C# 循环问题中的刽子手答案

【问题标题】：Hangman in C# Looping IssueC# 循环问题中的刽子手
【发布时间】：2014-05-20 14:15:48
【问题描述】：

所以我在这里得到了以下代码...我必须提供 5 个用户提供的单词，将 5 个随机化并给出其中的任何一个以供猜测，tries = word length + 2。我遇到的主要问题是循环整个检查以填写第二个、第三个猜测等。第一个猜测很好。我将如何循环并保持正确猜测的字符，同时仍将未猜测的字符保留为“_”字符。

示例 - Word was "Heaven" - User Enters "e" - Produces - _ e _ _ e _ 无空格。然后尝试将等于 6（字长）+ 2 = 8 尝试

int tries = 0;
Random rand = new Random();
int randomword = rand.Next(1, 5);
string word = "";

Console.WriteLine("Please Enter 5 Words into the System");
Console.WriteLine();

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
    words.Add(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Clear();
}

Console.WriteLine("For Display Purposes. Here are Your 5 Words");
Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
Console.WriteLine();
foreach (var item in words)
{
    Console.WriteLine(item);
}

Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Now Guess The word given Below");
Console.WriteLine();

switch (randomword)
{
    case 1:
        //Gets the List index 0 - 1st word in the list
        word = words[0];
        tries = word.Length;
        break;
    case 2:
        word = words[1];
        tries = word.Length;
        break;
    case 3:
        word = words[2];
        tries = word.Length;
        break;
    case 4:
        word = words[3];
        tries = word.Length;
        break;
    case 5:
        word = words[4];
        tries = word.Length;
        break;
    default:
        break;
}
//Default + addition to the Length
tries += 2;

Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("You Have {0} + tries",tries );
//Works for the 1st Guess
do
{
    char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    if (word.Contains(guess))
    {
        foreach (char item in word)
        {
            if (item == guess)
            {
                Console.Write(item);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.Write("_");
            }
        }
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
} 
//If my word contains A "_" i will keep looping
while (word.Contains("_"));

Console.ReadKey();

【问题讨论】：

获取字母的索引（如果存在）并用该索引上的字母替换'_'
请将整个 switch 语句替换为：word = words[randomword - 1]; tries = word.Length;
@musefan 甚至只是将随机词更改为 rand.Next(0, 4) 并删除 -1。
@Gray：确实！没有什么让可怜的小伙子感到困惑

标签： c# loops

【解决方案1】：

您的主要问题是您只跟踪当前的猜测，而不是之前的所有猜测。您可以使用HashSet 来跟踪您之前的猜测。所以在你的do循环之前定义一个变量HashSet<char> guessedLetters，然后在你解析“猜测”之后作为循环中的第二行做guessedLetters.Add(guess)。然后将if(item==guess) 替换为if(guessedLetters.Contains(item))。 Viola，只改了三行代码！

最后你的退出条件可以是while (word.Any(c=>!guessedChars.Contains(c)) && --tries != 0);。

【讨论】：

请注意，您也可以在此处使用guessedLetters 以确保他们不会意外输入相同的字母两次。在解析guess 之后调用guessedLetters.Add 之前，你可以做if (guessedLetters.Contains(guess)) {Console.WriteLine("already guessed that!"); continue;}

【解决方案2】：

怎么样：

static void Main(string[] args)
{

    string[] words = new string[] { "Apple", "Banana", "Pear", "Pineapple", "Melon"};
    Random random = new Random();

    string wordToGuess = words[random.Next(5)].ToLower();
    char[] currentLetters = new char[wordToGuess.Length];
    for (int i = 0; i < currentLetters.Length; i++) currentLetters[i] = '_';
    int numTries = currentLetters.Length + 1;
    bool hasWon = false;
    do
    {
        string input = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();
        if (input.Length == 1) //guess a letter
        {
            char inputChar = input[0];
            for (int i = 0; i < currentLetters.Length; i++)
            {
                if (wordToGuess[i] == inputChar)
                {
                    currentLetters[i] = inputChar;
                }
            }
            if (!currentLetters.Contains('_'))
            {
                hasWon = true;
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine(new string(currentLetters));
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (input == wordToGuess)
            {
                hasWon = true;
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Incorrect!");
                Console.WriteLine(new string(currentLetters));
            }
        }

        numTries--;

    } while (new string(currentLetters) != wordToGuess && numTries > 0 && !hasWon);

    if (hasWon)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Congratulations, you guessed correctly.");
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Too bad! Out of tries");
    }
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您需要存储猜测结果并检查您的循环（将您的 do while 循环更改为如下）：

string resultword = word;
do
{
    char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());


    if (word.Contains(guess))
    {
        resultword = resultword.Replace(guess, ' ');

        for (int i = 0; i < resultword.Count(); i++)
        {
            if (resultword[i] == ' ')
            {
                Console.Write(word[i]);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.Write("_");
            }
        }
    }

    Console.WriteLine();
}
while (tries-- != 0 && resultword.Trim() != string.Empty);

