Xamarin 错误：未安装框架：.NETPortable，版本 = v4.5

Question

我成功安装了 Xamarin 并创建了一个新项目。根本没有代码，我在引用下收到以下错误，并收到 Xamarin.Forms 丢失的错误。我尝试搜索，但在建议的修复工作中没有看到同样的错误。谢谢。

错误：

Framework not installed: .NETPortable, Version=v4.5

系统设置：

Windows 7（内部版本 7601：Service Pack 1）

Xamarin Studio 5.1.4（内部版本 0）

Visual Studio 11.0.50727.1 RTMREL Ultimate

.NET 框架版本 4.5.50709

尝试从 VisualStudio 启动项目时出现以下错误：

所以我以管理员身份开始尝试其他方法，输出如下：

Adding Xamarin.Forms...
Installing 'Xamarin.Forms 1.0.6186'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Build.Tasks.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\build\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.targets' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\build\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoAndroid10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoAndroid10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoAndroid10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoAndroid10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoAndroid10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Platform.iOS.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\portable-win+net45+wp80+MonoAndroid10+MonoTouch10'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\WP80'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Core.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\WP80'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Platform.WP8.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\WP80'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.dll' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\WP80'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.Xaml.xml' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186\lib\WP80'.
Added file 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186.nupkg' to folder 'Xamarin.Forms.1.0.6186'.
Successfully installed 'Xamarin.Forms 1.0.6186'.
Adding 'Xamarin.Forms 1.0.6186' to Test.
Could not install package 'Xamarin.Forms 1.0.6186'. You are trying to install this package into a project that targets 'portable-Profile78', but the package does not contain any assembly references or content files that are compatible with that framework. For more information, contact the package author.

Answer 1

如果您没有安装 Visual Studio，以下步骤对我有用：

1. 下载Portable Tools 2扩展并使用/buildmachine开关安装它：PortableLibraryTools.exe /buildmachine

2. 下载Portable Class Libraries v4.6并安装。

3. 将C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft .NET Portable Library Reference Assemblies 4.6 的内容（目录v4.0、v4.5 和v4.6）复制到C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETPortable（覆盖任何现有文件）。 [为了安全起见，请备份原始文件！]

Answer 2

您的机器上似乎没有安装便携式类库。

Xamarin 目前不会在 Windows 上为你安装 PCL。通常它们与 Visual Studio 一起安装，但可以单独下载。

PCL 安装在 Windows 上的以下目录中：

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETPortable

检查您是否有该目录。如果您没有此目录，则需要先安装Portable Class Library Tools，然后再安装Portable Class Libraries v4.6。

我怀疑您可能只是缺少 v4.6 PCL。

Profile78 包含在Portable Class Libraries v4.6 中。如果您安装它，它会将一个 .zip 文件放入目录中：

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft .NET Portable Library Reference Assemblies 4.6

您需要将其解压缩并将内容提取到C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETPortable 目录中。