Powershell / Perl：将多个 CSV 文件合并为一个？

Question

我有以下 CSV 文件，我想将它们合并成一个 CSV

01.csv

apples,48,12,7
pear,17,16,2
orange,22,6,1

02.csv

apples,51,8,6
grape,87,42,12
pear,22,3,7

03.csv

apples,11,12,13
grape,81,5,8
pear,11,5,6

04.csv

apples,14,12,8
orange,5,7,9

期望的输出：

apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,,,87,42,12,81,5,8,,,
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6,,,
orange,22,6,1,,,,,,5,7,9

任何人都可以就如何实现这一目标提供指导吗？最好使用 Powershell，但如果这样更容易，也可以使用 Perl 等替代方案。

感谢 Pantik，您的代码输出接近我想要的：

apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,87,42,12,81,5,8
orange,22,6,1,5,7,9
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6

不幸的是，当条目不存在于 CSV 文件中时，我需要使用“占位符”逗号，例如橙色,22,6,1,,,,,,5,7,9 而不是橙色,22,6,1,5,7,9

更新：我希望按照文件名的顺序解析这些，例如：

$myFiles = @(gci *.csv) | sort Name
foreach ($file in $myFiles){

问候 泰德

Answer 1

这是我的 Perl 版本：

use strict;
use warnings;

my $filenum = 0;

my ( %fruits, %data );
foreach my $file ( sort glob("*.csv") ) {

    $filenum++;
    open my $fh, "<", $file or die $!;

    while ( my $line = <$fh> ) {

        chomp $line;

        my ( $fruit, @values ) = split /,/, $line;

        $fruits{$fruit} = 1;

        $data{$filenum}{$fruit} = \@values;
    }

    close $fh;
}
foreach my $fruit ( sort keys %fruits ) {

    print $fruit, ",", join( ",", map { $data{$_}{$fruit} ? @{ $data{$_}{$fruit} } : ",," } 1 .. $filenum ), "\n";
}

这给了我：

apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,,,,87,42,12,81,5,8,,,
orange,22,6,1,,,,,,,5,7,9
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6,,,

那么，你有一个关于葡萄的错字还是我误解了什么？

Answer 2

好的，gangabas 解决方案有效，而且比我的更酷，但我还是会添加我的。它稍微严格一些，并且保留了一个也可以使用的数据结构。所以，享受吧。 ;)

use strict;
use warnings;

opendir my $dir, '.' or die $!;
my @csv = grep (/^\d+\.csv$/i, readdir $dir);
closedir $dir;
# sorting numerically based on leading digits in filename
@csv = sort {($a=~/^(\d+)/)[0] <=> ($b=~/^(\d+)/)[0]} @csv;

my %data;

# To print empty records we first need to know all the names
for my $file (@csv) {
    open my $fh, '<', $file or die $!;
    while (<$fh>) {
        if (m/^([^,]+),/) {
            @{ $data{$1} } = ();
        }
    }
    close $fh;
}

# Now we can fill in values
for my $file (@csv) {
    open my $fh, '<', $file or die $!;
    my %tmp;
    while (<$fh>) {
        chomp;
        next if (/^\s*$/);
        my ($tag,@values) = split (/,/);
        $tmp{$tag} = \@values;
    }
    for my $key (keys %data) {
        unless (defined $tmp{$key}) {
            # Fill in empty values
            @{$tmp{$key}} = ("","","");
        }
        push @{ $data{$key} }, @{ $tmp{$key} };
    }
}

&myreport; 

sub myreport {
    for my $key (sort keys %data) {
        print "$key," . (join ',', @{$data{$key}}), "\n";
    }
}

Answer 3

Powershell：

$produce = "apples","grape","orange","pear"
$produce_hash = @{}
$produce | foreach-object {$produce_hash[$_] = @(,$_)}

$myFiles = @(gci *.csv) | sort Name
 foreach ($file in $myFiles){ 
    $file_hash = @{}
    $produce | foreach-object {$file_hash[$_] = @($null,$null,$null)}
        get-content $file | foreach-object{
            $line = $_.split(",")
            $file_hash[$line[0]] = $line[1..3]
            }
    $produce | foreach-object {
        $produce_hash[$_] += $file_hash[$_]
        }
  }

