如何将值插入 MS SQL 的子选择查询？

Question

出于某种原因，我只需要一个查询即可完成我的项目。

select empId, lastName,firstName,employee.sinNum,departmentId,position,baseSalary,gender,age,emailAddr,phoneNum from employee join person
on employee.sinNum = person.sinNum

上面会生成一个结果集，我想将值插入到这个结果集中。

Insert into (empId, lastName,firstName,employee.sinNum,departmentId,position,baseSalary,gender,age,emailAddr,phoneNum from 
employee join person on employee.sinNum = person.sinNum) values 
('meng','xue',333,10,'clerk',3000,'male',30,'j@tt.com',2321)

但它不起作用。那么如何结合“insert into (select...)”呢？ 感谢您的时间。 :)

更新（这是我创建的表格）

create table person (
sinNum int primary key not null,
gender varchar(6) not null check (gender in ('male','female')) default 
'female',age int not null check (age>=18 and age<=100),
emailAddr varchar (50) not null,
phoneNum int not null,  
)

create table employee (
empId int identity (1,1) unique,
lastName varchar (30) not null,
firstName varchar (30) not null,
sinNum int not null unique foreign key references person (sinNum),
departmentId int not null foreign key references department (departmentId), 
position varchar (20) not null check (position in 
('clerk','assistant','supervisor','manager','director','president')) default 
'clerk',
baseSalary float not null
)

一个人应该有员工信息和个人信息。两个表通过 sinNum 相互连接

当新员工加入公司时。我们需要所有人注册他（她）的所有信息。这就是为什么我想加入两个表作为一个结果并使用一个语句来添加所有信息。

Answer 1

嗨，杰弗里 -

选择查询返回结果集而不是表。因此，如果您想在结果集中再插入一行，则可以使用临时表或 UNION。像这样——

select empId, lastName,firstName,employee.sinNum,departmentId,position,baseSalary,gender,age,emailAddr,phoneNum 
from employee join personon ON employee.sinNum = person.sinNum 
UNION 
Select 'meng','xue',333,10,'clerk',3000,'male',30,'j@tt.com',2321 

谢谢:)

Answer 2

对于select into，您需要告诉它需要将结果插入到哪个表中。最好也使用列名，这样在表中添加额外的列不会使 sql 无效。

例如：

insert into mytable (empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum)
select e.empId, Name, position, e.sinNum, age, phoneNum 
from employee e
join person p on e.sinNum = p.sinNum;

或者只是价值观：

insert into mytable (empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum)
values (1,'Colin','clerk',909,20,345678);

这要求目标表已经存在。

如果你想将它插入到一个新的临时表中，那么你可以使用select into 语法。这将创建该临时表。

select e.empId, Name, position, e.sinNum, age, phoneNum 
into #mytemptable
from employee e
join person p on e.sinNum = p.sinNum;

-- the temp table already exists, so we can insert some extra values to it
insert into #mytemptable (empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum) values
(1,'Colin','clerk',909,20,345678),
(2,'Hazel','boss',1001,50,876543);

临时表只会在会话处于活动状态时存在。

Answer 3

Select Into 创建一个物理表，如果您不想创建一个物理表，请使用@table 变量，如下所示：

DECLARE @tmpEmployee TABLE
(  
  empId int, [Name] varchar(100), position varchar(100), sinNum int, age int , phoneNum int
)

INSERT INTO @tmpEmployee
select empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum from employee join person
on employee.sinNum = person.sinNum

INSERT INTO @tmpEmployee (empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum)
VALUES (01,'Colin','clerk',909,20,345678)

Select * from @tmpEmployee

更新：

如果要合并的行始终是已知值的单行，则可以使用以下方法以单队列结束：

SELECT empId, Name, position, sinNum, age, phoneNum from employee join person
on employee.sinNum = person.sinNum
UNION ALL
SELECT empid=01,Name='Colin',position='clerk',sinName=909,age=20,phoneNum=345678