNCTION DataTypeString 
 (
  ColumnType CHAR(2),
  ColumnLength INT,
  DecimalTotalDigits SMALLINT,
  DecimalFractionalDigits SMALLINT,
  CharType SMALLINT,
  ColumnUDTName VARCHAR(128) CHARACTER SET UNICODE
 )
RETURNS VARCHAR(60)
LANGUAGE SQL
CONTAINS SQL
DETERMINISTIC
SQL SECURITY DEFINER
COLLATION INVOKER
INLINE TYPE 1
RETURN 
  CASE ColumnType
    WHEN 'BF' THEN 'BYTE('            || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'
    WHEN 'BV' THEN 'VARBYTE('         || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'
    WHEN 'CF' THEN 'CHAR('            || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'
    WHEN 'CV' THEN 'VARCHAR('         || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'
    WHEN 'D ' THEN 'DECIMAL('         || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ','
                                      || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'DA' THEN 'DATE'
    WHEN 'F ' THEN 'FLOAT'
    WHEN 'I1' THEN 'BYTEINT'
    WHEN 'I2' THEN 'SMALLINT'
    WHEN 'I8' THEN 'BIGINT'
    WHEN 'I ' THEN 'INTEGER'
    WHEN 'AT' THEN 'TIME('            || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'TS' THEN 'TIMESTAMP('       || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'TZ' THEN 'TIME('            || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')' || ' WITH TIME ZONE'
    WHEN 'SZ' THEN 'TIMESTAMP('       || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')' || ' WITH TIME ZONE'
    WHEN 'YR' THEN 'INTERVAL YEAR('   || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'YM' THEN 'INTERVAL YEAR('   || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO MONTH'
    WHEN 'MO' THEN 'INTERVAL MONTH('  || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'DY' THEN 'INTERVAL DAY('    || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'DH' THEN 'INTERVAL DAY('    || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO HOUR'
    WHEN 'DM' THEN 'INTERVAL DAY('    || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO MINUTE'
    WHEN 'DS' THEN 'INTERVAL DAY('    || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO SECOND('
                                      || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'HR' THEN 'INTERVAL HOUR('   || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'HM' THEN 'INTERVAL HOUR('   || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO MINUTE'
    WHEN 'HS' THEN 'INTERVAL HOUR('   || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO SECOND('
                                      || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'MI' THEN 'INTERVAL MINUTE(' || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'MS' THEN 'INTERVAL MINUTE(' || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ')'      || ' TO SECOND('
                                      || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'SC' THEN 'INTERVAL SECOND(' || TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) || ',' 
                                      || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')'
    WHEN 'BO' THEN 'BLOB('            || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'
    WHEN 'CO' THEN 'CLOB('            || TRIM(CAST(ColumnLength AS INTEGER)) || ')'

    WHEN 'PD' THEN 'PERIOD(DATE)'     
    WHEN 'PM' THEN 'PERIOD(TIMESTAMP('|| TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || ')' || ' WITH TIME ZONE'
    WHEN 'PS' THEN 'PERIOD(TIMESTAMP('|| TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || '))'
    WHEN 'PT' THEN 'PERIOD(TIME('     || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || '))'
    WHEN 'PZ' THEN 'PERIOD(TIME('     || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) || '))' || ' WITH TIME ZONE'
    WHEN 'UT' THEN COALESCE(ColumnUDTName,  '<Unknown> ' || ColumnType)

    WHEN '++' THEN 'TD_ANYTYPE'
    WHEN 'N'  THEN 'NUMBER('          || CASE WHEN DecimalTotalDigits = -128 THEN '*' ELSE TRIM(DecimalTotalDigits) END
                                      || CASE WHEN DecimalFractionalDigits IN (0, -128) THEN '' ELSE ',' || TRIM(DecimalFractionalDigits) END
                                      || ')'
    WHEN 'A1' THEN COALESCE('SYSUDTLIB.' || ColumnUDTName,  '<Unknown> ' || ColumnType)
    WHEN 'AN' THEN COALESCE('SYSUDTLIB.' || ColumnUDTName,  '<Unknown> ' || ColumnType)

    ELSE '<Unknown> ' || ColumnType
  END 
  || CASE
        WHEN ColumnType IN ('CV', 'CF', 'CO') 
        THEN CASE CharType 
                WHEN 1 THEN ' CHARACTER SET LATIN'
                WHEN 2 THEN ' CHARACTER SET UNICODE'
                WHEN 3 THEN ' CHARACTER SET KANJISJIS'
                WHEN 4 THEN ' CHARACTER SET GRAPHIC'
                WHEN 5 THEN ' CHARACTER SET KANJI1'
                ELSE ''
             END
         ELSE ''
      END
;

Answer 2

我找到了这个声明

SELECT
DATABASENAME, TABLENAME, COLUMNNAME, TRIM(COLUMNTYPE)||'('||TRIM(COLUMNNUM)||')'  
FROM (
  SELECT DATABASENAME, TABLENAME, COLUMNNAME,
  CASE 
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='CF' THEN 'CHAR'
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='CV' THEN 'VARCHAR'
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='D'  THEN 'DECIMAL' 
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='TS' THEN 'TIMESTAMP'      
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='I'  THEN 'INTEGER'
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='I2' THEN 'SMALLINT'
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='DA' THEN 'DATE'  
  END AS COLUMNTYPE,
  CASE 
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='CF' THEN COLUMNLENGTH
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='CV' THEN COLUMNLENGTH
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='D'  THEN (DECIMALTOTALDIGITS||','||DECIMALFRACTIONALDIGITS)
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='TS' THEN COLUMNLENGTH     
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='I'  THEN DECIMALTOTALDIGITS
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='I2' THEN DECIMALTOTALDIGITS
    WHEN COLUMNTYPE='DA' THEN NULL
  END AS COLUMNNUM
  FROM DBC.COLUMNS
  WHERE DATABASENAME='your database' 
) TBL   

Answer 3

通过Retrieving column and other metadata information in Teradata 我建议从 DBC 表中提取表和列的名称，然后构建一个“简单脚本”来获取所有信息。我对 TD 毫无头绪，但从 Quick Reference 开始，创建一个动态获取结果并将其插入到您自己的表中的循环应该不会太难。

最后是提出游标的好案例 =)