共有三个课程可以帮助您; TypeDescriptor、PropertyDescriptor 和 PropertyDescriptorCollection。它们都位于System.ComponentModel 命名空间中。
Imports System.ComponentModel
我们将在此示例中使用以下类:
Public Class Foo
'Implements ICustomTypeDescriptor (Optional)
Public Property A() As String
Public Property B() As Date
Public Property C() As Integer
Public Property D() As Boolean
Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
Return String.Format("A='{0}', B='{1}', C='{2}', D='{3}'", Me.A, Me.B, Me.C, Me.D)
End Function
End Class
通过调用TypeDescriptor类的静态方法GetProperties获取所有属性。它返回PropertyDescriptor 类的集合——你的属性。然后您只需调用SetValue 和/或GetValue 方法。请注意,您可以通过实现ICustomTypeDescriptor 接口来实现自定义类型描述符。
Private Sub RunTest()
Dim properties As PropertyDescriptorCollection = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(GetType(Foo))
Dim ignoreCase As Boolean = True
Dim foo1 As New Foo()
properties.Find("A", ignoreCase).SetValue(foo1, "hello")
properties.Find("B", ignoreCase).SetValue(foo1, Date.Now)
properties.Find("C", ignoreCase).SetValue(foo1, 1234I)
properties.Find("D", ignoreCase).SetValue(foo1, True)
'Get property value:
'Dim a As String = CType(properties.Find("A", ignoreCase).GetValue(foo1), String)
Debug.WriteLine(foo1.ToString())
End Sub
输出:(immediate window)
A='你好',B='30.11.2014 11:14:39',C='1234',D='True'
扩展
为了进一步扩展这一点,可以创建一些扩展方法。
Imports System.Runtime.CompilerServices
Public Module Extensions
<Extension()>
Public Function GetProperty(Of TComponent)(component As TComponent, propertyName As String, Optional ByVal ignoreCase As Boolean = True) As Object
Return TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(GetType(TComponent)).Find(propertyName, ignoreCase).GetValue(component)
End Function
<Extension()>
Public Function GetProperty(Of TComponent, TValue)(component As TComponent, propertyName As String, Optional ByVal ignoreCase As Boolean = True) As TValue
Return CType(TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(GetType(TComponent)).Find(propertyName, ignoreCase).GetValue(component), TValue)
End Function
<Extension()>
Public Sub SetProperty(Of TComponent)(instance As TComponent, propertyName As String, value As Object, Optional ByVal ignoreCase As Boolean = True)
TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(GetType(TComponent)).Find(propertyName, ignoreCase).SetValue(instance, value)
End Sub
End Module
现在通过名称设置/获取属性值非常容易。
Private Sub RunTest()
Dim foo1 As New Foo()
foo1.SetProperty("A", "hello")
foo1.SetProperty("B", Date.Now)
foo1.SetProperty("C", 1234I)
foo1.SetProperty("D", True)
'Get property value:
'Dim a As String = CType(foo1.GetProperty("A"), String)
'Dim a As String = foo1.GetProperty(Of String)("B")
Debug.WriteLine(foo1.ToString())
End Sub
输出:
A='你好',B='30.11.2014 11:18:17',C='1234',D='真'