使用 MD5 哈希的 PowerShell v3+ 递归目录差异
我使用这个纯 PowerShell（无依赖关系）递归文件内容差异。它在内存中计算每个目录文件内容的 MD5 哈希（算法是可配置的），并以标准 PowerShell Compare-Object 格式给出结果。
它可以选择导出为 CSV 文件以及摘要文本文件。它可以将 rdiff.ps1 文件放到您的路径中，也可以将内容复制到您的脚本中。
USAGE: rdiff path/to/left,path/to/right [-s path/to/summary/dir]
这里是gist。我复制了以下内容以供参考，但我建议使用 gist 版本，因为随着时间的推移我会添加新功能。
#########################################################################
### USAGE: rdiff path/to/left,path/to/right [-s path/to/summary/dir] ###
### ADD LOCATION OF THIS SCRIPT TO PATH ###
#########################################################################
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(HelpMessage="Stores the execution working directory.")]
[string]$ExecutionDirectory=$PWD,
[parameter(Position=0,HelpMessage="Compare two directories recursively for differences.")]
[alias("c")]
[string[]]$Compare,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Export a summary to path.")]
[alias("s")]
[string]$ExportSummary
)
### FUNCTION DEFINITIONS ###
# SETS WORKING DIRECTORY FOR .NET #
function SetWorkDir($PathName, $TestPath) {
$AbsPath = NormalizePath $PathName $TestPath
Set-Location $AbsPath
[System.IO.Directory]::SetCurrentDirectory($AbsPath)
}
# RESTORES THE EXECUTION WORKING DIRECTORY AND EXITS #
function SafeExit() {
SetWorkDir /path/to/execution/directory $ExecutionDirectory
Exit
}
function Print {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=0,HelpMessage="Message to print.")]
[string]$Message,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies a success.")]
[alias("s")]
[switch]$SuccessFlag,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies a warning.")]
[alias("w")]
[switch]$WarningFlag,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies an error.")]
[alias("e")]
[switch]$ErrorFlag,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies a fatal error.")]
[alias("f")]
[switch]$FatalFlag,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies a info message.")]
[alias("i")]
[switch]$InfoFlag = !$SuccessFlag -and !$WarningFlag -and !$ErrorFlag -and !$FatalFlag,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies blank lines to print before.")]
[alias("b")]
[int]$LinesBefore=0,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies blank lines to print after.")]
[alias("a")]
[int]$LinesAfter=0,
[parameter(HelpMessage="Specifies if program should exit.")]
[alias("x")]
[switch]$ExitAfter
)
PROCESS {
if($LinesBefore -ne 0) {
foreach($i in 0..$LinesBefore) { Write-Host "" }
}
if($InfoFlag) { Write-Host "$Message" }
if($SuccessFlag) { Write-Host "$Message" -ForegroundColor "Green" }
if($WarningFlag) { Write-Host "$Message" -ForegroundColor "Orange" }
if($ErrorFlag) { Write-Host "$Message" -ForegroundColor "Red" }
if($FatalFlag) { Write-Host "$Message" -ForegroundColor "Red" -BackgroundColor "Black" }
if($LinesAfter -ne 0) {
foreach($i in 0..$LinesAfter) { Write-Host "" }
}
if($ExitAfter) { SafeExit }
}
}
# VALIDATES STRING MIGHT BE A PATH #
function ValidatePath($PathName, $TestPath) {
If([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($TestPath)) {
Print -x -f "$PathName is not a path"
}
}
# NORMALIZES RELATIVE OR ABSOLUTE PATH TO ABSOLUTE PATH #
function NormalizePath($PathName, $TestPath) {
ValidatePath "$PathName" "$TestPath"
$TestPath = [System.IO.Path]::Combine((pwd).Path, $TestPath)
$NormalizedPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($TestPath)
return $NormalizedPath
}
# VALIDATES STRING MIGHT BE A PATH AND RETURNS ABSOLUTE PATH #
function ResolvePath($PathName, $TestPath) {
ValidatePath "$PathName" "$TestPath"
$ResolvedPath = NormalizePath $PathName $TestPath
return $ResolvedPath
}
# VALIDATES STRING RESOLVES TO A PATH AND RETURNS ABSOLUTE PATH #
function RequirePath($PathName, $TestPath, $PathType) {
ValidatePath $PathName $TestPath
If(!(Test-Path $TestPath -PathType $PathType)) {
Print -x -f "$PathName ($TestPath) does not exist as a $PathType"
}
$ResolvedPath = Resolve-Path $TestPath
return $ResolvedPath
}
# Like mkdir -p -> creates a directory recursively if it doesn't exist #
function MakeDirP {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=0,HelpMessage="Path create.")]
