案例，选择条件要求

Question

在 Excel 查询中操作，我需要一个条件语句来读取一个字段，并根据该值将另一个字段设置为减号（或不减号）。

我的SQl代码如下：

SELECT "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate, 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".debit)            AS 'TOTALDebit', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".credit)           AS 'TOTALCredit', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".tax_amount)       AS 'TOTALTax_Amount', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".VALUE)            AS 'TOTALValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".actualvalue)      AS 'TOTALActualValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".actualsalesvalue) AS 'TOTALActualSalesValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".profit)           AS 'TOTALProfit' 
FROM   sqlschema.dbo."_bvSTTransactionsFull" "_bvSTTransactionsFull" 
WHERE  ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate >=? 
         AND "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate <=? ) 
GROUP  BY "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate, 
          "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description 
HAVING ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description LIKE 'POS Sale' ) 
        OR ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description LIKE 'POS Return' ) 
ORDER  BY "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate 

我需要选择查询来查看名为“ActualQuantity”的字段（在表“_bvSTTransactionsFull”中），如果该字段为 Tax_Amount = -(Tax_Amount) 或 if ActualQuantity >=0, then Tax_Amount = Tax_Amount。

请注意查询是“求和”的，所以我认为这个条件方面需要在求和发生之前处理。该查询将大约 100 000 条记录汇总为每日总数。

Answer 1

SELECT "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate, 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".debit)            AS 'TOTALDebit', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".credit)           AS 'TOTALCredit', 
       SUM(case when "_bvSTTransactionsFull".ActualQuantity >= 0 
           then "_bvSTTransactionsFull".tax_amount
           else - "_bvSTTransactionsFull".tax_amount
           end)                                      AS 'TOTALTax_Amount', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".VALUE)            AS 'TOTALValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".actualvalue)      AS 'TOTALActualValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".actualsalesvalue) AS 'TOTALActualSalesValue', 
       SUM("_bvSTTransactionsFull".profit)           AS 'TOTALProfit' 
FROM   sqlschema.dbo."_bvSTTransactionsFull" "_bvSTTransactionsFull" 
WHERE  ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate >=? 
         AND "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate <=? ) 
GROUP  BY "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate, 
          "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description 
HAVING ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description LIKE 'POS Sale' ) 
        OR ( "_bvSTTransactionsFull".description LIKE 'POS Return' ) 
ORDER  BY "_bvSTTransactionsFull".txdate 

如果 ActualQuantity 可能为零，但同一行中的 taxAmount 也为零，您可以使用 sign function 更改 tax_amount 的符号：

sign(ActualQuantity) * tax_amount

更新：

所以我认为 MS Query 在无法以图形方式显示的查询中使用参数时存在问题。解决方法是用一些常量替换参数，将工作簿保存为 XML 并将常量更改为“？”。 There is a link showing VBA code which does replacement on-site，但你必须弄清楚它是如何工作的，因为我不太了解 VBA。

更新 2：

另一方面，最简单的方法是在数据库中创建视图。