Autowired MockMvc 在 JUnit 5 和 Spring boot 中为空答案

【问题标题】：Autowired MockMvc is null with JUnit 5 and Spring bootAutowired MockMvc 在 JUnit 5 和 Spring boot 中为空
【发布时间】：2022-08-19 23:25:05
【问题描述】：

我有一个类测试，当我运行测试时会向我发送一个错误。我关注了几个线程，我有正确的 import \"import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test\" 所以我不明白为什么它会向我发送此错误：

无法调用 \"org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc.perform(org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder)\" 因为 \"this.mockMvc\" 为空

我的代码：

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@WebMvcTest(TestController.class)
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private CreateMessageProvider createMessageProvider;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc.perform(get(\"/test\"))
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(\"OK\"));
    }
}

摇篮配置：

        mockitoCoreVersion = \'4.6.1\'
        mockitoJunitJupiterVersion = \'4.6.1\'
        springBootTestVersion = \'2.7.2\'
        springTestVersion = \'5.3.22\'

    testImplementation \"org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:$springBootTestVersion\"
    testImplementation \"org.springframework:spring-test:$springTestVersion\"
    testImplementation \"org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:$mockitoJunitJupiterVersion\"
    testImplementation \"org.mockito:mockito-core:$mockitoCoreVersion\"

编辑：我找到了解决方案。我的 gradle 文件没有这个依赖：

testImplementation \"org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:2.7.2\"

尝试添加@AutoConfigureMockMvc 类级别注释
@Tim 我有同样的错误

标签： java spring spring-boot junit mockito

【解决方案1】：

尝试

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@SpringBootTest
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private CreateMessageProvider createMessageProvider;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/test"))
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("OK"));
    }
}

【讨论】：

它不编译我得到Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

【解决方案2】：

使用这些注释：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@ExtendWith({RestDocumentationExtension.class, SpringExtension.class})

【讨论】：