【问题标题】:Send Broadcast UDP but not receive it on other Android devices发送广播 UDP 但在其他 Android 设备上不接收
【发布时间】:2015-12-31 22:21:44
【问题描述】:

我正在尝试开发一个应用程序来发送一些广播消息并从其他 android 设备接收一些答案。我在接收来自其他设备的 UDP 消息时遇到了一些问题。我应该提到,这段代码在 Gingerbread 上有效,但在 JellyBean 上它不再有效,我不知道可能是什么问题。

这里是我发送广播消息的地方(我知道其他设备侦听端口 5000):

 private void sendUDPMessage(String msg) {

    try {
        DatagramSocket clientSocket = new DatagramSocket();

        clientSocket.setBroadcast(true);
        InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(Utils.getBroadcastAddress());

        byte[] sendData;

        sendData = msg.getBytes();
        DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData,
                sendData.length, address, 5000);
        clientSocket.send(sendPacket);

        clientSocket.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

}

这是我收到它的地方:

private void start_UDP()
{
    try {
            serverSocketUDP = new DatagramSocket(5000);
        }
    catch (Exception e) {

        Log.i(LOGTAG, "Exception opening DatagramSocket UDP");
    }

    final byte[] receiveData = new byte[1024];


    while(runningUDP) {
        Log.d(LOGTAG, "Waiting for Broadcast request in ServerUDP.");

        final DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(receiveData, receiveData.length);

        serverSocketUDP.receive(receivePacket);


                byte[] sendData = new byte[1024];
                InetAddress address = receivePacket.getAddress();
                int port = receivePacket.getPort();
                if(!receivePacket.getAddress().getHostAddress().equals(Utils.getLocalIpAddress()))
                {
                    String req = new String(receivePacket.getData(), 0, receivePacket.getLength());


                    Log.d(LOGTAG, "Received UDP message : "+req+" from: "+receivePacket.getAddress().getHostAddress());
                }
                      }// while ends
       }//method ends

我应该提到,这 2 个函数在 2 个不同的线程中是分开的,所以我可以同时发送和接收。

我还获得了以下锁:

    powerManager =(PowerManager)context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
    wakeLock = powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK ,LOGTAG); // PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK Only keeps CPU on
    wifiManager = (WifiManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
    wifiLock = wifiManager.createWifiLock(3, LOGTAG);
    multicastLock = wifiManager.createMulticastLock(LOGTAG);

    wakeLock.acquire();
    multicastLock.acquire();
    wifiLock.acquire();

以及 Manifest 文件的权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE"/>

我已经测试了消息是否使用wireshark和tcpdump发送并且它们被发送。而且,更奇怪的是,我收到了我发送的广播消息(但我丢弃它们,因为我不需要处理自己发送的消息)但我没有收到从其他设备发送的广播消息(应该有格式相同,只是源地址和包含的消息不同,任何一种方式都不会影响广播消息)。

如果您有任何想法,请告诉我,因为我真的没有其他可以尝试的方法了。任何帮助,将不胜感激。谢谢!

编辑: 我已经进行了一些测试,即使当我在每部手机上运行 ifconfig wlan0 时,它也会显示类似

  ifconfig wlan0
  wlan0: ip 169.254.17.28 mask 255.255.0.0 flags [up broadcast multicast]

这意味着接口处于活动状态并且IP已设置并且可以接收广播消息和多播消息但是当我使用时

                 InetAddress in=InetAddress.getByName("169.254.17.28");
            if (in.isReachable(1000))
                Log.i(LOGTAG, "host is reachable");
            else
                Log.i(LOGTAG, "host is not reachable");

它在日志中显示主机不可访问。

这是我打开 Wi-fi 的地方

    private void startWifiAdhoc() {

    WifiManager wifiManager =     (WifiManager)SharingFileService.context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
    String command="";
    if (condWifiAdhoc == false) {

        condWifiAdhoc=true;
        wifiInterface = Utils.getWifiInterface();


        wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        localIP = Utils.getLinkLocalAddress();
    }
    else
    {
        wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        localIP = Utils.getLinkLocalAddress();
    }
        // Set wifi ad-hoc
        command = context.getFilesDir().getPath()
                + "/iwconfig " + wifiInterface + " mode ad-hoc essid "
                + "mcp" + " channel " + "1" + " commit\n";