$ofs = ","
$out = @()
$produce | foreach-object {
 $out += [string]$produce_hash[$_]
 }

$out | out-file "outputfile.csv" 

gc outputfile.csv

apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,,,,87,42,12,81,5,8,,,
orange,22,6,1,,,,,,,5,7,9
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6,,,

应该很容易修改其他项目。只需将它们添加到 $produce 数组中。

Answer 4

第二个 Powershell 解决方案（根据要求）

   $produce = @()
   $produce_hash = @{}
    $file_count = -1
    $myFiles = @(gci 0*.csv) | sort Name
     foreach ($file in $myFiles){ 
        $file_count ++
        $file_hash = @{}
                get-content $file | foreach-object{
                $line = $_.split(",")

                if ($produce -contains $line[0]){
                    $file_hash[$line[0]] += $line[1..3]
                    }

                else {
                    $produce += $line[0]
                    $file_hash[$line[0]] = @(,$line[0]) + (@($null) * 3 *  $file_count) + $line[1..3]
                    }

                  }
              $produce | foreach-object { 
                if ($file_hash[$_]){$produce_hash[$_] += $file_hash[$_]} 
                else {$produce_hash[$_] += @(,$null) * 3}
               }

    }          

    $ofs = ","
    $out = @()
    $produce_hash.keys | foreach-object {
     $out += [string]$produce_hash[$_]
     }

    $out | out-file "outputfile.csv" 

    gc outputfile.csv
apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,,,,87,42,12,81,5,8,,,
orange,22,6,1,,,,,,,5,7,9
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6,,,

Answer 5

你必须解析文件，我没有看到更简单的方法来做它

powershell 中的解决方案：

更新：好的，稍作调整 - 希望可以理解

$items = @{}
$colCount = 0 # total amount of columns
# loop through all files
foreach ($file in (gci *.csv | sort Name))
{
    $content = Get-Content $file
    $itemsToAdd = 0; # columns added by this file
    foreach ($line in $content)
    {
        if ($line -match "^(?<group>\w+),(?<value>.*)") 
        { 
            $group = $matches["group"]
            if (-not $items.ContainsKey($group)) 
            {   # in case the row doesn't exists add and fill with empty columns
                $items.Add($group, @()) 
                for($i = 0; $i -lt $colCount; $i++) { $items[$group] += "" }
            }

            # add new values to correct row
            $matches["value"].Split(",") | foreach { $items[$group] += $_ }
            $itemsToAdd = ($matches["value"].Split(",") | measure).Count # saves col count
        } 
    }

    # in case that file didn't contain some row, add empty cols for those rows
    $colCount += $itemsToAdd
    $toAddEmpty = @()
    $items.Keys | ? { (($items[$_] | measure).Count -lt $colCount) } | foreach { $toAddEmpty += $_ }
    foreach ($key in $toAddEmpty) 
    {   
        for($i = 0; $i -lt $itemsToAdd; $i++) { $items[$key] += "" }
    }
}

# output
Remove-Item "output.csv" -ea 0
foreach ($key in $items.Keys)
{
    "$key,{0}" -f [string]::Join(",", $items[$key]) | Add-Content "output.csv"
}

输出：

apples,48,12,7,51,8,6,11,12,13,14,12,8
grape,,,,87,42,12,81,5,8,,,
orange,22,6,1,,,,,,,5,7,9
pear,17,16,2,22,3,7,11,5,6,,,

Answer 6

这是一种更简洁的方法。但是，当项目丢失时，它仍然不会添加逗号。

Get-ChildItem D:\temp\a\ *.csv | 
    Get-Content |
    ForEach-Object -begin { $result=@{} } -process {
        $name, $otherCols = $_ -split '(?<=\w+),'
        if (!$result[$name]) { $result[$name] = @() }
        $result[$name] += $otherCols
    } -end {
        $result.GetEnumerator() | % {
            "{0},{1}" -f $_.Key, ($_.Value -join ",")
        }
    } | Sort