在 MS Access 2013 中指定准确的 XML 导出结构

Question

我有一个 MS Access 数据库，其中包含定期导出为 XML 以提供网站数据的课程数据。

我需要导出的表是一个主要的Courses 表，以及其他几个直接相关和间接相关的表，例如Occurrences、OccurrencesUnits、Units、Locations、Staff、@987654329 @等

在我之前的Stack Overflow question 的帮助下（可能值得阅读一些背景信息），我能够设置所需的确切 XML 结构，简化如下：

    <Courses>
            <CourseID>1</CourseID>
            <CourseTitle>Meat Science</CourseTitle>
            (etc etc)
            <Occurrences>
                    <OccurrenceID>1</OccurrenceID>
                    <OccurrenceTitle>Meat Science Autumn 2016</OccurrenceTitle>
                    <CourseID>1</CourseID>
                    <OccurrencesUnits>
                            <OccurrencesUnitsID>1</OccurrencesUnitsID>
                            <OccurrenceID>1</OccurrenceID>
                            <UnitID>1</UnitID>
                    </OccurrencesUnits>
            </Occurrences>
    </Courses>

    <Courses>
       ... more courses...
    </Courses>

    <Units>
       ...
    </Units>

    <Locations>
       ...
    </Locations>

    <Staff>
       ...
    </Staff>

    <SubjectAreas>
       ...
    </SubjectAreas>

    etc etc

因此有几层，Occurrences 和 OccurrencesUnits 表嵌套在它们的每个 Courses 条目中，但所有其他相关表需要在下面列出（不嵌套）。

但是，在最近从 Access 2010 升级到 2013 时，我发现我无法生成相同的结构。默认情况下，Access 2013 似乎通过将任何直接相关表嵌套到主表节点中来考虑表关系。当通过 XSL 指定布局结构时（根据我的相关 Stack Overflow 问题，上面链接），这会导致 XML 导出中省略 直接 相关的表，这与 2010 年它们自动出现在Courses.

我发现 accessforums.net 上的另一个人发现了类似的问题：http://www.accessforums.net/showthread.php?t=46933 他们的解决方案是删除 Access 中的表关系，公平地说，这确实会导致预期的 XML 输出，但可能对我的数据库！

关于信息，我在 Access 中的 VBA 导出代码如下所示：

Private Sub ExportCourseCatalogXML_Click()

  Dim rawDoc As Object, xslDoc As Object, newDoc As Object
  Dim xmlstr As String, xslstr As String
  Dim otherTables As AdditionalData

  Set otherTables = Application.CreateAdditionalData
  otherTables.Add "Occurrences"
  otherTables.Add "OccurrencesUnits"
  otherTables.Add "Units"
  otherTables.Add "Locations"
  otherTables.Add "CourseSubcategories"
  otherTables.Add "CourseTags"
  otherTables.Add "Partners"
  otherTables.Add "Staff"
  otherTables.Add "SubjectAreas"

  Application.ExportXML acExportTable, "Courses", "S:\Science\Biosciences\AATP\Database\xml\course-catalog.xml", _
             , , , , , , AdditionalData:=otherTables

  ' LOAD XML AND XSL FILES '
  xmlstr = "C:\path\to\course-catalog.xml"
  xslstr = "C:\path\to\structure.xsl"

  Set rawDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")
  Set xslDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")
  Set newDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")

  rawDoc.async = False
  rawDoc.Load xmlstr

  xslDoc.async = False
  xslDoc.Load xslstr

  ' TRANSFORM TO NEW XML '
  rawDoc.transformNodeToObject xslDoc, newDoc

  ' SAVE NEW XML FILE '
  newDoc.Save "C:\path\to\course-catalog.xml"

  MsgBox "Successfully exported XML.", vbInformation

End Sub

而我的structure.xsl 看起来像这样：

<xsl:transform xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
           xmlns:od="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:officedata"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"               
           exclude-result-prefixes="od xsi">

<xsl:output version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" />
<xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>

<!-- Identity Transform -->
<xsl:template match="@*|node()">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="Courses">
  <Courses>
      <xsl:copy-of select="CourseID"/>
      <xsl:copy-of select="CourseTitle"/>
      (etc etc)
      <xsl:for-each select="Occurrences">
      <Occurrences>
         <xsl:copy-of select="*"/>
         <xsl:variable name="occid" select="occurrenceID"/>
         <xsl:copy-of select="../../OccurrencesUnits[CourseOccurrence=$occid]"/>
      </Occurrences>
      </xsl:for-each>        
  </Courses>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="OccurrencesUnits"/>

</xsl:transform>

所以我的问题 - 是否可以指定（可能是通过 XSL）我需要的确切结构，即除 Occurrences 和 OccurrencesUnits 之外的Courses 列出的所有表外部？非常感谢您对此的任何支持！

