使用 FuncAnimation 的动画绘图给出一个空白图

Question

我正在尝试使用 matplotlib 的 FuncAnimation 类绘制动画图。我想在每一帧绘制具有不同温度值T 的 fermi() 函数。但是情节给出了一个空白图表，为什么？

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation

# Fermi-Dirac Distribution
def fermi(E: float, E_f: float, T: float) -> float:
    k_b = 8.617 * (10**-5) # eV/K
    return 1/(np.exp((E - E_f)/(k_b * T)) + 1)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()


# Temperature values
T = np.linspace(100, 1000, 10)

# Get colors from coolwarm colormap
colors = plt.get_cmap('coolwarm', 10)

# Create variable reference to plot
f_d, = ax.plot([], [], linewidth=2.5)
# Add text annotation and create variable reference
temp = ax.text(1, 1, '', ha='right', va='top', fontsize=24)

# Animation function
def animate(i):
    x = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
    y = fermi(x, 0.5, T[i])
    f_d.set_data(x, y)
    f_d.set_color(colors(i))
    temp.set_text(str(int(T[i])) + ' K')
    temp.set_color(colors(i))

# Create animation
ani = FuncAnimation(fig=fig, func=animate, frames=range(len(T)), interval=500, repeat=True)

plt.show()

Answer 1

将动画图的轴范围调整为您要使用的数据，然后将创建图。如果您修改该点，将创建动画。由于我的环境是jupyterlab，所以我已经安装了额外的库，所以如果你不需要它们，请删除它们。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
# Jupyter lab and GIF create
# from IPython.display import HTML
# from matplotlib.animation import PillowWriter

# Fermi-Dirac Distribution
def fermi(E: float, E_f: float, T: float) -> float:
    k_b = 8.617 * (10**-5) # eV/K
    return 1/(np.exp((E - E_f)/(k_b * T)) + 1)

fig = plt.figure() # update
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(0, 1), ylim=(0, 10)) # update
# Temperature values
T = np.linspace(100, 1000, 10)

# Get colors from coolwarm colormap
colors = plt.get_cmap('coolwarm', 10)

# Create variable reference to plot
f_d, = ax.plot([], [], linewidth=2.5)
# Add text annotation and create variable reference
temp = ax.text(1, 1, '', ha='right', va='top', fontsize=24)

# Animation function
def animate(i):
    x = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
    y = fermi(x, 0.5, T[i])
    f_d.set_data(x, y)
    f_d.set_color(colors(i))
    temp.set_text(str(int(T[i])) + ' K')
    temp.set_color(colors(i))

# Create animation
anim = FuncAnimation(fig=fig, func=animate, frames=10, interval=500, repeat=True) # range(len(T))

# plt.close()
# HTML(anim.to_html5_video())
# anim.save('animate_test.gif', writer='pillow')