PermissionError: [WinError 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: after installation python-certifi-win32

Question

我安装了 python-certifi-win32 包，之后，我得到以下错误，当我导入任何东西或 pip 安装任何东西时，失败并出现 PermissionError 的最终错误。

我尝试重新启动盒子。它没有用。我无法卸载软件包，因为 pip 也出错了。

我无法弄清楚发生此错误的确切原因。它似乎不是特定于代码的，似乎与我安装的库有关

PS C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\master_test_runner> pip install python-certifi-win32                                                                
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\importlib\_common.py", line 89, in _tempfile
    os.write(fd, reader())
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\importlib\abc.py", line 371, in read_bytes
    with self.open('rb') as strm:
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\importlib\_adapters.py", line 54, in open
    raise ValueError()
ValueError

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\runpy.py", line 196, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\runpy.py", line 86, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\Scripts\pip.exe\__main__.py", line 4, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\main.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\autocompletion.py", line 10, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\main_parser.py", line 8, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\cmdoptions.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\parser.py", line 12, in <module>
    from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, ConfigurationError
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\configuration.py", line 21, in <module>
    from pip._internal.exceptions import (
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\exceptions.py", line 8, in <module>
    from pip._vendor.requests.models import Request, Response
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\__init__.py", line 123, in <module>
    from . import utils
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\utils.py", line 25, in <module>
    from . import certs
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\importer.py", line 170, in exec_module
    notify_module_loaded(module)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\decorators.py", line 470, in _synchronized
    return wrapped(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\importer.py", line 136, in notify_module_loaded
    hook(module)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\certifi_win32\wrapt_pip.py", line 35, in apply_patches
    import certifi
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\importer.py", line 170, in exec_module
    notify_module_loaded(module)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\decorators.py", line 470, in _synchronized
    return wrapped(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\wrapt\importer.py", line 136, in notify_module_loaded
    hook(module)
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\certifi_win32\wrapt_certifi.py", line 20, in apply_patches
    certifi_win32.wincerts.CERTIFI_PEM = certifi.where()
  File "C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\GUI_Automation\venv\lib\site-packages\certifi\core.py", line 37, in where
    _CACERT_PATH = str(_CACERT_CTX.__enter__())
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\contextlib.py", line 135, in __enter__
    return next(self.gen)
  File "C:\Users\visha\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\importlib\_common.py", line 95, in _tempfile
    os.remove(raw_path)
PermissionError: [WinError 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: 'C:\\Users\\visha\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmpy_tb8siv'
PS C:\Users\visha\PycharmProjects\master_test_runner> 

Answer 1

我今天遇到了同样的问题。我通过删除安装 python-certifi-win32 时创建的两个 *.pth 文件来纠正它。这可以防止 python-certifi-win32 在 python 运行时加载。

这些文件在下面列出，并位于此处：

C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\Lib\site-packages

文件：

python-certifi-win32-init.pth
distutils-precedence.pth

删除这些文件允许我安装/卸载其他模块。

Answer 2

Andrew Leech，python-certifi-win32、suggests to move on 的作者到他的另一个项目pip-system-certs (PyPI link)。将python-certifi-win32 替换为pip-system-certs 为我解决了所有问题。

虽然this answer 中提供的解决方案也为我阻止了问题中提到的错误消息，但它的副作用是我的 Python 脚本不再使用 Windows 证书存储中的证书，从而再次导致 SSL证书错误 - 使库的使用无用。