使用 Ruby 从散列构造直方图

Question

我有兴趣从 Ruby 中的哈希显示直方图（类似于 matplotlib 的输出，而不仅仅是 ASCII“文本”版本）。每个哈希键应显示为每个箱的“标签”，每个键的相应值是频率（y 轴）。我尝试使用“rinruby”，但多次尝试后，程序挂起。我使用的是 Windows 机器和 JRuby 9.1.0.0。 gnuplot gem 相当混乱，所以我想知道是否有人可以提供建设性的建议。请注意，这不是家庭作业。

# Import the 'bioruby' package
require 'bio'

# Construct a new hash object referenced by the variable 'aaf'
aaf = Hash.new(0)

# Construct a new array object referenced by 'aa'
aa  = []

# Prompt the user for a file name. Wrap the user input code in
# an exception handling block to create a more "robust" solution
begin
    print 'Please enter a file name: '

# Read the keyboard input as a string and remove the newline character.
# The input is summarily referenced by the 'filename' variable
    filename = gets.chomp()

# Display a blank line for formatting purposes
    puts()

# Open and read the file name provided and remove the newlines from the
# sequence file.
    seq = File.new(filename, 'r').read().chomp()

# Catch the exception thrown above, display the string, and return
# control to the 'begin' block for additional user input
rescue
    puts "I'm sorry. I was unable to locate that file."
    retry
end

# Create a new sequence object using the DNA sequence data obtained
# from the file name provided
seq = Bio::Sequence::NA.new(seq)

# Use the 'translate.names' method in the bioruby package to obtain
# the complete name of each amino acid in the 'seq' object and reference
# them via the 'aa' object
aa  = seq.translate.names

# Iterate / Loop over each amino acid name in the 'aa' array object using
# 'name' as a temporary variable. The name of each amino acid is
# associated with the frequency of occurrence. Example: 'Lysine 110' would
# indicate that 110 Lysine residues were contained in the original
# sequence file.
aa.each { |name|
    aaf[name] += 1
}

# Iterate / Loop over the newly populated hash structure while ignoring
# any line (key) that is a blank line (/^$/ is a regular expression anchor
# pattern that checks for the beginning, '^', and end, '$', of a line. The
# line (key) is blank if the 'if' statement returns a boolean result of true.
# A blank line in this instance would indicate the presence of a stop codon.
# Each amino acid and its respective frequency is displayed
aaf.each do |k, v|
    next if "#{k}" =~ /^$/
    print "#{k}", "->", "#{v}\n"
end

谢谢。

Answer 1

对于简单的图表，我将使用 gnuplot（在处理 with the installationgoogle for it 之后）或 ascii 图表，使用 ruby​​ Web 框架，我将使用使用 java 脚本的 https://github.com/ankane/chartkick，但如果您只需安装即可轻松完成一个 gem 和一个网络浏览器来获取图像：

╭─toni@Antonios-MBP  ~/learn/ruby/stackoverflow ‹ruby-2.2.3@stackoverflow› ‹1.7› ‹SBCL 1.3.5›
╰─$ gem install googlecharts
Fetching: googlecharts-1.6.12.gem (100%)
Successfully installed googlecharts-1.6.12
Parsing documentation for googlecharts-1.6.12
Installing ri documentation for googlecharts-1.6.12
Done installing documentation for googlecharts after 0 seconds
1 gem installed
╭─toni@Antonios-MBP  ~/learn/ruby/stackoverflow ‹ruby-2.2.3@stackoverflow› ‹1.7› ‹SBCL 1.3.5›
╰─$ irb
2.2.3 :001 > require 'googlecharts'
 => true
2.2.3 :003 > Gchart.bar(:data => [[300, 100, 30, 200], [100, 200, 300, 10]])
 => "http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chd=s:uPEf,PfuB&cht=bvs&chs=300x200&chxr=0,300,300|1,100,300" 

link to hystogram

google charts doc

我认为用ascii图表可以得到，效果也不错

require 'ascii_charts'

irb(main):087:0> puts AsciiCharts::Cartesian.new({0 => 1, 1 => 3 , 2 => 7, 3 => 15, 4 => 4}, :bar => true, :hide_zero => true).draw


15|      *   
14|      *   
13|      *   
12|      *   
11|      *   
10|      *   
 9|      *   
 8|      *   
 7|    * *   
 6|    * *   
 5|    * *   
 4|    * * * 
 3|  * * * * 
 2|  * * * * 
 1|* * * * * 
 0+----------
   0 1 2 3 4 

=> nil