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

怎么样，使用你现有的代码；

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication3
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            List<string> words = new List<string>();
            int tries = 0;
            Random rand = new Random();
            var currentLetters = new List<char>();
            int randomword = rand.Next(1, 5);
            string word = "";

            Console.WriteLine("Please Enter 5 Words into the System");
            Console.WriteLine();

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                words.Add(Console.ReadLine());
                Console.Clear();
            }

            Console.WriteLine("For Display Purposes. Here are Your 5 Words");
            Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
            Console.WriteLine();
            foreach (var item in words)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item);
            }

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Now Guess The word given Below");
            Console.WriteLine();

            switch (randomword)
            {
                case 1:
                    //Gets the List index 0 - 1st word in the list
                    word = words[0];
                    tries = word.Length;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    word = words[1];
                    tries = word.Length;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    word = words[2];
                    tries = word.Length;
                    break;
                case 4:
                    word = words[3];
                    tries = word.Length;
                    break;
                case 5:
                    word = words[4];
                    tries = word.Length;
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            //Default + addition to the Length
            tries += 2;

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("You Have {0} + tries", tries);
            //Works for the 1st Guess
            do
            {
                char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
                if (!currentLetters.Contains(guess))
                {
                    currentLetters.Add(guess);
                    foreach (var l in word.ToCharArray().Intersect(currentLetters).ToArray())
                    {
                        word = word.Replace(l, '_');
                    }
                }
                Console.WriteLine(word);
            } //If my word contains A "_" i will keep looping
            while (word.Contains("_"));

        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}

}

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

工作示例：

        List<string> words = new List<string>();
        int tries = 0;
        Random rand = new Random();
        int randomword = rand.Next(1, 5);
        string word = "";

        Console.WriteLine("Please Enter 5 Words into the System");
        Console.WriteLine();

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            words.Add(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Clear();
        }

        Console.WriteLine("For Display Purposes. Here are Your 5 Words");
        Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (var item in words)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item);
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Now Guess The word given Below");
        Console.WriteLine();

        switch (randomword)
        {
            case 1:
                //Gets the List index 0 - 1st word in the list
                word = words[0];
                tries = word.Length;
                break;
            case 2:
                word = words[1];
                tries = word.Length;
                break;
            case 3:
                word = words[2];
                tries = word.Length;
                break;
            case 4:
                word = words[3];
                tries = word.Length;
                break;
            case 5:
                word = words[4];
                tries = word.Length;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        //Default + addition to the Length
        tries += 2;

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("You Have {0} + tries", tries);

        List<char> guesses = new List<char>();
        string guessedWord = "";

        for(int i=0;i<word.Length;i++)
        {
            guessedWord += "_";
        }

        //Works for the 1st Guess
        do
        {
            char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

            if (word.Contains(guess))
            {
                guesses.Add(guess);
            }

            foreach (char storedGuess in guesses)
            {
                if(word.Contains(storedGuess))
                {
                    int index = word.IndexOf(storedGuess);
                    while(index > -1)
                    {
                        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(guessedWord);
                        sb[index] = storedGuess;
                        guessedWord = sb.ToString();

                        index = word.IndexOf(storedGuess, index+1);
                    }
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine(guessedWord);
        }
        while (guessedWord.Contains("_"));

        Console.ReadKey();

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

您提到了尝试次数，但您在使用后从未在代码中使用它。大概，您想要执行以下操作：

随机选择一个词（在您的情况下，您选择用户提供的五个词之一）
将猜测（尝试？）的次数设置为单词的长度加 2。如果他们猜到了一个存在的字母，那么它是免费的。如果该字母不存在，那么他们将失去其中一项猜测。
在每次猜测之前，将所有未猜测的字母替换为“_”来显示单词。
当用户猜测存在的字母时，将显示的单词中的“_”替换为该字母。

这是一些应该可以工作的示例代码（未经测试）：

    string displayword = String.Copy(word);
    for (int j = 0; j < displayword.length; j++) displayword[j]='_';
    do {
        // Display the word so far.
        Console.WriteLine("Word is {0}", displayword);

        // Get a guess from the user
        char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        if (word.Contains(guess)) {
            for (j=0; j<word.length; j++) {
              if (word[j] == guess) displayword[j]=guess;
            }
        } else {
          // Decrease the tries.
          tries--;
        }
    } while (displayword.Contains("_") && (tries > 0));

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

到目前为止，您需要将输入的单词与结果区分开来。用下划线初始化结果，然后在人们猜测时将字母添加到结果中。如果将result 设为 char 数组而不是字符串，会更容易一些。

        var result = new string('_', word.Length).ToCharArray();
        do
        {
            char guess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            for (var i = 0; i < word.Length; ++i)
            {
                if(word[i] == guess)
                {
                    result[i] = guess;
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(new string(result));
        }
        //If my word contains A "_" i will keep looping
        while (result.Contains('_') && --tries != 0);

【讨论】：