2016 年 8 月 17 日添加：

为澄清起见，MS Access 2013 生成的 XML 如下所示。它与 2010 年类似，但问题是任何与 Courses 表直接相关的表都被省略了（CourseSubcategories、CourseTags、Partners、Staff 和 SubjectAreas )，并且包含它们的唯一方法是在 Access 中删除它们与 Courses 的关系。包括Units 和Locations 的表（因为它们与Courses 没有直接关系）。

<Courses>
        <CourseID>1</CourseID>
        <CourseTitle>Meat Science</CourseTitle>
        (etc etc)
        <Occurrences>
                <OccurrenceID>1</OccurrenceID>
                <OccurrenceTitle>Meat Science Autumn 2016</OccurrenceTitle>
                <CourseID>1</CourseID>
                <OccurrencesUnits>
                        <OccurrencesUnitsID>1</OccurrencesUnitsID>
                        <OccurrenceID>1</OccurrenceID>
                        <UnitID>1</UnitID>
                </OccurrencesUnits>
        </Occurrences>
</Courses>

<Courses>
   ... more courses...
</Courses>

<Units>
   ...
</Units>

<Locations>
   ...
</Locations>

Answer 1

考虑为那些未出现的相关表导出单独的临时 xml 文件。然后，使用document() 函数将这些xml 包含在XSLT 转换中。 VBA 将在转换后删除它们。这种方法中一个非常重要的设置是 XSLT (.xsl) 脚本必须与 XML 文件位于同一文件夹中，因为它会进行相对文件引用：

VBA

Private Sub ExportCourseCatalogXML_Click()

  Dim rawDoc As Object, xslDoc As Object, newDoc As Object
  Dim xmlstr As String, xslstr As String
  Dim otherTables As AdditionalData
  Dim temp As Variant

  Set otherTables = Application.CreateAdditionalData
  otherTables.Add "Occurrences"
  otherTables.Add "OccurrencesUnits"

  ' EXPORT MAIN XML 
  Application.ExportXML acExportTable, "Courses", "S:\Science\Biosciences\AATP\Database\xml\course-catalog.xml", _
             , , , , , , AdditionalData:=otherTables

  ' EXPORT TEMP XMLS
  For Each temp in Array("Units", "Locations", "CourseSubcategories", "CourseTags", "Partners", "Staff", "SubjectAreas")
      Application.ExportXML acExportTable, temp, "S:\Science\Biosciences\AATP\Database\xml\" & temp & ".xml" 
  Next temp 

  ' LOAD XML AND XSL FILES '
  xmlstr = "C:\path\to\course-catalog.xml"
  xslstr = "C:\path\to\structure.xsl"

  Set rawDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")
  Set xslDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")
  Set newDoc = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")

  rawDoc.async = False
  rawDoc.setProperty "AllowDocumentFunction", True
  rawDoc.Load xmlstr

  xslDoc.async = False
  xslDoc.setProperty "AllowDocumentFunction", True
  xslDoc.Load xslstr

  ' TRANSFORM TO NEW XML '
  rawDoc.transformNodeToObject xslDoc, newDoc

  ' SAVE NEW XML FILE '
  newDoc.Save "C:\path\to\course-catalog.xml"

  ' DELETE TEMP XMLs
  For Each temp in Array("Units", "Locations", "CourseSubcategories", "CourseTags", "Partners", "Staff", "SubjectAreas")
      xmlfile = "S:\Science\Biosciences\AATP\Database\xml\" & temp & ".xml"
      If Len(Dir(xmlfile, vbDirectory)) > 0 Then Kill xmlfile
  Next temp 

  MsgBox "Successfully exported XML.", vbInformation

End Sub

XSLT （必须与其他 .xml 文件保存在同一目录中）

<xsl:transform xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
           xmlns:od="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:officedata"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"               
           exclude-result-prefixes="od xsi">

<xsl:output version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" />
<xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>

<xsl:template match="/dataroot">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
    <xsl:copy-of select="document('CourseSubcategories.xml')/dataroot/CourseSubcategories"/>
    <xsl:copy-of select="document('CourseTags.xml')/dataroot/CourseTags"/>
    <xsl:copy-of select="document('Partners.xml')/dataroot/Partners"/>
    <xsl:copy-of select="document('Staff.xml')/dataroot/Staff"/>
    <xsl:copy-of select="document('SubjectAreas.xml')/dataroot/SubjectAreas"/>
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="Courses">
  <Courses>
      <xsl:copy-of select="CourseID"/>
      <xsl:copy-of select="CourseTitle"/>
      (etc etc)
      <xsl:for-each select="Occurrences">
      <Occurrences>
         <xsl:copy-of select="*"/>
         <xsl:variable name="occid" select="occurrenceID"/>
         <xsl:copy-of select="ancestor::dataroot/OccurrencesUnits[CourseOccurrence=$occid]"/>
      </Occurrences>
      </xsl:for-each>        
  </Courses>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="OccurrencesUnits"/>

</xsl:transform>