Hibernate + PostgreSQL：关系不存在 - SQL 错误：0，SQLState：42P01答案

【问题标题】：Hibernate + PostgreSQL : relation does not exist - SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42P01Hibernate + PostgreSQL：关系不存在 - SQL 错误：0，SQLState：42P01
【发布时间】：2011-02-13 13:01:26
【问题描述】：

我在尝试使用 PostgreSQL 和 Hibernate 时遇到了一些问题，更具体地说，是标题中提到的问题。我已经在网上搜索了几个小时，但没有找到适合我的解决方案。

我正在为 Web 开发人员使用 Eclipse Java EE IDE。内部版本号：20090920-1017，在 Ubuntu 9.10 上使用 HibernateTools、Hibernate 3、PostgreSQL 8.4.3。

以下是相关文件：

Message.class

package hello;

        public class Message {
         private Long id;
         private String text;

         public Message() {
         }

         public Long getId() {
          return id;
         }

         public void setId(Long id) {
          this.id = id;
         }

         public String getText() {
          return text;
         }

         public void setText(String text) {
          this.text = text;
         }
        }

Message.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="hello">
  <class 
   name="Message"
   table="public.messages">
   <id  name="id" column="id">
    <generator class="assigned"/>
   </id>
   <property name="text" column="messagetext"/>
   </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
  "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
  "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.postgresql.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">bar</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:postgresql:postgres/tommy</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">foo</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type">DEBUG</property>
        <mapping resource="hello/Message.hbm.xml"/> 
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

主要

package hello;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class App {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure()
    .buildSessionFactory();

  Message message = new Message();
  message.setText("Hello Cruel World");
  message.setId(2L);

  Session session = null;
  Transaction transaction = null;
  try {
   session = sessionFactory.openSession();
   transaction = session.beginTransaction();
   session.save(message);
  } catch (Exception e) {
   System.out.println("Exception attemtping to Add message: "
     + e.getMessage());

  } finally {
   if (session != null && session.isOpen()) {
    if (transaction != null)
     transaction.commit();
    session.flush();
    session.close();
   }

  }
 }
}

表结构：

foo=# \d messages
 Table "public.messages"
   Column    |  Type   | Modifiers 
-------------+---------+-----------
 id          | integer | 
 messagetext | text    |

运行时的 Eclipse 控制台输出

Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: Hibernate 3.5.1-Final
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: hibernate.properties not found
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider
INFO: Bytecode provider name : javassist
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: using JDK 1.4 java.sql.Timestamp handling
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure
INFO: configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream
INFO: Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:53 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: Reading mappings from resource : hello/Message.hbm.xml
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder bindRootPersistentClassCommonValues
INFO: Mapping class: hello.Message -> public.messages
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure
INFO: Configured SessionFactory: null
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider configure
INFO: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider configure
INFO: Hibernate connection pool size: 20
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider configure
INFO: autocommit mode: false
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider configure
INFO: using driver: org.postgresql.Driver at URL: jdbc:postgresql:postgres/tommy
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider configure
INFO: connection properties: {user=foo, password=****}
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: RDBMS: PostgreSQL, version: 8.4.3
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: JDBC driver: PostgreSQL Native Driver, version: PostgreSQL 8.4 JDBC4 (build 701)
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.JdbcSupportLoader useContextualLobCreation
INFO: Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error : java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.transaction.TransactionFactoryFactory buildTransactionFactory
INFO: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.transaction.TransactionManagerLookupFactory getTransactionManagerLookup
INFO: No TransactionManagerLookup configured (in JTA environment, use of read-write or transactional second-level cache is not recommended)
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Automatic flush during beforeCompletion(): disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Automatic session close at end of transaction: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: JDBC batch size: 15
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: JDBC batch updates for versioned data: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Scrollable result sets: enabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: JDBC3 getGeneratedKeys(): enabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Connection release mode: auto
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Default batch fetch size: 1
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Generate SQL with comments: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Order SQL updates by primary key: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Order SQL inserts for batching: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory createQueryTranslatorFactory
INFO: Query translator: org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init>
INFO: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Query language substitutions: {}
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: JPA-QL strict compliance: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Second-level cache: enabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Query cache: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory createRegionFactory
INFO: Cache region factory : org.hibernate.cache.impl.NoCachingRegionFactory
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Optimize cache for minimal puts: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Structured second-level cache entries: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Echoing all SQL to stdout
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Statistics: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Deleted entity synthetic identifier rollback: disabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Default entity-mode: pojo
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Named query checking : enabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory buildSettings
INFO: Check Nullability in Core (should be disabled when Bean Validation is on): enabled
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:54 PM org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl <init>
INFO: building session factory
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory addInstance
INFO: Not binding factory to JNDI, no JNDI name configured
Hibernate: insert into public.messages (messagetext, id) values (?, ?)
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions
WARNING: SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42P01
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions
SEVERE: Batch entry 0 insert into public.messages (messagetext, id) values ('Hello Cruel World', '2') was aborted.  Call getNextException to see the cause.
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions
WARNING: SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42P01
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions
SEVERE: ERROR: relation "public.messages" does not exist
  Position: 13
Apr 28, 2010 11:13:55 PM org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener performExecutions
SEVERE: Could not synchronize database state with session
org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
 at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:92)
 at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:275)
 at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:263)
 at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:179)
 at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:321)
 at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:51)
 at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1206)
 at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:375)
 at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:137)
 at hello.App.main(App.java:31)
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Batch entry 0 insert into public.messages (messagetext, id) values ('Hello Cruel World', '2') was aborted.  Call getNextException to see the cause.
 at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement$BatchResultHandler.handleError(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:2569)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl$1.handleError(QueryExecutorImpl.java:459)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1796)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:407)
 at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeBatch(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:2708)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:70)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:268)
 ... 8 more
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
 at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:92)
 at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:275)
 at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:263)
 at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:179)
 at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:321)
 at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:51)
 at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1206)
 at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:375)
 at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:137)
 at hello.App.main(App.java:31)
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Batch entry 0 insert into public.messages (messagetext, id) values ('Hello Cruel World', '2') was aborted.  Call getNextException to see the cause.
 at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement$BatchResultHandler.handleError(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:2569)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl$1.handleError(QueryExecutorImpl.java:459)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1796)
 at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:407)
 at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeBatch(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:2708)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:70)
 at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:268)
 ... 8 more

