【发布时间】:2021-08-26 04:58:01
【问题描述】:
我有两个以这种方式相互关联的 ActiveRecord 模型:
class Address < ApplicationRecord
has_one :user, class_name: User.name
end
class User < ApplicationRecord
belongs_to :home_address, class_name: Address.name
belongs_to :work_address, class_name: Address.name
end
用户 -> 地址关联工作正常:
home_address = Address.new
#=> <Address id:1>
work_address = Address.new
#=> <Address id:2>
user = User.create!(home_address: home_address, work_address: work_address)
#=> <User id:1, home_address_id: 1, work_address_id: 2>
user.home_address
#=> <Address id:1>
user.work_address
#=> <Address id:2>
我遇到的问题是让Address 的has_one 正常工作。起初我得到一个错误User#address_id does not exist,这是有道理的,因为这不是外键字段的名称。这将是 either home_address_id 或 work_address_id(我通过迁移添加了这些 FK)。但是我不确定如何让它知道要使用哪个地址,直到我了解到您可以将范围传递给 has_one 声明:
class Address < ApplicationRecord
has_one :user,
->(address) { where(home_address_id: address.id).or(where(work_address_id: address.id)) },
class_name: User.name
end
但这会返回与以前相同的错误:Caused by PG::UndefinedColumn: ERROR: column users.address_id does not exist。这令人困惑,因为在该范围内我没有声明我正在查看address_id。我猜has_one 隐含一个foreign_key 为:address_id,但我不知道如何设置它,因为从技术上讲有两个,:home_address_id 和:work_address_id。
我觉得我在这里很近 - 我该如何解决这个 has_one 关联?
更新
我的直觉告诉我,这里的解决方案是创建一个 user 方法来执行我要运行的查询,而不是声明一个 has_one。如果has_one 支持这个功能那就太好了,但如果不支持,我会退回去。
class Address < ApplicationRecord
def user
User.find_by("home_address_id = ? OR work_address_id = ?", id, id)
end
end
解决方案
感谢下面的@max!我最终根据他的回答提出了解决方案。我还使用了Enumerize gem,它将在Address 模型中发挥作用。
class AddAddressTypeToAddresses < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2]
add_column :addresses, :address_type, :string
end
class User < ApplicationRecord
has_many :addresses, class_name: Address.name, dependent: :destroy
has_one :home_address, -> { Address.home.order(created_at: :desc) }, class_name: Address.name
has_one :work_address, -> { Address.work.order(created_at: :desc) }, class_name: Address.name
end
class Address < ApplicationRecord
extend Enumerize
TYPE_HOME = 'home'
TYPE_WORK = 'work'
TYPES = [TYPE_HOME, TYPE_WORK]
enumerize :address_type, in: TYPES, scope: :shallow
# Shallow scope allows us to call Address.home or Address.work
validates_uniqueness_of :address_type, scope: :user_id, if: -> { address_type == TYPE_WORK }
# I only want work address to be unique per user - it's ok if they enter multiple home addresses, we'll just retrieve the latest one. Unique to my use case.
end
【问题讨论】:
标签: ruby-on-rails activerecord