[string]$Path
)
PROCESS {
New-Item -path $Path -itemtype Directory -force | Out-Null
}
}
# GETS ALL FILES IN A PATH RECURSIVELY #
function GetFiles {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=0,HelpMessage="Path to get files for.")]
[string]$Path
)
PROCESS {
ls $Path -r | where { !$_.PSIsContainer }
}
}
# GETS ALL FILES WITH CALCULATED HASH PROPERTY RELATIVE TO A ROOT DIRECTORY RECURSIVELY #
# RETURNS LIST OF @{RelativePath, Hash, FullName}
function GetFilesWithHash {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=0,HelpMessage="Path to get directories for.")]
[string]$Path,
[parameter(HelpMessage="The hash algorithm to use.")]
[string]$Algorithm="MD5"
)
PROCESS {
$OriginalPath = $PWD
SetWorkDir path/to/diff $Path
GetFiles $Path | select @{N="RelativePath";E={$_.FullName | Resolve-Path -Relative}},
@{N="Hash";E={(Get-FileHash $_.FullName -Algorithm $Algorithm | select Hash).Hash}},
FullName
SetWorkDir path/to/original $OriginalPath
}
}
# COMPARE TWO DIRECTORIES RECURSIVELY #
# RETURNS LIST OF @{RelativePath, Hash, FullName}
function DiffDirectories {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=0,HelpMessage="Directory to compare left.")]
[alias("l")]
[string]$LeftPath,
[parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=1,HelpMessage="Directory to compare right.")]
[alias("r")]
[string]$RightPath
)
PROCESS {
$LeftHash = GetFilesWithHash $LeftPath
$RightHash = GetFilesWithHash $RightPath
diff -ReferenceObject $LeftHash -DifferenceObject $RightHash -Property RelativePath,Hash
}
}
### END FUNCTION DEFINITIONS ###
### PROGRAM LOGIC ###
if($Compare.length -ne 2) {
Print -x "Compare requires passing exactly 2 path parameters separated by comma, you passed $($Compare.length)." -f
}
Print "Comparing $($Compare[0]) to $($Compare[1])..." -a 1
$LeftPath = RequirePath path/to/left $Compare[0] container
$RightPath = RequirePath path/to/right $Compare[1] container
$Diff = DiffDirectories $LeftPath $RightPath
$LeftDiff = $Diff | where {$_.SideIndicator -eq "<="} | select RelativePath,Hash
$RightDiff = $Diff | where {$_.SideIndicator -eq "=>"} | select RelativePath,Hash
if($ExportSummary) {
$ExportSummary = ResolvePath path/to/summary/dir $ExportSummary
MakeDirP $ExportSummary
$SummaryPath = Join-Path $ExportSummary summary.txt
$LeftCsvPath = Join-Path $ExportSummary left.csv
$RightCsvPath = Join-Path $ExportSummary right.csv
$LeftMeasure = $LeftDiff | measure
$RightMeasure = $RightDiff | measure
"== DIFF SUMMARY ==" > $SummaryPath
"" >> $SummaryPath
"-- DIRECTORIES --" >> $SummaryPath
"`tLEFT -> $LeftPath" >> $SummaryPath
"`tRIGHT -> $RightPath" >> $SummaryPath
"" >> $SummaryPath
"-- DIFF COUNT --" >> $SummaryPath
"`tLEFT -> $($LeftMeasure.Count)" >> $SummaryPath
"`tRIGHT -> $($RightMeasure.Count)" >> $SummaryPath
"" >> $SummaryPath
$Diff | Format-Table >> $SummaryPath
$LeftDiff | Export-Csv $LeftCsvPath -f
$RightDiff | Export-Csv $RightCsvPath -f
}
$Diff
SafeExit