PostgreSQL 日志文件

2010-04-28 23:13:55 EEST LOG:  execute S_1: BEGIN
2010-04-28 23:13:55 EEST ERROR:  relation "public.messages" does not exist at character 13
2010-04-28 23:13:55 EEST STATEMENT:  insert into public.messages (messagetext, id) values ($1, $2)
2010-04-28 23:13:55 EEST LOG:  unexpected EOF on client connection

如果我将查询复制/粘贴到 postgre 命令行并将值放入 and ;之后，它就可以工作了。

一切都是小写的，所以我不认为这是那个问题。

如果我切换到 MySQL，相同的代码相同的项目（我只更改驱动程序，URL，身份验证），它可以工作。

在 Eclipse Datasource Explorer 中，我可以 ping 数据库并且它成功了。奇怪的是我也看不到那里的桌子。它扩展了公共模式，但不扩展表。可能是一些权限问题吗？

谢谢！

【问题讨论】：

我遇到了同样的问题，但是，问题是每当我自己指定架构（使用 sql）时，休眠成功地映射表。当我让 Hibernate 使用hibernate.hb2ddl.auto=create 自己定义架构时，它没有这样做，不知道为什么。我希望 Hibernate 能够自行推断架构并在实体或关系发生变化时对其进行修改。

标签： eclipse hibernate postgresql

【解决方案1】：

您的 JDBC URL 是“jdbc:postgresql:postgres/tommy”，这很不寻常。 documentation 建议使用“jdbc://hostname/databasename”。现代安装带有一个“postgres”数据库，几乎绝对不是您想要连接的；不知道JDBC驱动的URL解析有多严格。

您希望您的数据库名称和主机名是什么？例如以这种方式连接到数据库的 psql 参数是什么？

提示：在 postgresql.conf 中，一些你可以考虑的设置：

log_connections = on
log_disconnections = on
log_line_prefix = '%t %c %q%u@%h:%d '

如果错误是我认为的（您连接到错误的数据库），这将在您的 postgresql.log 文件中记录数据库名称等内容以及错误。

【讨论】：

你是对的！我编辑了conf，发现我正在连接到postgres数据库。我从数据源资源管理器中获得了 url，这是默认值，我认为那是“根”，然后将我的数据库名称 tommy 放在它后面......我的新 url：jdbc:postgresql:tommy 并且这有效。不知道文档建议的形式，我尝试了 jdbc://localhost/postgresql/tommy 但它没有用。无论如何，它现在可以与 jdbc:postgresql:tommy url 一起使用，非常感谢！
也推荐使用该 URL 格式，因为数据库与客户端位于同一主机上。
那些日志真的很有用。就我而言，Postgres 不喜欢 Spring JPA 使用的方言，其形式为 >。相反，Postgres 想要 >。现在我必须弄清楚如何让 JPA 使用该表单。

【解决方案2】：

我刚刚通过指定架构解决了相同/相似的问题。

@Entity
@Table(name = "mytable", schema="myschema")
public class MyTable implements Serializable {
    ...

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

另一个答案可能是检查架构权限 - 这可能对碰巧遇到此问题主题标题的其他人有用。关于错误消息，我有相同的确切症状；

<SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42P01>
<ERROR: relation "tablename" does not exist>

解决方案是为我用来登录的用户启用该架构的权限。

另外：请注意，这里的一个很好的诊断工具是使用您的程序正在使用的同一用户登录 postgres 命令行控制台，并尝试以相同的方式访问表和架构。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

在 application.properties 中

"spring.datasource.hikari.schema="

【讨论】：