        Log.i(LOGTAG, command);
        Utils.rootExec(command);


        Log.i(LOGTAG, "Ip address used :" + localIP);
        command = context.getFilesDir().getPath()
                + "/ifconfig " + wifiInterface + " " + localIP
                + " netmask 255.255.0.0 up\n";



        Log.i(LOGTAG, command);
        Utils.rootExec(command);

}

【问题讨论】:

  • 请注意,有些路由器默认禁用多播 DNS。
  • 哦...我必须提到我在一个 wifi adhoc 中
  • 你可能想看看这个帖子:stackoverflow.com/a/16208617/1028256 它说某些 wifi 驱动程序可以禁用广播接收器,但在这种情况下,它会在从睡眠模式恢复后发生。

标签: android udp broadcast


【解决方案1】:

我使用此处描述的方法来计算广播地址:https://code.google.com/p/boxeeremote/wiki/AndroidUDP

这是我的接收器:

try {
  //Keep a socket open to listen to all the UDP trafic that is destined for this port
  socket = new DatagramSocket(Constants.PORT, InetAddress.getByName("0.0.0.0"));
  socket.setBroadcast(true);

  while (true) {
    Log.i(TAG,"Ready to receive broadcast packets!");

    //Receive a packet
    byte[] recvBuf = new byte[15000];
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(recvBuf, recvBuf.length);
    socket.receive(packet);

    //Packet received
    Log.i(TAG, "Packet received from: " + packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
    String data = new String(packet.getData()).trim();
    Log.i(TAG, "Packet received; data: " + data);

    // Send the packet data back to the UI thread
    Intent localIntent = new Intent(Constants.BROADCAST_ACTION)
            // Puts the data into the Intent
            .putExtra(Constants.EXTENDED_DATA_STATUS, data);
    // Broadcasts the Intent to receivers in this app.
    LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(localIntent);
  }
} catch (IOException ex) {
  Log.i(TAG, "Oops" + ex.getMessage());
}

这是我的发件人:

    public void sendBroadcast(String messageStr) {
    // Hack Prevent crash (sending should be done using an async task)
    StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new   StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build();
    StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);

    try {
      //Open a random port to send the package
      DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
      socket.setBroadcast(true);
      byte[] sendData = messageStr.getBytes();
      DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData, sendData.length, getBroadcastAddress(), Constants.PORT);
      socket.send(sendPacket);
      System.out.println(getClass().getName() + "Broadcast packet sent to: " + getBroadcastAddress().getHostAddress());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "IOException: " + e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  InetAddress getBroadcastAddress() throws IOException {
    WifiManager wifi = (WifiManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
    DhcpInfo dhcp = wifi.getDhcpInfo();
    // handle null somehow

    int broadcast = (dhcp.ipAddress & dhcp.netmask) | ~dhcp.netmask;
    byte[] quads = new byte[4];
    for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
      quads[k] = (byte) ((broadcast >> k * 8) & 0xFF);
    return InetAddress.getByAddress(quads);
  }

【讨论】:

  • 此代码是否仅在设备位于同一本地网络时才有效?
  • 已在 Android 5.1.1 和 Android 7.1.2 上验证
【解决方案2】:

我在尝试解决类似问题时看到了您的帖子。你的东西工作了吗?

就我而言,我一直试图让 Nexus 7(第一代使用 Jelly Bean 4.3)和 Nexus One(Gingerbread 2.3.6)通过 UDP 相互通信。最初,我的应用程序在两台设备上运行,可以成功连接,但只能通过从手机到平板电脑的单向通信。我在清单中只有一个权限:INTERNET。一旦我将 ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE 权限添加到清单中,从平板电脑到手机的通信就开始工作了。

因此,出于某种原因,Nexus 7 只对发送和接收 UDP 数据包的 INTERNET 权限感到满意(嗯,至少是我的特定实现)。 Nexus One 将仅使用 INTERNET 权限发送,但不会接收,除非同时提供 ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE 权限。

您的代码看起来与我的相似(但是,我无法识别您的“UTILS.”调用)。不过,就我而言,出于测试目的,我对广播地址 (192.168.n.255) 进行了硬编码。我在接入点上,而您在 adhoc 网络上。也许这也有一些影响。

【讨论】:

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