在 Windows XP 和 CodeBlocks 上延迟加载 DWMAPI

Question

我有一个项目，我一直在努力为 Windows (XP) 构建一个月。该项目使用 gtkmm-3、C++ 和最新的 GCC-TDM 编译器。我的 IDE 是 CodeBlocks 13.14。

我正在取得进展，但是，我现在被这个错误消息挂断了......

ld.exe cannot find -ldwmapi

现在，DWMAPI 是仅在 Windows Vista 及更高版本上可用的 DLL。根据我的研究，如果某些 DLL 存在于 某些 系统上，但不存在于其他系统上，您可以延迟加载它们。

问题是，我不知道如何在 CodeBlocks 上执行此操作。 -z lazy 选项不能做到这一点。如果延迟加载是不可能的，我该如何绕过dwmapi 依赖。 必须有办法！

完整构建命令：（底部有错误）

-------------- Clean: Debug in infiltrator (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------

Cleaned "infiltrator - Debug"

-------------- Build: Debug in infiltrator (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------

mingw32-g++-dw2.exe -std=c++11 -Wall -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl -std=c++11 -Wall -g -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl -z lazy -std=c++11 -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Iinclude -IC:\dev\MinGW\include -c "C:\Documents and Settings\Jason\Desktop\infiltrator\main.cpp" -o obj\Debug\main.o
mingw32-g++-dw2.exe -std=c++11 -Wall -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl -std=c++11 -Wall -g -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl -z lazy -std=c++11 -mms-bitfields -pthread -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glibmm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glibmm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/sigc++-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/sigc++-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/glib-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/glib-2.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gtkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atkmm-1.6 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/giomm-2.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/giomm-2.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pangomm-1.4 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/pangomm-1.4/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gtk-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairomm-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/cairomm-1.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/gdkmm-3.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/lib/gdkmm-3.0/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/atk-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pango-1.0 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/cairo -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/pixman-1 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include -I/mingw32/include/freetype2 -I/mingw32/include/libpng16 -I/mingw32/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw32/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw32/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw32/include -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/freetype2 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/libpng16 -IC:/dev/MinGW/include/harfbuzz -Iinclude -IC:\dev\MinGW\include -c "C:\Documents and Settings\Jason\Desktop\infiltrator\src\agentDatabase.cpp" -o obj\Debug\src\agentDatabase.o

mingw32-g++-dw2.exe -LC:\dev\MinGW\lib -o bin\Debug\infiltrator.exe obj\Debug\main.o obj\Debug\src\agentDatabase.o obj\Debug\src\agentWindow.o obj\Debug\src\customWidgets.o obj\Debug\src\fileEncryption.o obj\Debug\src\gameWindow.o obj\Debug\src\infoWindow.o obj\Debug\src\keyGen.o obj\Debug\src\playerList.o obj\Debug\src\primaryWindow.o obj\Debug\src\setupWindow.o  -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl   -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl   -Wl,-luuid -LC:/dev/MinGW/lib -lgtkmm-3.0 -latkmm-1.6 -lgdkmm-3.0 -lgiomm-2.4 -lpangomm-1.4 -lgtk-3 -lglibmm-2.4 -lcairomm-1.0 -lgdk-3 -lgdi32 -limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lz -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lsigc-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl    
C:/dev/MinGWOld/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0-dw2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -ldwmapi
C:/dev/MinGWOld/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0-dw2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -ldwmapi
C:/dev/MinGWOld/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.1.0-dw2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -ldwmapi
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Process terminated with status 1 (1 minute(s), 42 second(s))
3 error(s), 7 warning(s) (1 minute(s), 42 second(s))

Answer 1

惰性链接 -z lazy 是 GNU 链接器在类 unix 系统上的默认设置，并且 MinGW Windows 端口不支持。 （这与 代码::块)

我无法理解您希望通过惰性链接来克服 这个问题，不过没关系。如果你不能指望一些共享库 可用于您项目的所有目标系统 一门常规课程 是在您的可执行文件中静态链接库。你可以在这里做。

您现在使用的 32 位 TDM GCC 不会以静态方式发布 dwmapi 库，但相应的 64 位工具链确实提供 64 位和 32 位 分别构建它：

<TDM-GCC-64-install-dir>/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libdwmapi.a

和

<TDM-GCC-64-install-dir>/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib32/libdwmapi.a

这些路径是工具链的链接器默认值，所以它 如果您在链接器选项中仅提及-ldwmapi，将链接该库 （正如你所做的那样）。

32 位工具链中没有libdwmapi.a 可能只是异常情况，或者 这可能是基于这个图书馆直到 Windows 已经过渡到主流的 64 位。

那么你有 3 个选择：

1. 如果您没有承诺构建 32 位，您可以切换到 相应的 64 位工具链（以及各种 64 位库）

2. 切换到 64 位工具链，但通过添加 编译器和链接器的选项-m32

3. 安装 64 位工具链，继续使用 32 位工具链， 但将-L<TDM-GCC-64-install-dir>/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib32 添加到您的 链接器搜索路径，毕竟你已经指定了。

一些不相关的观察：-

在这个和your previous question所有的 您的 g++ 命令行选项每个出现 3 次！ - 生成 4K 命令行 非常烦人的解析。使用 Code::Blocks IDE，您可以拥有的唯一方法 产生这个三重是通过在全局中设置所有这些选项一次 Settings -> Compiler，然后在整体项目中再次设置infiltrator -> 构建选项 -> infiltrator，再次在项目调试/发布配置中 设置 infiltrator -> 构建选项 -> infiltrator -> 调试/发布。

这 3 个级别的设置构成了一个继承层次结构。不要制作任何项目 任何编译器的全局特定设置。这样做会使它们的属性 编译器，它们将应用于您构建的每个其他项目 那个编译器。在项目配置之间保持不变的项目设置 （调试/发布）只能在项目级别进行一次。调试和发布 options 只能在项目配置级别设置。

最后我看到你选择了用 Dwarf2 安装 TDM-GCC-32 变体 样式异常处理，而不是默认包（每个可执行文件 安装程序）具有 setjump-longjump 样式的异常处理。这会带来风险。 虽然 DW2 异常处理明显比 SJLJ 更有效，但它是 对 Windows 来说是陌生的，如果异常必须通过 Windows 传播，则会失败 库不是以相同的方式构建的。 setjump-longjump 机制，虽然速度较慢， 依赖于原始的、长期标准化的 C 库设施，任何 C 或 C++ 编译器实现。