实体框架说我正在尝试使用相同的键插入多个实体，但我不认为我是

Question

我正在使用 EF 进行代码优先迁移。当我更新数据库时，我在 Nuget 控制台中收到此错误消息：

检测到有冲突的更改。尝试插入具有相同键的多个实体时可能会发生这种情况。

这是我使用 Seed 方法的 config.cs 文件：

internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MiracleMachine.data.ApplicationDbContext>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false;
    }

    protected override void Seed(MiracleMachine.data.ApplicationDbContext context)
    {
        context.Props.AddOrUpdate(
            p => p.PropId,
            new Prop() { PropName = "sharpie" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "coin" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "playing cards" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "coffee mug" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "phone" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "keys" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "sunglasses" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "headphones" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "ring" },
            new Prop() { PropName = "lighter" }
            );
        context.SaveChanges();

        context.Theories.AddOrUpdate(
            t => t.TheoryId,
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 0,
                TheoryName = "Production",
                TheoryDescription = "Make it appear out of nowhere!"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 1,
                TheoryName = "Vanish",
                TheoryDescription = "Make it vanish into thin air!"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 2,
                TheoryName = "Transportation",
                TheoryDescription = "Make it vanish, and then reappear somewhere impossible!"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 3,
                TheoryName = "Transformation", // This uses TWO props
                TheoryDescription = "Cause one of these items to change into the other item!"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 4,
                TheoryName = "Multiplication",
                TheoryDescription = "Magically duplicate this item again and again!"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 5,
                TheoryName = "Penetration", // This uses TWO props
                TheoryDescription = "Cause the two items to inexplicably pass through each other"
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 6,
                TheoryName = "Restoration",
                TheoryDescription = "Destroy the item in some way. Restore it."
            },
            new Theory()
            {
                // TheoryId = 7,
                TheoryName = "Levitation",
                TheoryDescription = "Make the item float in mid-air!"
            });
        context.SaveChanges();

        //////////////////////////////////////////// The following seeds user data

        // ApplicationUser table seeder
        UserStore<ApplicationUser> userStore = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
        UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(userStore);

        RoleStore<Role> roleStore = new RoleStore<Role>(context);
        RoleManager<Role> roleManager = new RoleManager<Role>(roleStore);

        if (!roleManager.RoleExists("Admin"))
            roleManager.Create(new Role { Name = "Admin" });

        if (!roleManager.RoleExists("User"))
            roleManager.Create(new Role { Name = "User" });

        IdentityResult result = null; // Sets the result to null. Used for error checking.

        /////////// Admin (1)
        ApplicationUser admin1 = userManager.FindByName("MagicRawb");

        if (admin1 == null)
        {
            admin1 = new ApplicationUser
            {
                FirstName = "Rob",
                LastName = "Greenlee",
                UserName = "magicrawb",
                Email = "magicrawb@test.com",
                Gender = Gender.Male
            };
        }

        result = userManager.Create(admin1, "asdfasdf");
        if (!result.Succeeded)
        {
            string error = result.Errors.FirstOrDefault();
            throw new Exception(error);
        }

        userManager.AddToRole(admin1.Id, "Admin"); // Add user1 to Admin role
        admin1 = userManager.FindByName("magicrawb"); // Assign user1 data to variable user1

        /////////// Admin (2)
        ApplicationUser admin2 = userManager.FindByName("admin2");

        if (admin2 == null)
        {
            admin2 = new ApplicationUser
            {
                FirstName = "Bekah",
                LastName = "Sells",
                UserName = "admin2",
                Email = "admin2@test.com",
                Gender = Gender.Female
            };
        }

        result = userManager.Create(admin2, "asdfasdf");
        if (!result.Succeeded)
        {
            string error = result.Errors.FirstOrDefault();
            throw new Exception(error);
        }

        userManager.AddToRole(admin2.Id, "Admin"); // Add user1 to Admin role
        admin1 = userManager.FindByName("admin2"); // Assign user1 data to variable user1

        /////////// User (1)
        ApplicationUser user1 = userManager.FindByName("user1");

        if (user1 == null)
        {
            user1 = new ApplicationUser
            {
                FirstName = "Lance",
                LastName = "Burton",
                UserName = "user1",
                Email = "user1@test.com",
                Gender = Gender.Male
            };
        }

        result = userManager.Create(user1, "asdfasdf");
        if (!result.Succeeded)
        {
            string error = result.Errors.FirstOrDefault();
            throw new Exception(error);
        }

        userManager.AddToRole(user1.Id, "User"); // Add user1 to Admin role
        user1 = userManager.FindByName("user1"); // Assign user1 data to variable user1

        /////////// User (2)
        ApplicationUser user2 = userManager.FindByName("user2");

        if (user2 == null)
        {
            user2 = new ApplicationUser
            {
                FirstName = "David",
                LastName = "Stone",
                UserName = "user2",
                Email = "user2@test.com",
                Gender = Gender.Male
            };
        }

        result = userManager.Create(user2, "asdfasdf");
        if (!result.Succeeded)
        {
            string error = result.Errors.FirstOrDefault();
            throw new Exception(error);
        }

        userManager.AddToRole(user1.Id, "User"); // Add user1 to Admin role
        user2 = userManager.FindByName("user2"); // Assign user1 data to variable user1

        context.SaveChanges();
        Database.SetInitializer(new MyInitializer());
    }
}

internal class MyInitializer : MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<ApplicationDbContext, Configuration>
{

}

}

我将 Id 的 Theory 和 Prop 设置为我认为 EF 会自动生成的 Key。我没有为 props 设置任何东西，而是对理论进行了评论，所以我对正在发生的事情感到有些困惑。

Answer 1

在您的 AddOrUpdate 方法中，您使用了一个字段来匹配，但您从未设置它。

您应该设置 id，或者使用其他字段进行匹配。例如：

context.Props.AddOrUpdate(
    p => p.PropName,
    new Prop() { PropName = "sharpie" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "coin" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "playing cards" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "coffee mug" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "phone" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "keys" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "sunglasses" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "headphones" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "ring" },
    new Prop() { PropName = "lighter" });